Petermann I. von Grünenberg
Knight Petermann I von Grünenberg (* before 1329; † 1375 or 1376) was the son of Baron Arnold I von Grünenberg (before 1295; † 1339/1341) and the very wealthy Adelheid from the Basel knight family of Schaler. By marrying his father under his estate, Petermann was no longer a baron like his ancestors from the noble family of the barons of Grünenberg .
Life
Petermann I. von Grünenberg appears in the documents from 1329. On the side of the Dukes of Austria he took part in the Gümmenenkrieg from 1331 to 1333 and received as a reward for his services from Count Eberhard II of Kyburg together with his cousin Berchtold I 40 silver marks, for which he received the two Twing and Bann von Gondiswil and the court of Madiswil pledged.
Through his marriage to Margaretha von Kien , he came into possession of the castle and lordship of Aarwangen . This inheritance was settled at the instigation of the knight Johann von Aarwangen († January 24, 1350), who renounced everything worldly in 1341 and entered the St. Urban monastery . He appointed his granddaughter, daughter of the Bernese mayor Philipp von Kien (in the mayor's office from 1334 to 1338) and Elisabeth von Aarwangen, with her husband Petermann as heir and entrusted him with the management of pending secular affairs. These included fiefs from John of Luxembourg , King of Bohemia, as well as credits with Emperor Ludwig IV and the French King Philip VI. from Valois . These far-reaching obligations may explain why Petermann will not appear in the area's documents for the next few years.
Only from 1345 can Petermann be found again in smaller shops in Solothurn, Bern and Interlaken. His great career began in 1351 in the service of the Dukes of Austria: he was appointed Vogt of the Unspunnen lordship near Interlaken . In his person a bailiff had been found who, thanks to his relatives as the son-in-law of the former mayor, was acceptable to both the city of Bern and the dukes of Austria. He probably held his office until the beginning of 1353. A little later, perhaps during the siege of Zurich in 1354, Petermann was knighted. In 1360 the dukes transferred the office of Spitzenberg near Langnau in the Emmental to him , which had previously been pledged to Johann von Aarwangen, as a pledge.
The admission as a member of the sworn councilors of the rule of Austria dates back to the 1360s, a position which he held until his death and which allowed him to take part in numerous important negotiations. In 1363 or probably already at the end of 1362, with the permission of the country folk, he was appointed pledge master of the Wolhusen Inner Office, i.e. the Entlebuch region . The bailiwick was in the hands of the knight Peter von Thorberg until 1358, but then had to be redeemed by Duke Rudolf IV of Austria , because he had imposed too heavy taxes on the people. Petermann had to give the Entlebuch back to the hated Thorberger in 1370, probably against the will of the subjects.
Towards the end of 1367, the Habsburg office of Rothenburg with town, castle and customs came into Petermann's possession from his predecessor, Count Johann von Frohburg . A few days later he received confirmation from the dukes Albrecht III. and Leopold III. from Austria with the instruction to use 120 guilders for reinforcement structures.
In 1372 his wife Margaretha received the town of Wangen an der Aare and the Herzogenbuchsee office as a pledge for the loan of 900 guilders from her women's fortune. Petermann supported his wife in this deal with Count Rudolf von Neuenburg-Nidau. They stipulated that if the repayment was delayed, 15 guarantors should be held hostage in Permann's house in Zofingen or that the count should send a servant with a horse.
When the army of Gugler threatened disaster, Petermann was on October 13, 1375 in Baden in his capacity as sworn councilor of the rule of Austria one of the signatories in the defense contract between Duke Leopold III. and the cities of Zurich and Bern, which Solothurn and Lucerne promised to support.
With the advance of the Gugler into the Aare valley, he had to - as part of the "scorched earth tactics" on the orders of Leopold III. - watch his Aarwangen castle go up in flames. He could no longer accept it when the Gugler general, Enguerrand VII. De Coucy , desecrated "his" St. Urban monastery and made it his headquarters. Far inferior in strength, he attacked the Gugler, got into an ambush and had to retreat with heavy losses. It is possible that he was slain by the Guglers while there is evidence that Petermann was no longer alive in April 1376. With this first rearing up of the Grünenberger against the seemingly overpowering opponent, the resistance was aroused: the Guglers were finally defeated in various battles.
Petermann I. von Grünenberg was probably buried like many other members of his family in the family crypt in the St. Urban monastery. His son Ritter Heinzmann donated a year for his father and himself on July 9, 1382 before he left for Pavia to enter the service of Gian Galeazzo Visconti , co-regent of Milan. Petermann's other son Hemmann I, heir to the Aarwangen rulership, also donated a year for father Petermann, mother Margaretha and brother Heinzmann in 1384, who may therefore also no longer be alive at the time.
Marriage and offspring
Petermann I. von Grünenberg married Margaretha von Kien († before 1384), daughter of the knight Philipp von Kien, mayor of Thun and Bern (* before 1309; † after 1360) and Elisabeth von Aarwangen before 1339 . Her sons were:
- Heinzmann ("Heinrich", mentioned from 1362; † before 1384) ∞ Adelheid (II.) Von Hattstatt
- Hemmann I. ("Johann", mentioned from 1341, † between 1419 and 1421) ∞ Anna von Lieli + († before 1400)
supporting documents
literature
- Karl H. Flatt: The Gugler in Oberaargau 600 years ago . In: Yearbook of the Oberaargau . tape 18 . Schelbli + Co., Herzogenbuchsee 1975, p. 93–106 ( digibern.ch [PDF; accessed on January 11, 2010]).
- Max Jufer: The barons of Langenstein-Grünenberg . In: Yearbook of the Oberaargau . tape 37 . Merkur Druck AG, Langenthal 1994 ( digitized from biblio.unibe.ch [PDF]).
- August Plüss: The barons of Grünenberg in Kleinburgund . Inaugural dissertation to obtain a doctorate submitted to the high philosophical faculty of the University of Bern. In: Archives of the Historical Association of the Canton of Bern . Volume XVI, Issue 1. Stämpfli, Bern 1900 ( digitized at E-Periodica.ch ).
Web links
- Franziska Hälg-Steffen: Grünenberg, from. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- Private website about the Barons von Grünenberg
Individual evidence
- ↑ Jufer 1994: p. 159.
- ↑ Jufer 1994: p. 162.
- ↑ Jufer 1994: p. 164.
- ↑ Jufer 1994: p. 161.
- ↑ Jufer 1994: p. 165.
- ↑ Flatt 1975: pp. 101-102; Jufer 1994: p. 168.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Petermann I. von Grünenberg |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Ritter, Vogt in Rothenburg LU |
| DATE OF BIRTH | before 1329 |
| DATE OF DEATH | 1375 or 1376 |