Peterskirche (Bubenheim)

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St. Peters Church

Peterskirche Bubenheim, from the west

Basic data
Denomination Roman Catholic
place Bubenheim, Germany
Patronage Peter
Building history
start of building around 1060
Building description
Architectural style Early Romanesque, Baroque
Construction type Hall construction, roof turret, sacristy extension
Coordinates 49 ° 37 '41.7 "  N , 8 ° 7' 15.2"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 37 '41.7 "  N , 8 ° 7' 15.2"  E
Template: Infobox church building / maintenance / function and title missing
Details
View from the east
inside view
Building inscription from 1163, with relief by the builder Gottfried von Beselich

The St. Peterskirche in Bubenheim is a Romanesque building and the oldest building in the village of Bubenheim in the Donnersbergkreis . It is considered to be the oldest Romanesque village church in the Palatinate .

Building stock

The Catholic branch church, consecrated to St. Peter , is east-facing and is located on the south-eastern outskirts, close to the country road from Biedesheim to Harxheim , which runs past the village . It is located on the southern slope of the Violental (Ammelbachtal) and the terrain slopes down to the north of the building, towards the village of Bubenheim and towards the bottom of the Ammelbach . A strong spring emerges under the church to the north, which is contained and also feeds fish ponds.

It is a uniform Romanesque church without a tower, but with a baroque roof turret. It has a rectangular nave with four window axes with small Romanesque arched windows. They are laid out in the form of an upper aisle . The western part of the nave is separated from the nave and forms a small vestibule. The west facade of the church has a pointed gable and a Romanesque arched portal to the vestibule as the main entrance. It is structured by 5 pilaster strips , which are connected halfway up and at the top by round arch friezes .

The choir has moved in and consists of an almost square yoke with a (later modified) late Gothic cross vault, the round keystone of which is adorned with an angel with the Worms coat of arms . A lower, semi-circular apse with hemispherical vault adjoins the choir . On the outside of the apse there is a lower sloping plinth made of sandstone blocks, above pilaster strips, which are connected at the top by a continuous round arch frieze. There is also a round arch frieze on the south wall of the choir.

From the choir to the apse there is a choir arch inside, whereby the round arch consists of a painting of alternating yellow and red stones. A similar, larger choir arch, but with yellow and red exposed stones, is also available from the nave to the choir. This has a unique peculiarity in the region, which makes the church an extraordinary cultural monument. A stone slab with a majuscule building inscription from 1163 is embedded in the left chancel arch pillar. It also shows a relief image of the builder Gottfried von Beselich , a priest of the Premonstratensian Abbey of Arnstein ( Lahn ). You can recognize him there in the liturgical garb of the 12th century and the picture is considered to be the oldest portrait of a Palatinate pastor.

In the apse there is a medieval stone altar ( stipes ), on the inner south wall of the choir, in a niche, there is a Romanesque lava basin with a drain in the form of a slurping head. This pool is also exceptional and has no counterpart in the immediate vicinity. In the nave there is a large Gothic font of the Worms type (around 1500) with a fish-bubble tracery and seated lions.

The whole building is largely plastered and has a gable roof on the nave and choir. A baroque roof turret with a round hood sits above the vestibule. A low, simple sacristy with barrel vaults is attached to the south of the choir. During a renovation in 1961/62, several structural changes to the Gothic and Baroque were removed.

Around the church there is an abandoned cemetery with gravestones from Baroque and Classicism . The whole area is surrounded by a wall that also has loopholes in parts and probably served as a defensive wall .

history

In 1140 the place is first mentioned in the spelling "Bubinheim" when Count Ludwig III. von Arnstein († 1185) transferred the village and church to the Arnstein monastery, which he founded. On his behalf, Gottfried von Beselich, then the local pastor, built today's church in 1163. The already mentioned building inscription, however, says that he had it “completely renewed” , which requires a previous building. The oldest parts of the church now in existence are dated around 1060. The founder, Count Ludwig III. von Arnstein, became a Premonstratensian himself , founded several monasteries and is traditionally venerated as a blessed . In his vita it says that he visited Bubenheim regularly.

In 1478 the Arnsteiner rights were sold to the St. Martinsstift in Worms , whereby Bubenheim fell to the Hochstift Worms . Since the Electoral Palatinate exercised the bailiff over the village and viewed it as its own territory, there were constant disputes between the two countries. In 1546 the administration of the Electoral Palatinate introduced the Reformation in Bubenheim, against the resistance of the Worms Martinsstift. The church was first Lutheran, reformed from 1563. After the Peace of Rijswijk (1697), the Bubenheim church had to be returned to the Martinsstift and the Catholic Church.

The Peterskirche Bubenheim belonged to the Diocese of Worms until 1801 , to the Diocese of Mainz until 1818 and since then to the Diocese of Speyer . Today it is a branch church of the parish Ottersheim .

gallery

literature

  • State Office for Monument Preservation: Die Kunstdenkmäler von Bayern , Administrative Region Palatinate, VII. District Office Kirchheimbolanden, Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich, 1938, pages 41–52
  • Markus Hoffman: Die Verbandsgemeinde Göllheim: A cultural and historical travel guide , Verbandsgemeinde Göllheim, 1997, pp. 63–69
  • Michael Frey : Attempt at a geographical-historical-statistical description of the royal. Bayer. Rheinkreises , Volume 3 ( court district of Kaiserslautern ), Speyer, 1837, p. 185 u. 186; (Digital scan)
  • Johann Goswin Widder : Attempt of a complete geographical-historical description of the electoral prince. Pfalz am Rheine , Volume 3, p. 239, Frankfurt, 1787; (Digital scan)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Biographical website on Gottfried von Beselich, with mention of Bubenheim
  2. Bruno Krings: The Premonstratensian Monastery Arnstein ad Lahn in the Middle Ages (1139-1527) , Volume 48 of: Publications of the Historical Commission for Nassau , self-published by the Historical Commission for Nassau, 1990, ISBN 392224484X , page 384; (Detail scan)
  3. Count Ludwig III. von Arnstein in the portal Ökumenisches Heiligenlexikon
  4. ^ Johann Heinrich Hennes: History of the Counts of Nassau , Part 1: Up to the year 1255 , page 70, Cologne, 1842; (Digital scan, with the receipt for the visits to Bubenheim)