Otto Mangold

Otto August Mangold (born November 6, 1891 in Auenstein , † July 2, 1962 in Heiligenberg ) was a German zoologist .

Life

Mangold studied natural sciences (especially zoology) at the universities of Tübingen , Rostock and Freiburg . In 1919 he was in Hans Spemann Dr. phil. doctorate, then he became its scientific assistant.

From 1923 Mangold was a private lecturer in the department of developmental physiology at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Biology in Berlin. From 1924 he was a private lecturer, from 1929 extraordinary professor for zoology at the University of Berlin .

From 1933 he was full professor for zoology and comparative anatomy at the University of Erlangen . Mangold joined the Nazi teachers' association in 1934 and became a member of the NSDAP in 1935, despite the admission ban , whereby the National Socialist university rector Fritz Specht assessed him as follows: " Desirable for a National Socialist university ". In the same year Mangold also became a member of the Nazi lecturers' association and the Nazi old gentlemen's association .

From 1937 to 1945 Mangold was Hans Spemann's full professor of zoology at the Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg , where he was also rector from 1938 to 1940. On July 27, 1942, together with Hermann Weber , among others , he signed a letter to the Reich Chancellery in which the board approved all state measures in view of " the tremendous severity of the struggle of Judaism against the German people ". In 1940 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina . In 1942 he was President of the German Zoological Society .

In 1945, Mangold was released in Freiburg and banned from teaching. From 1946 he was co-founder and head of the developmental physiology department and director of the Heiligenberg Institute for Experimental Biology in Heiligenberg (Baden), an institute that had been set up under the auspices of the Fürstenberg dynasty. In 1953 he retired as professor.

Mangold devoted himself particularly to the problem of the determination of embryonic cells.

He was married to Hilde Pröscholdt , a close colleague of Spemann and co-discoverer of the Spemann organizer .

The Society for Developmental Biology awarded the Otto Mangold Prize until 2009 for special merits in this biological subject .

author

• Hans Spemann. The inventor of embryonic microsurgery, a master of developmental physiology In: Researchers and Scientists in Europe Today. 2. Physicians, biologists, anthropologists. Ed. Hans Schwerte & Wilhelm Spengler . Series: Gestalter Our Time, Vol. 4. Stalling, Oldenburg 1955, pp. 228–236 (The editors were former SS cadres)

literature

• Peter E. Fäßler and Klaus Sander : Hilde Mangold (1898-1924) and Spemanns's organizer: achievement and tragedy. Landmarks in developmental biology 21. In: Roux's archives of developmental biology 205: 323-332. 1995/96.
• Michael Grüttner : Biographical Lexicon on National Socialist Science Policy (= Studies on Science and University History. Volume 6). Synchron, Heidelberg 2004, ISBN 3-935025-68-8 , p. 113.
• Bernd Grün: After Heidegger: The rectorates of Eduard Kern, Friedrich Metz and Otto Mangold (1934-1940) . In: 550 years of the Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg. - Orig. - 3. - Freiburg [u. a.], 2007. - pp. 410-430
• Bernd Grün: The rector as a leader? The University of Freiburg i. Br. From 1933 to 1945 , Freiburg / Munich 2010, pp. 477-525, 686-703. At the same time: Dissertation University of Freiburg 2006: The rectors of the University of Freiburg i.Br. in the time of National Socialism. ISBN 978-3-495-49607-7

Web links

• Literature by and about Otto Mangold in the catalog of the German National Library

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} Ernst Klee : The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945 . Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, Second updated edition, Frankfurt am Main 2005, ISBN 978-3-596-16048-8 , p. 389.

predecessor	Office	successor
Friedrich Metz	Rector of the University of Freiburg 1938 - 1940	Wilhelm Süss