Palais Rohan (Strasbourg)
The Rohan Palace ( French : Palais Rohan ) is one of the most important buildings in the city of Strasbourg in Alsace . According to the widespread art-historical view, it is not only the highlight of local Baroque architecture , but has also housed three of the city's most important museums since the end of the 19th century: the Archaeological Museum ( Musée archéologique ; in the basement), the Museum of Applied Arts ( Musée des Arts décoratifs ; im Ground floor) and the Museum of Fine Arts ( Musée des Beaux-arts ; on the first and second floors). The city gallery Robert Heitz is also located in a side wing .
historical overview
The palace was built from 1731 to 1742 on behalf of Cardinal Armand-Gaston-Maximilien de Rohan-Soubise by the architect Joseph Massol (1706–1771) based on a design by Robert de Cotte on the spot where the former archiepiscopal residence had risen , the so-called Palatium (built from 1262). The new palace served the four (from 1704 to 1803) successive prince-bishops and cardinals from the Rohan family as the city residence, while Mutzig and Saverne were the prince-bishop's country seats.
In 1744, Louis XV. in the palace, in 1770 Marie-Antoinette on her bridal procession from Vienna to Versailles . In 1805, 1806 and 1809 Napoleon Bonaparte stayed in the palace and had some rooms redesigned to suit his taste and that of his wife Joséphine de Beauharnais . In 1810 his future second wife Marie-Louise of Austria spent her first night on French soil in the palace. In 1828 King Charles X stayed there.
From 1872 to 1898 the palace served as the main building of the now Imperial German University of Strasbourg until the new Kaiser-Wilhelms-Universität was built . From 1898, and in the course of the restoration of the city's art collections, which had been completely destroyed in the Franco-Prussian War (which had previously been stored in the Aubette on Kléberplatz, which burned down on August 24, 1870 after the Prussian artillery bombardment ), the palace became the seat of the now imperial museums of Strasbourg.
On August 11, 1944, the building was damaged by British and American bombs. The restoration of the premises was not completed until the 1990s.
investment
The palace, built on an almost square base area sloping towards the Ill, is structured around an inner courtyard divided into three by a gallery. To the south of it and across the entire width of the building, the archbishop's princely main wing extends with its two representative classicist facades. The most elaborately designed and more overwhelming in terms of the overall impression is the facade facing the Ill, in front of which a small flat terrace with wrought iron grids extends on both sides. The courtyard gate to the minster is designed as a wide, curved structure with a religious programmatic sculpture roof.
The archiepiscopal princely apartments, which can now be viewed in almost their original condition, are divided into Grand appartement (showrooms, facing the river) and Petit appartement (living rooms, facing the inner courtyard) , as in the Palace of Versailles . On both sides of the two suites of rooms are the two most spacious rooms in the palace, the dining room and the library, both of which extend along the entire longitudinal axis of the wing. The library also serves as a nave for the very small palace chapel.
literature
- Étienne Martin, Marc Walter: Le Palais Rohan. Musées de la Ville de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, ISBN 978-2-35125-098-3 .
- Roland Recht, Georges Foessel, Jean-Pierre Klein: Connaître Strasbourg. Cathédrale, musées, églises, monuments, palais et maisons, places et rues. Alsatia, Strasbourg 1988, ISBN 2-7032-0185-0 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ The baldachin room ( Memento of the original from March 5, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ The Napoleon Room ( Memento of the original from April 6, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Coordinates: 48 ° 34 ′ 52 " N , 7 ° 45 ′ 8" E