Pentoxyverine

Structural formula
General
Non-proprietary name	Pentoxyverine
other names	2- (2-Diethylaminoethoxy) ethyl-1-phenylcyclopentane-1-carboxylate ( IUPAC )
Molecular formula	C 20 H 31 NO 3
External identifiers / databases
EC number	201-014-1
ECHA InfoCard	100,000,923
PubChem	2562
ChemSpider	2464
DrugBank	DB11186
Wikidata	Q174786
Drug information
ATC code	R05 DB05
Drug class	Antitussive
properties
Molar mass	333.47 g · mol -1
safety instructions
	Please note the exemption from the labeling requirement for drugs, medical devices, cosmetics, food and animal feed
GHS labeling of hazardous substances Citrate salt; Caution
H and P phrases	H: 302-312-315-319-332-335
	P: 261-280-305 + 351 + 338
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Pentoxyverine is a drug that is used as a cough suppressant (antitussive). In contrast to antitussives from the opioid group such as codeine , dihydrocodeine and hydrocodone , pentoxyverine has hardly any respiratory depressive effects. Pentoxyverine is available in Germany as a pharmacy-only , but not prescription- only drug as juice, drops, capsules and suppositories.

pharmacology

Recent studies have shown that pentoxyverine acts as an agonist at sigma receptors (see Sigma-1 receptor ) (a more well-known example of a sigma agonist would be opipramol ). Furthermore, it has an antagonistic effect on muscarinic M1 receptors (e.g. Biperiden ). Both mechanisms have the consequence that the activity of certain neurons is dampened, which leads to the antitussive effect.

Side effects

Gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea , vomiting and diarrhea , occasionally tiredness and, very rarely, anaphylactic reactions have been observed with the use of pentoxyverine . Seizures and respiratory depression can very rarely occur, especially in small children . Pentoxyverine impairs the ability to drive.

Interactions

If central sedatives, sleeping pills or narcotics (painkillers) are administered at the same time, attention should be paid to possible additive effects.

Contraindications

The following are absolute contraindications:

pregnancy, as there are no empirical values and a risk cannot be excluded
Use in children under 2 years of age because of possible respiratory depressive effects
Angle-closure glaucoma
breastfeeding, as the drug is excreted in breast milk in significant quantities and a risk for the newborn cannot be excluded. Hence, weaning is recommended.

Trade names

Monopreparations

Sedotussin (D, in A except for trade), Silomat (D, A)

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Data sheet Carbetapentane citrate salt from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on August 7, 2014 ( PDF ).
↑ Brown C. et al. Antitussive activity of sigma-1 receptor agonists in the guinea-pig Br J Pharmacol . 2004 Jan; 141 (2): 233-240; PMID 14691051 ; PMC 1574192 (free full text, PDF).
↑ ^a ^b Austria Codex (as of August 19, 2008).
↑ ^a ^b ABDA database (as of August 19, 2008) of DIMDI.

[Sigma-1] Data sheet Carbetapentane citrate salt from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on August 7, 2014 ( PDF ).

[2] Brown C. et al. Antitussive activity of sigma-1 receptor agonists in the guinea-pig Br J Pharmacol . 2004 Jan; 141 (2): 233-240; PMID 14691051 ; PMC 1574192 (free full text, PDF).

[AC-3] Austria Codex (as of August 19, 2008).

[DIMDI-4] ABDA database (as of August 19, 2008) of DIMDI.