Pass Luftenstein
| Luftenstein pass ( valley pass ) |
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| height | 648 m above sea level A. | ||
| state | Salzburg | ||
| Waters | Saalach | ||
| Valley locations | Saint Martin near Lofer | Lofer | |
| expansion | Pinzgauer Strasse (B 311) | ||
| Built | Bronze Age settlement traces | ||
| profile | |||
| Max. Incline | 1.3% | ||
| Map (Salzburg) | |||
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| Coordinates | 47 ° 33 '36 " N , 12 ° 43' 3" E | ||
The Luftenstein Pass is located in the northern Saalachtal in the municipality of Sankt Martin bei Lofer in the state of Salzburg in Austria .
The Luftenstein pass is a valley pass at a height of 648 m above sea level. An important state road, the Pinzgauer Straße (B 311), which connects Lofer with Bischofshofen , leads over the pass . To the south of the pass there was a historically interesting fortification, Luftenstein Castle, which fell victim to road straightening in 1974. Small remains of the castle are still preserved along the road. Pension Pass Luftenstein is also reminiscent of this complex .
history
The location of the pass is identified as an old settlement area by a Bronze Age depot find .
Around 1200 the name of an Ulricus de Lufstan (also called Loferstein or Luftenstein ) is mentioned. From 1228 this area is owned by Salzburg. 1250 Salzburg belehnte Elect Philip of Spanheim the Count Otto and Conrad of Plain with a feud that already her uncle Leutold of Plain held ( citra turrim Louer ). After the end of the Plainer, Albero and Otto von Walchen bought Luftenstein. Because of a falling out between the two brothers, Otto von Walchen prevented his brother from using his share in the Loufstein tower . After the death of both brothers, the property passed to the Archdiocese of Salzburg . In the middle of the 14th century the seat of the land and land judge of Lofer was established here. The keeper moved to Lofer at the end of the 16th century, but was allowed to keep the usufruct of the tower and the associated Meierhof as part of his pay. The place of execution belonging to the nursing court was then on the road to Unken (today kilometer 120.2) and is still called Galgenanger today . There is a stone block on which the judgments were carried out. During the Peasants' War 1525–1526, Luftenstein was destroyed, but then rebuilt. In the following period (1597, 1606) the complex was mentioned several times.
In 1621, Prince Archbishop Paris Lodron had the fortifications expanded to protect it during the Thirty Years' War . Also in 1645 the entrenchments at the fortifications on the tower of Lofer were reinforced and occupied by 18 men. The tenant of the Luftenstein dairy had moved into the tower because of the poor structural condition of the farmhouse. In 1634 a fire broke out in the kitchen due to the carelessness of the farmer's wife, which could only be put out after the citizens of Lofer intervened; the wooden superstructures of the tower were destroyed. Because of two cracks in the walls, the court builder Santino Solari had to draw up an appraisal for the reconstruction.
During the War of the Spanish Succession (1700–1703) the tower was handed over to the countryside , where two men were used to patrol. In the 18th century, intermediate and by- means were lifted into Unterluftenstein . The salt export to Tyrol and the beer exports to Pinzgau were controlled . The castle and pass Luftenstein remained under the command of a corporal . In 1778 the court war council rejected the landscape's request to dissolve Luftenstein.
During the French Wars, the Luftenstein Pass was fiercely contested. The captain of the second Pillerseer rifle company, Christian Blattl , had the pass fortified again and thus managed to repel all attacks on the Luftenstein pass (victory on May 13, 1809).
After the conquest by the Bavarians and the French in 1809, the fortifications there were demolished. However, the final destruction did not take place until 1974 due to the construction of the road, during which it was neglected to examine the outworks and ramparts on the orographically right bank of the Saalach . In the area of the former fortifications, a memorial was erected in 1905 to commemorate the defenders Anton Hermann Rauchbichler , Leis, Anton Wallner , Johann Panzl and their officers and brothers in arms from 1809.
literature
- Friederike Zaisberger & Walter Schlegel : Castles and palaces in Salzburg. Pongau, Pinzgau, Lungau . Birch series, Vienna 1978, ISBN 3-85030-037-4 .