Oswald Berkhan

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Oswald Berkhan (born March 19, 1834 in Blankenburg ; † February 15, 1917 in Braunschweig ) was a German physician .

Life

Berkhan attended the Collegium Carolinum in Braunschweig and then studied medicine at the University of Göttingen in Prague, in Vienna and at the University of Würzburg . There he received his doctorate in 1856 . During his studies he had joined the physician Carl Friedrich von Marcus , who founded the clinical psychiatry in Würzburg. After taking the state examination, he first worked in an institution for the mentally ill before he became a general practitioner in the Alexius nursing home , an insane asylum in Braunschweig, in 1860 . This facility was relocated to Königslutter in 1865 and later formed the basis for the state institutes. In 1861 he was licensed as a general practitioner. He was one of the initiators of the Idioten-Anstalt zu Erkerode (the later Evangelical Foundation Neuerkerode ). It was founded by him, Pastor Gustav Stutzer from Erkerode and the Braunschweig honorary citizen Louise Löbbecke in Erkerode in 1868. The institution should be a refuge for sick and disabled people. Until 1896 he worked there as a consulting doctor. Berkhan first introduced speech therapy courses for stutterers in public schools in 1883 and also looked after children suffering from epileptic seizures. Together with Louise Löbbecke, he sponsored the construction of a teaching institution (Luisenstift), which opened in 1908.

In addition, he worked together with the teacher Heinrich Kielhorn as a reformer of the special education system . Together they founded a class for mentally handicapped children in Braunschweig in 1881. He was the first citizen in the Duchy of Braunschweig to receive the title of Privy Medical Council.

After Berkhan in 1967 a special school "Oswald-Berkhan-Schule" with a focus on intellectual development and the adjacent street were named in Braunschweig.

Publications (selection)

Monographs
  • About disorders of language and written language: illustrated for doctors and teachers , Berlin: Hirschwald, 1889
  • On innate and early acquired idiocy , Braunschweig: F. Vieweg & Sohn, 1899, 2nd ed. 1904
Essays
  • The microcephalic idiots. In: Journal of Psychiatry. 37 (1871).
  • The idiots of the city of Braunschweig. In: General journal for psychiatry and psycho-judicial medicine. 37 (1880).
  • About stuttering, its relationship to poverty and its treatment. In: Archives for Psychiatry. 14 (1883).
  • Peculiar attacks of falling asleep. In: German journal for neurology. 1892.
  • How the Idiotenanstalt Neu-Erkerode came about. In: Braunschweigische Landeszeitung and Tageblatt. March 1898.
  • A feeble-minded child with the tip of an ear in the Darwinian sense. In: Journal for the research and treatment of adolescent dementia. 1907.
  • Two cases of scaphocephaly. In: Archives for Anthropology. NF 6.1 (1907).
  • Two cases of trigonocephaly. In: Archives for Anthropology. NF 7.4 (1909).
  • The child prodigy Christian Heinrich Heineken. In: Journal for Child Research. 110 (1910).
  • Otto Pöhler, the child from Braunschweig who reads springtime. In: Journal for Child Research. 15 (1910).
  • About talented morons. In: Journal for the research and treatment of adolescent dementia. 1911.
  • About uniform head mass for the feeble-minded and uniform reproduction of head shapes of the feeble-minded. In: Journal for the research and treatment of adolescent dementia. 1912.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. Horst-Rüdiger Jarck , Günter Scheel (ed.): Braunschweigisches Biographisches Lexikon - 19th and 20th centuries . Hahnsche Buchhandlung, Hannover 1996, ISBN 3-7752-5838-8 , p. 53 .
  2. Chronicle on bs-obs.de