Movimento Democrático Brasileiro (1980)

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Movimento Democrático Brasileiro
Baleia Rossi (MDB - SP) (cropped) .jpg
Party leader Baleia Rossi
(since October 6, 2019)
founding January 15, 1980
Headquarters Brasília
Alignment center
Colours) Green, yellow, black, red and orange
Parliament seats and all mandates of the 2014 general election and 2016 local election and before the October 2018 election:
Governors (2014):
7/27

Senators (2017):
22/81

Federal MPs (2014):
68/513

State MPs (2014):
142/1024

City prefects (2016):
1028/5568

City Councilors (2016):
7551/56810
Number of members 2,163,046 (April 2020)
Website www.mdb.org.br

The Movimento Democrático Brasileiro ( MDB , German  Brazilian Democratic Movement ) is a political party in Brazil . From 1980 to 2017 it was known as the Partido do Movimento Democrático Brasileiro (PMDB) .

The MDB does not have a clearly defined ideology, but unites politicians with different political orientations. It positions itself in the political center and tries to address as many voters as possible, regardless of their political views, so in political science language it is a catch-all party .

Unusually, since 1985 it has also included the former left-wing extremist guerrilla movement Movimento Revolucionário 8 de Outubro (MR-8). So far, the MDB has always tried to cooperate with the respective government, regardless of which party it is provided by, and not to go into the opposition. She hopes to be taken into account in the allocation of offices and the provision of local public goods in her constituencies in exchange for approval of government policy.

history

The party was founded on January 15, 1980 as PMDB and emerged from the Movimento Democrático Brasileiro (MDB) party founded in 1966 . During the military dictatorship from 1965 onwards, this was the only admitted opposition to the ruling party Aliança Renovadora Nacional (ARENA). In 1979 other parties were admitted and the MDB became the PMDB. Many MDB politicians joined other now legal parties. In 1985 Tancredo Neves was elected president of the PMDB by the electoral college. He was unable to take office due to a fatal illness and the elected vice-president, his party friend José Sarney , took over the office. Sarney ran the country until 1990.

In the elections to the Chamber of Deputies in 2002, the PMDB obtained 13.4% of the vote and 74 of the 513 seats, making it the third strongest force behind Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT) and Partido da Frente Liberal (PFL). In the Senate, she became the strongest force with 19 seats and the biggest gains, on par with the PFL. In the presidential elections held at the same time, the PMDB put Rita Camata as the candidate for the office of Vice President in the electoral alliance with José Serra of the Social Democrats . However, this was subject to Lula da Silva from the social democratic PT. In Lula's first term in office, the PMDB moved closer to the government, and parts of it supported it in parliamentary votes.

In the 2006 elections , the PMDB gained 13.6% and gained 15 seats, but lost a total of 4 in the Senate, making it the strongest parliamentary group in the Chamber of Deputies. However, it did not take part in the presidential elections, and parts of the party supported Lula's re-election. The PMDB was also involved in government in Lula's second term, although several of its senators were in opposition to the government.

In the 2010 elections , the PMDB joined the electoral alliance around Dilma Rousseff and the PT for the presidential election and nominated Michel Temer as the candidate for the vice-presidency. In the Senate, the PMDB defended its position as the largest parliamentary group and gained two additional seats, in the Chamber of Deputies it lost this position to the PT because it had lost ten seats.

In the 2014 elections , the PMDB was again part of the PT-led block that supported the re-election of Dilma Rousseff. The party suffered losses in both chambers of parliament, defending 66 seats in the House of Representatives (a loss of 13 seats) and 18 in the Senate (two fewer than before). However, the PMDB continues to be the largest Senate and the second largest chamber parliamentary group.

At the end of March 2016, the PMDB left the government coalition with the PT of President Dilma Rousseff, who was threatened with impeachment proceedings. The PMDB move is seen by some as a kind of “ coup d'état ”, as the PMDB chairman and vice-president Michel Temer Rousseff has inherited through the impeachment .

The PMDB provides the governors of the states of Alagoas , Espírito Santo , Rio de Janeiro , Rio Grande do Sul , Rondônia , Sergipe and Tocantins .

According to a list by the non-governmental organization Movimento de Combate à Corrupção Eleitoral (MCCE), the PMDB was behind Democratas the party with the second highest number of corruption cases between 2000 and 2010. During this time, 66 politicians across the country lost their mandate because of corruption allegations.

Prominent members

Web links

Commons : Movimento Democrático Brasileiro  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Deputado Baleia Rossi é eleito presidente nacional do MDB. In: globo.com. G1 , October 6, 2019, accessed May 10, 2020 (Brazilian Portuguese).
  2. ↑ Tribunal Superior Eleitoral: Estatísticas de eleitorado - Filiados. Retrieved May 10, 2020 (Brazilian Portuguese).
  3. ^ A b Juan Albarracín: Political parties and party system. In: The Political System of Brazil. VS Verlag, Wiesbaden 2012, p. 159.
  4. ↑ Coalition party breaks government alliance: Brazil's crisis is coming to a head at tagesschau.de, March 30, 2016 (accessed March 30, 2016).
  5. ↑ O ranking since cassação - Desde 2000, 623 políticos foram cassados. THE lidera ranking. May 13, 2010.