Paul Friedrich (geologist)

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Alexander Paul Friedrich (born June 4, 1856 in Kreypau , † February 21, 1918 in Lübeck ) was a German geologist and high school teacher.

Life

Paul Friedrich was a son of the mill owner Carl Wilhelm Friedrich and his wife Friederike Henriette, née Hoffmann from Gröbers . He studied at a primary and secondary school in Halle an der Saale and from 1868 to 1875 at a secondary school in Eisenach . In 1875 he began studying mathematics and natural sciences in Halle. He received his PhD in 1878 with Karl von Fritsch Dr. phil. In his dissertation he described "The red lying and the basic igneous rocks around the Great Inselberg". In 1879 he passed the state examination and received a license to teach chemistry, descriptive natural sciences and geography. He was allowed to teach all classes, but not beyond the quarters in mathematics.

Friedrich then worked for a year as an assistant at the mineralogical institute at the University of Halle. In 1879 he went to the Prussian State Geological Institute in Berlin as an assistant and was given a position in the paleobotanical collection. During this time he dealt extensively with the tertiary flora of the province of Saxony in paleobotanical terms. He later published the knowledge he gained in this way in Lübeck. From the beginning of 1880 he went through a year of probation at the Friedrich-Werderscher Gewerbeschule, where he taught as an assistant teacher in several natural science subjects. From Easter 1882 to 1972 he worked as a teacher at the Katharineum in Lübeck , until 1900 as a senior teacher, then as a high school professor .

Likewise, Friedrich was a valued member in the for -profit company to transport activity belonging Association of Geographical Society of Luebeck .

From 1899 to 1911 he was> a member of the Lübeck Medical College and had also been a member of the authority of the Lübeck Maritime School since 1899.

The Natural Science Association in Hamburg appointed him a corresponding member in 1909 .

In the north and south of the former Lübeck area there are terminal moraines from the village of Tramm to the south moraine and from Ivendorf to the northernmost edge of the north moraine. The moraines are on average about 35 km apart. Teschow , Ivendorf , Offendorf, Ratekau and Pansdorf form the northern edge of the northern main terminal moraine . Its middle season leads the peculiarity of the Lübeck Os to Siems , Pöppendorf to Waldhusen, discovered as such by Friedrich in 1911 between 5 and 6 km long sixfold openwork .

Due to health problems, he retired in 1917 after more than 35 years of employment. He died in 1918 after a lengthy lung disease.

At the ceremony of its 40th anniversary on February 3, 1922, the Geographical Society of Lübeck commemorated its two members who had died in the previous ten years.

Friedrich was married to Luise Anna Amalie Reus (born June 26, 1860 in Weimar ; † February 21, 1938 in Lübeck), with whom he had a son.

Scientific work

Friedrich has been interested in the natural sciences since he took natural history lessons from Ferdinand Senft in Eisenach. During his studies in Halle he intensified his research and took part in particular in geological excursions and lectures. He came to study geography through geology and alternately attended school and scientific lectures during geographic exercises. These largely formed the basis for his later work as a teacher. His lessons in geography and natural history were based on the "geographical principles" of Alfred Kirchhoff and Karl Theodor Liebe . During class, he often gave his students the opportunity to participate in his botanical and geological surveys and to get them excited about the natural sciences.

After Friedrich had completed his palaeobotanical work on the tertiary flora of Saxony, which he had started in Halle, he comprehensively recorded the city flora of Lübeck from 1889 to 1900. His most important work dealt with the geology of the region. Obituaries name 47 scientific publications, 34 of them on geology. Mostly it was about hydrogeological topics, then about mineral resources, to aspects of engineering, general and Quaternary geology and stratigraphy. He also mapped.

Friedrich wrote a monograph on the subsoil of Oldesloe and the history of the former saltworks there, which went to print in 1900 in 1902. For the German Geographers' Day, which took place in Lübeck in 1909, he published the text “The geological structure of the city of Lübeck and its surroundings “, In which he summarized the results of his research that he had gathered over a period of almost thirty years. An enclosed geological map of the urban area with layers of clay and peat and bog in the Traven lowlands was particularly important. In particular, a violent dispute broke out with Curt Gagel about the structure of the reservoir deposits around Lübeck . The geological map published in 1915 on a scale of 1: 25,000 bears the names of Cagels and Friedrichs, with the share of the latter being particularly emphasized.

Friedrich's study of "The relationship between our deeper, artesian groundwater and the Baltic Sea" dates from 1916. In it, he presented precise measurement results from tensioned to artesian groundwater levels from selected Lübeck wells and was able to prove that there is a hydraulic connection with the Baltic Sea. In the following year his most important work appeared on "The Groundwater Conditions in the City of Lübeck and Its Surroundings". He finished the correction shortly before the end of his life.

Due to numerous construction and drilling operations, Friedrich worked as a scientific specialist geologist. He carried out his studies in earth outcrops in canal construction, traverse deepening, the renovation of the Lübeck train station , the construction of new industrial plants and numerous construction projects in Lübeck. His most important texts were to be found in the "Communications of the Geographical Society and the Natural History Museum in Lübeck". His literature lists on Lübeck regional studies also appeared in this sheet. For the period up to 1900 they are now considered an important bibliographic tool.

Honors

  • On the occasion of its 25th anniversary, the Geographical Society of Lübeck made him an honorary member
  • on the Brodtener Ufer stands a boulder with the inscription : "To the Lübeck geologist Paul Friedrich"

literature

  • Eckehard P. Löhnert: Friedrich, Paul . in: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1982–2011. Vol. 12 - 2006. ISBN 3-529-02560-7 , pages 126-128.
  • Professor Dr. Paul Friedrichs. In: Lübeckische Blätter , Vol. 59, No. 39, edition of September 30, 1917, pp. 490–493.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Eckehard P. Löhnert: Friedrich, Paul . in: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1982–2011. Vol. 12 - 2006. ISBN 3-529-02560-7 , page 126.
  2. ↑ Prof. Dr. 75 years old without care. In: Lübeckische Blätter , 72nd volume, no. 30, edition of July 27, 1930, pp. 485–493.
  3. ↑ Professor Dr. Paul Friedrichs. In: Lübeckische Blätter , Vol. 59, No. 39, edition of September 30, 1917, pp. 490–493.
  4. ^ Eckehard P. Löhnert: Friedrich, Paul . in: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1982–2011. Vol. 12 - 2006. ISBN 3-529-02560-7 , page 126.
  5. ↑ a b Geographical Society. In: Lübeckische Blätter , 64th year, no. 7, edition of February 12, 1922, pp. 50–51.
  6. ^ Eckehard P. Löhnert: Friedrich, Paul . in: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1982–2011. Vol. 12 - 2006. ISBN 3-529-02560-7 , page 126.
  7. ^ Eckehard P. Löhnert: Friedrich, Paul . in: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1982–2011. Vol. 12 - 2006. ISBN 3-529-02560-7 , pages 126-127.
  8. ^ Eckehard P. Löhnert: Friedrich, Paul . in: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1982–2011. Vol. 12 - 2006. ISBN 3-529-02560-7 , page 127.
  9. ^ Eckehard P. Löhnert: Friedrich, Paul . in: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1982–2011. Vol. 12 - 2006. ISBN 3-529-02560-7 , page 127.
  10. ^ Eckehard P. Löhnert: Friedrich, Paul . in: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1982–2011. Vol. 12 - 2006. ISBN 3-529-02560-7 , pages 127-128.
  11. ^ Eckehard P. Löhnert: Friedrich, Paul . in: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1982–2011. Vol. 12 - 2006. ISBN 3-529-02560-7 , page 128.
  12. ^ Geographical Society. In: Lübeckische Blätter ; 49th volume, number 8, edition of February 24, 1907, pp. 98-99.
personal data
SURNAME Friedrich, Paul
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Friedrich, Alexander Paul (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German geologist and high school teacher
DATE OF BIRTH June 4, 1856
PLACE OF BIRTH Kreypau
DATE OF DEATH February 21, 1918
Place of death Lübeck