Armored heads

Armored heads
Sailfin tank head ( Evistias acutirostris )
Systematics
Sub-cohort : Neoteleostei Acanthomorphata Spinefish (Acanthopterygii) Perch relatives (Percomorphaceae) Order : Pempheriformes Family : Armored heads
Scientific name
Pentacerotidae
Günther , 1859

The armored heads (Pentacerotidae) ( Syn. Histiopteridae) are a family of perch-related fish. They live in the Indo-Pacific and in the southwestern Atlantic in cool, deeper water from 50 to 600 meters. The fish are mainly found on the continental slopes and over seamounts . Otherwise they live pelagic .

features

Armored heads have a high back, laterally flattened shape, the head is protected with bony plates. The mouth is terminal, the scales very small. The dorsal fin is greatly enlarged in some species. The fish are 25 centimeters to one meter long. The number of vertebrae is from 24 to 27.

Fin formula : dorsal fin IV – XV / 8–29, anal fin II – V / 6–17, ventral fin I / 5

Systematics

Zanclistius elevatus

Pelagic armored head ( Pentaceros richardsoni )

There are 13 species in 7 genera and two subfamilies:

• Subfamily Histiopterinae , vomer toothless.
  • Genus Evistias Jordan , 1907
    • Sailfin armored head ( Evistias acutirostris ( Temminck & Schlegel , 1844) )
  • Genus Histiopterus Temminck & Schlegel , 1844
    • Histiopterus typus Temminck & Schlegel , 1844
  • Genus Parazanclistius Hardy , 1983
    • Parazanclistius hutchinsi Hardy , 1983
  • Genus Paristiopterus Bleeker , 1876
    • Paristiopterus gallipavo Whitley , 1944
    • Paristiopterus labiosus ( Günther , 1872)
  • Genus Pentaceropsis Steindachner in Steindachner & Döderlein , 1883
    • Pentaceropsis recurvirostris ( Richardson , 1845)
  • Genus Zanclistius Jordan , 1907
    • Zanclistius elevatus ( Ramsay & Ogilby , 1888)
• Subfamily Pentacerotinae , vomer with teeth.
  • Genus Pentaceros Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes , 1829
    • Pentaceros capensis Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes , 1829
    • Pentaceros decacanthus Günther , 1859
    • Pentaceros japonicus Steindachner , 1883
    • Pentaceros quinquespinis Parin & Kotlyar , 1988
    • Pelagic tank head ( Pentaceros richardsoni ( Smith , 1844) )
    • Pentaceros wheeleri Hardy , 1983

The sister species of the Pentacerotidae is probably the banjo fish .

literature

• Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World . John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7 .
• Hans A. Baensch / Robert A. Patzner: Mergus Sea Water Atlas Volume 7 Perciformes (perch-like) , Mergus-Verlag, Melle, ISBN 3-88244-107-0 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Seong-Yong Kim: Phylogenetic Systematics of the Family Pentacerotidae (Actinopterygii: Order Perciformes). Zootaxa 3366, 2012, ISSN  1175-5334 PDF
2. ↑ R. Betancur-R. et al .: New and Revised Classification of Bony Fishes Based on Molecular Data - Version 2 ( Memento of the original dated December 12, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (November 27, 2013) 

Web links

Commons : Armored Heads (Pentacerotidae)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Armored Heads on Fishbase.org (English)