Pavel Grigoryevich Antokolski

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Pavel Grigorievich Antokolski ( Russian Павел Григорьевич Антокольский ; scientific. Transliteration Pavel Grigor'evic Antokol'skij ; born June 19, jul. / 1. July  1896 greg. In St. Petersburg , died on 9. October 1978 in Moscow ) was a Russian-Soviet poet , translator and playwright. He was a younger relative of the sculptor Mark Antokolski (1843-1902).

P. Antokolski (signature)

life and work

Pawel Antokolski first studied law for a few semesters at the "Law Faculty" of Moscow University and in 1922 published his first book of poems. He worked until 1934 as a director at Moscow's Vakhtangov - Theater and headed into the war years , a Front Theater . During the Second World War , during which he worked as a front-line reporter , Antokolski's works were dedicated to the tragedy and heroism of the Jewish people. His poem Syn (Russian Сын "The Son", 1943) emerged from the pain of his son Vladimir (1923–1942) who died in the war and contains a passionate condemnation of fascism .

He and Weniamin Kawerin contributed to the Black Book about the uprising in the Sobibor extermination camp . He begins with the following words:

"Собиборский лагерь смерти, наряду с лагерями на Майданеке, в Треблинке, Белжеце, Освенциме, был создан немцами с целью организованного массового уничтожения еврейского населения Европы. Он был расположен на огромной площади в лесу, рядом с полустанком Собибор. »

"The death camp of Sobibor , together with the camps of Majdanek , Treblinka , Belzec and Auschwitz by the Germans with the aim of systematic mass destruction created the Jewish population of Europe. It was in a huge area in the forest near the Sobibor train station. "

He took a critical look at the Stalin era and the blood of the Lubyanka in his much-discussed poem (from 1956, the year of Khrushchev's secret speech ), which begins with an allusion to the Stalin Prize he received .

Pawel Antokolski is buried in the Wostryakovo cemetery in Moscow , next to his second wife, the actress Soja K. Baschanowa (1902–1968), who died ten years before him .

Editions of his Collected Works appeared in two volumes ( Isbrannije Proiswedenija , 1961, Moscow) and four volumes ( Sobranije sotschineni , 1971-1973), and one volume of his poems and poems ( Stichotworenija i poemy , 1982).

Translations of his poetry have been included in various German-language anthologies of Russian poetry.

He has translated various works from French into Russian , including by Victor Hugo Le dernier jour d'un condamné (The last day of a condemned man) and Le roi s'amuse (The king has fun).

Works (selection)

  • The West Zapad (1926)
  • Robespierre and the Gorgons Робеспьер и Горгона (1928)
  • The Commune of 1871 ( Kommuna 71 goda Коммуна 1871 года ) (1933)
  • François Villon Франсуа Вийон (1934)
  • Pushkin year Пушкинский год (1938)
  • Syn (The Son) Сын (1943)
  • Newetschnaja pamjat Невечная память ( Ephemeral Memory) (1946)
  • In an alley by the Arbat В переулке за Арбатом (1954)
  • Atelier Мастерская (1958)

literature

  • Wassili Grossman , Ilja Ehrenburg (ed.): The Black Book - The Genocide of the Soviet Jews. Rowohlt-Verlag, Hamburg 1994, ISBN 3-498-01655-5 . (Editor of the German edition: Arno Lustiger )
  • Arno Lustiger : Rotbuch: Stalin and the Jews. The tragic story of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee and the Soviet Jews . Aufbau-Verlag, Berlin 1998, ISBN 3-351-02478-9 . 2nd A. 2002
  • Harri Jünger (ed.): Literatures of the peoples of the Soviet Union. Leipzig 1967, 2nd edition Leipzig 1968. Article: Pawel Grigorjewitch Antokolski (from Schau. = Dr. G. Schaumann (Jena))
  • Maxim D. Shrayer: An Anthology of Jewish-Russian Literature: Two Centuries of Dual Identity in Prose and Poetry. 2006 ( partial online view )
  • Victor Terras (Ed.): Handbook of Russian Literature . 1985 ( partial online view )

Web links

References and comments

  1. Ilja Ehrenburg , Wassili Grossman (ed.): The black book: the genocide of the Soviet Jews. German translation of the complete version, edited by Arno Lustiger . Rowohlt, Reinbek 1994, ISBN 3-498-01655-5 .
  2. Das Schwarzbuch , German, p. 862 ff.
  3. In the Russian-language edition from 1980, p. 379; vtoraya-literatura.com (PDF).
  4. Pawel Antokolski & Weniamin Kawerin: "The uprising in Sobibor " (beginning)
  5. "Мы все - лауреаты премий, Врученных в честь него, Спокойно шедшие сквозь время, Которое мертво"; see. the recitation of the poem on a Russian TV show, at youtube.com . - Translated into German in: Russische Lyrik (anthology), Efim Etkind (ed.), Piper, 1987, p. 432 f.
  6. z. B.
    • Russian Poetry: Poems from 3rd Centuries. Selected and introduced by Efim Etkind . 2nd Edition. New edition (1st edition), 5. – 8. Th., (1. – 4. Th. Of this edition) Piper, Munich / Zurich 1987
    • Star flight and apple blossom. Russian poetry from 1917 to 1963 (anth.) Berlin 1963
    • He was my friend, my comrade in arms: Poetry from the Great Patriotic War , ed. by Günter Alder. Berlin: Military Publishing House of the German Democratic Republic . 1987 ( table of contents , excerpts from: The Son & In This War)
  7. ^ Reviews: A. Kuchenbecker, in: Die Zeit , December 3, 1998; Leonid Luks in FAZ, November 26, 1998.