Otto Mügge
Johannes Otto Conrad Mügge (born March 4, 1858 in Hanover , Kingdom of Hanover , † June 9, 1932 in Göttingen ) was a German mineralogist .
Mügge attended the Realgymnasium in Hanover and from 1875 studied mathematics, mineralogy, chemistry and botany at the TH Hanover and at the University of Göttingen , where he passed his state examination as a teacher in 1880 and received his doctorate in mineralogy from Carl Klein in 1879 ( crystallographic investigation of some organic compounds ). In 1879 he became assistant to Harry Rosenbusch in Heidelberg, in 1882 he became curator for geology and mineralogy at the Natural History Museum in Hamburg, in 1886 extraordinary professor in Münster and in 1896 as successor to Theodor Liebisch full professor at the University of Königsberg . In 1903/04 he was Dean of the Faculty of Philosophy there. In 1908 he became a professor in Göttingen, where he retired in 1926. In 1909 he was elected a full member of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences . In 1925 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina .
He provided significant work on crystallography , on crystal structures (twinning, intergrowth of different minerals) and the sliding ability of crystal surfaces and mechanical deformation of crystals with application to metal formation, mountain formation and the flow of glaciers. Mügge recognized translation as the cause of the plastic behavior of metallic crystals. He also dealt (as one of the first) with the formation of pleochroistic courts in minerals through radioactivity and regional petrography of Westphalia, Hesse and the Harz, especially of metamorphic rock.
He was responsible for the (almost completely rewritten) 5th edition of Microscopic Physiography of the Minerals and Rocks of Rosenbusch. Mügge Island has been named after him since 1960 , an island in the Antarctic.
literature
- Festschrift Otto Mügge, New Yearbook Mineralogy, Supplements Volume 57, 1928
- K. Hans Wedepohl: Mügge, Otto. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 18, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-428-00199-0 , p. 267 ( digitized version ).
- The Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 33, 1933, 355-356, obituary by LJ Spencer, pdf
Individual evidence
- ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 173.
- ^ Lexicon of natural scientists. Berlin 2004
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Mügge, Otto |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Mügge, Johannes Otto Conrad (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German mineralogist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 4, 1858 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Hanover , Kingdom of Hanover |
| DATE OF DEATH | June 9, 1932 |
| Place of death | Goettingen |