Põlula
Coordinates: 59 ° 19 ′ N , 26 ° 37 ′ E
Põlula (German Poll ) is a village ( Estonian küla ) in the Estonian rural community Rägavere ( Raggafer ) in the Lääne-Viru district ( West-Wierland ).
Location and history
The village is located around 15 kilometers from Rakvere ( Wesenberg ) on the Kunda River ( Kunda jõgi in Estonian ). It has 85 inhabitants (as of 2000).
Põlula was first mentioned in 1241 as Pøllula .
Fish farming
Today Põlula is known for its ichthyological breeding institute. The only state institution of its kind in Estonia serves to preserve endangered species in Estonian rivers within the framework of nature and environmental protection. The focus is on rearing young salmon .
Personalities
Põlula was the birthplace of the German-Estonian organ builder Gustav Normann (1821-1893). The Baltic German writer Ursula Zoege von Manteuffel (1850–1910, later Ursula Trebra-Lindenau) also came from Põlula .
The Baltic German poet Oda Schaefer (1900–1988) described a visit to Põlula shortly before the end of Russian rule in Estonia in her memoirs. This story inspired her great-nephew, the German director Chris Kraus , to the film Poll , which was released in German cinemas in 2011.
Good Põlula
The Põlula manor was first mentioned in 1489. At the beginning of the 18th century it belonged to Henning Friedrich von Bassewitz (1680–1749), the closest adviser to the Holstein duke Karl Friedrich (1700–1739). The Duke's son Karl Peter Ulrich was pretender to the throne of both the Swedish and Russian crowns. Count Bassewitz was a member of the Estonian knighthood .
In 1765 the estate became the property of the von Zoege family. 1823/24 and 1827–1830 lived in Põlula the painter Wilhelm von Kügelgen (1802–1867), whose mother was the owner of the estate. From 1853 it belonged to the Stackelberg family before ten years later it belonged to the v. Krause passed over.
With the Estonian land reform , the last Baltic German private owner, Wilhelm Hermann von Krause, was expropriated. In the interwar period , the Estonian state donated the property to the politician Oskar Köster (1890–1941?).
The two- and sometimes three-story building made of wood and stone was erected in different stages. The original wooden main house was built in the Baroque style with a central chimney. The stone additions in the historicism style behind the main house date from the 1880s. Behind it was a large schnapps distillery from 1870. Today it is only preserved as a ruin.
A (primary) school has been located in the manor house since 1947.
Web links
- Description of the place (Estonian)
- Põlula Fish Farming Center (Estonian)
- Manor Põlula (German)
- School of Põlula (Estonian)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Baltic historical local dictionary. Part 1: Estonia (including Northern Livonia). Started by Hans Feldmann . Published by Heinz von zur Mühlen . Edited by Gertrud Westermann . Cologne, Vienna 1985 (= sources and studies on Baltic history. Volume 8/1), ISBN 3-412-07183-8 , p. 463.
- ↑ http://www.epl.ee/artikkel/588714
- ^ Bassewitz, Henning Friedrich Graf von . In: East German Biography (Kulturportal West-Ost)
- ↑ Ivar Sakk: Eesti mõisad. Rice yuht. Tallinn 2002 ( ISBN 9985-78-574-6 ), p. 175