Paul Haviland
Paul Burty Haviland , also Paul B. Haviland, (born June 17, 1880 in Paris , † December 21, 1950 in Yzeures-sur-Creuse ) was an American-French photographer , writer and art critic of the early 20th century who worked closely with Alfred Stieglitz and the Photo Secession was connected.
Life
Paul Haviland was the son of Charles Edward Haviland (1839-1921) and Madeleine Burty (1860-1900). His father was the owner of the famous Haviland & Co. porcelain factory in Limoges , and his mother was the daughter of the art critic Philippe Burty . Thanks to his very wealthy family, he came into contact with art, music and theater at an early age. Pierre-Auguste Renoir created a portrait of the boy at the age of four.
After studying at the University of Paris , he studied from 1899 to 1902 at Harvard University in Cambridge . After graduation he worked in New York from 1901 as a representative in the father's porcelain company, but spent little time in the office.
At the beginning of 1908 he and his brother Frank , who was a painter, visited the exhibition of Rodin's drawings in the Little Galleries of the Photo-Secession, later Gallery 291 , where he met Alfred Stieglitz. Both brothers acquired works from the exhibition, and Haviland had long conversations about art and culture with Stieglitz, whose gallery he saw as "a unique oasis of cultivation" and where he spent a lot of time. A few months later, the gallery was to be closed due to a substantial rent increase. Without informing Stieglitz, Haviland contacted the landlord and signed a three-year contract for larger rooms in the same building.
From 1909 Haviland wrote columns for Stieglitz 'magazine Camera Work , and in October of that year his photograph Portrait - Miss GG was published in issue 28. A year later he became co-editor, also acted as secretary of Gallery 291 and helped organize exhibitions of French artists.
In 1912 Haviland won first prize at the annual John Wanamaker Exhibition of Photographs in Philadelphia, in which Stieglitz was a juror. A few months later, six more photographs were published in Camera Work (No. 39, 1912). A year later, he and Marius de Zayas wrote one of the first extensive essays on modern art, A Study of the Modern Evolution of Plastic Expression (New York, 1913).
In 1915, Haviland and other employees at Galerie 291, Agnes E. Meyer and de Zayas, who were dissatisfied with the development of the gallery, proposed the establishment of a new photo magazine. As a driving force, he became one of the editors and authors of the magazine, which was titled like Gallery 291 .
A year later, in 1916, his father called him back to France because he was needed in the family business in Limoges. The following year he married Suzanne Lalique , the daughter of the well-known glass designer and Art Nouveau artist René Lalique . Suzanne Lalique had already worked artistically in her father's company at the age of 17 and later continued her work for the Haviland porcelain factory. Their son Jack was born in 1918 and their daughter Nicole in 1923. Paul Haviland corresponded constantly with Stieglitz, but never returned to New York for professional and family reasons - Haviland's father died in 1921.
For several years, Haviland was involved in legal disputes over the ownership structure of the family business. When they were settled in 1925, he bought a 17th-century monastery, Le Prieuré de la Mothe, with the share he had paid out. He converted the surrounding area into a wine-growing area and worked until the end of his life as a hobby winemaker who produced his own wine. In June 1943 he received French citizenship, which he had applied for in 1930.
Paul Haviland died in 1950 on his estate in Yzeures-sur-Creuse .
Appreciation and legacy
From 1941 to 1943, the Haviland couple hid their family friend, the French painter Georges Picard , who had been evicted as a Jew from his residence in Obernai in Alsace , in his house and arranged for Picard to be in the Yzeures cemetery after his death -sur-Creuse was buried with perpetual right of rest. In 2007 Paul Haviland was posthumously awarded the “Médaille des Justes parmi les Nations” ( Righteous Among the Nations ) of the State of Israel .
In early 2012, the gallery owner and publisher Serge Aboukrat donated Picard's estate of letters and other papers to the Mémorial de la Shoah , a museum and documentation center of the Holocaust in Paris. The collection was put together by the Haviland's daughter, Nicole Maritch-Haviland. The photographic estate can be found in the Musée d'Orsay , Paris.
plant
| New York at Night |
|---|
| Paul Haviland , 1914 |
| photography |
|
Link to the picture |
In 1908, after meeting Stieglitz, Haviland became a dedicated photographer. His early work reflects its influence: blurred figures, coming out of the semi-darkness, inspired by Japonism and the painter Whistler . In the summer of 1909, Haviland photographed New York at night time. His work shows the direct connection to his predecessors, the British Paul Marston (1864–1942), the creator of London by Gaslight (1896) and Stieglitz, who took photographs of the metropolis of New York as early as 1897. The photographs show Haviland's interest in electric lighting, most of the time he held the camera directly in the light. With the motif of the night club "Rector's" he tried to catch both the light around the street lamps and the reflections on the wet asphalt. The series of New York Night Pictures was the beginning of Haviland's turn towards an aestheticism that was at the same time rougher, closer to the snapshot and geometric. The direction found its completion in photographs of the streets, roofs and the harbor of New York in the years 1910 to 1914. Although he continued to create portraits in France after the First World War , they no longer had the quality of his New York photographs. Paul Haviland's work is attributed to the art-photographic style of pictorialism .
literature
- Serge Aboukrat: Paul Burty Haviland - photographe. Ginkgo, Paris 2009, ISBN 978-2-84679-066-6 (French).
- Françoise Heilbrun: Paul Burty Haviland (1880–1950), photographe . Catalog for the exhibition at the Musée d'Orsay , Paris, from October 16, 1996 to January 5, 1997, Reunion des musees nationaux 1996, ISBN 2-7118-3484-0
- Nicole Maritch-Haviland, Catherine de Léobardy: Lalique, Haviland, Burty: portraits de famille . Les Ardents Editeurs, Limoges 2009, ISBN 978-2-917032-11-4
Web links
- Haviland's works are not yet allowed to be shown on the German Wikipedia for copyright reasons.
- Photographs from the Paul Burty Haviland Fund in the Musée d'Orsay
- Paul Haviland at photography-now.com
- Genealogy of the Haviland / de Havilland families : including Olivia de Havilland and Geoffrey de Havilland
Individual evidence
- ↑ Paul Haviland , musee-orsay.fr, accessed on January 27, 2013
- ^ A b Richard Whelan: Alfred Stieglitz: A Biography . NY: Little, Brown, 1995, pp. 241-242.
- ^ Weston Naef: The Collection of Alfred Stieglitz - Fifty Pioneers of Modern Photography . NY: Viking, 1978, pp. 368-369.
- ↑ Frank Burty Haviland , musee-ceret.com, accessed January 22, 2013
- ↑ Katherine Hoffman: Goldfinch: A Beginning Light . New Haven: Yale University Press Studio, 2004, pp. 262-264.
- ↑ Mademoiselle Lalique's colorful life , guardian.co.uk, accessed January 22, 2013
- ↑ Quoted from the web link photographs from the Paul Burty Haviland Fund in the Musée d'Orsay , photo no. 6
- ↑ Paul Haviland , musee-orsay.fr, accessed on January 27, 2013
- ↑ Paul Burty Haviland décoré de la médaille des Justes à titre posthumous ( Memento of 16 November 2012 at the Internet Archive ), photosapiens.com, accessed on January 23, 2013
- ↑ Georges Picard entre au Mémorial de la Shoah , connaissancedesarts.com, accessed on January 23, 2013
- ^ Musée d'Orsay: Paul Haviland Rector's. Retrieved January 23, 2013
- ↑ Quoted from the Smithsonian American Art Museum web link
- ↑ See web link photography-now.com, Fig. Florence Peterson in kimono with flowers , 1909/1910
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Haviland, Paul |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Haviland, Paul Burty (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | American painter and photographer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | June 17, 1880 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Paris |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 21, 1950 |
| Place of death | Yzeures-sur-Creuse |