Otto Grosser
Otto Grosser (born November 21, 1873 in Vienna , † March 23, 1951 in Thumersbach near Zell am See ) was an Austrian physician (anatomy, embryology).
Life
Grosser was the son of a railway engineer, went to high school in Vienna and studied medicine at the University of Vienna, where he received his doctorate with honors (sub auspiciis imperatoris) in 1899. Emil Zuckerkandl and Ferdinand Hochstetter were among his teachers . In 1902 he completed his habilitation in embryology, in 1907 he became an associate professor in Vienna and in 1909 a full professor of anatomy at the German University of Prague . He held the chair until 1945, when he fled from Prague to the Salzkammergut.
In embryology, he investigated the causes of malformations, the development of the intestine, the gill intestine and the respiratory organs. He examined the development of the trophoblast , the nutrition of embryos in viviparous animals, published a classification of the placenta and the time at which it was ready to conceive (although he took a different opinion from Hermann Knaus ).
During National Socialism, he headed the science department at the Nazi Lecturer Association and was a clerk for anthropology and ontogeny for the journal Der Biologe , which was published by the SS-Ahnenerbe . After the war it was therefore considered to be pre-loaded .
In 1928/29 and 1934/35 he was rector of the Karl Ferdinand University in Prague. In 1936 he received an honorary doctorate in Breslau. In 1939 he received the Carus Prize and in 1943 the Goethe Medal for Art and Science . He was a member of the Leopoldina , the Berlin and Vienna academies of science. In 1911 he became a full member and in 1918 President of the German Society of Science and the Arts in Prague. Otto Grosser was a member of the board of trustees of the Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff Prize, which was intended for Germans in the Sudetenland, Bohemia, Moravia and Slovakia . He was the second chairman of the International Embryological Institute in Utrecht.
The term Hoyer-Grosser organs ( Glomus cutaneum ) for these ball-like arterio-venous anastomoses , for which he provided important additions to Hoyer's observations published in 1877 in 1902, is named after him and Henryk Fryderyk Hoyer .
The Grosserweg in Vienna was named after Otto Grosser in 1955.
Fonts
- About arterio-venous anastomoses at the extremity ends in humans and clawed mammals . In: Archive for Microscopic Anatomy, 60, Bonn 1902, pp. 191–216 ( digitized version )
- Outline of the human development history, 1944, 4th edition with Georg Politzer 1953, 5th edition 1958 and 6th edition 1965 with Rolf Ortmann, Springer Verlag, Berlin
- Lectures on topographical human anatomy, 1950
literature
- Marlene Jantsch : Grosser, Otto. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 7, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1966, ISBN 3-428-00188-5 , p. 152 ( digitized version ).
Web links
- Otto Grosser in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna
- Otto Grosser's membership entry at the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina , accessed on March 15, 2017.
- Otto Grosser. Members of the predecessor academies. Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences , accessed March 20, 2017 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Henryk Fryderyk Hoyer: About the direct confluence of the smallest arteries in the vascular branch of a venous character . In: Archive for microscopic anatomy, 13, Bonn 1877, pp. 603–644 ( digitized version )
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Big one, Otto |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian medic |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 21, 1873 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Vienna |
| DATE OF DEATH | March 23, 1951 |
| Place of death | Thumersbach |