Hochstift Worms

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The Bishopric of Worms was the secular dominion of the bishops of Worms and an imperial estate of the Holy Roman Empire .

History of the Hochstift Worms

Diocese patron St. Petrus with Worms diocese coat of arms, at the bishop's court in Ladenburg ; today's Lobdengau Museum

The Bailiwick of the Diocese of Worms, connected with the office of the Burgrave , was held by the Counts of Saarbrücken until 1156 and then passed to the Counts Palatine near the Rhine . Although the bishop was of great importance during the Staufer period , he only succeeded in acquiring a small domain in the long run, the residence of which became Ladenburg in 1400 . As Prince-Bishop, the Bishop of Worms was represented with a virile vote in the Imperial Council of Dukes. The state territory, which was gradually reduced in size and consisting only of exclaves , comprised only 15 villages on the left bank of the Rhine and 3 villages on the right bank of the Rhine in the vicinity of Worms from the 18th century . In 1798 the goods on the left bank of the Rhine fell to France , most recently with eight square miles and 20,000 inhabitants, which included around 8,500 guilders in annual income . The areas on the right bank of the Rhine came to Baden and Hessen-Darmstadt in 1803 .

Property in the Mittellahngebiet (Central Hesse)

Far away from Worms, the bishopric in Central Hesse (see section history) in the former Lahngau had been given extensive property by the emperors. In 993, for example, the guardianship government of the minor King Otto III. Weilburg Abbey with the associated property and rights to Worms Bishop Hildibald, the head of the royal chancellery, as a kind of compensation for the fact that the diocese of Worms in the vicinity of Worms and in the Palatinate Forest had to resign from the Salian Duke Otto. This made the diocese of Worms a political factor in the Middle Lahn area. By the year 1002, almost the entire property of the Weilburg monastery including the Weilburg settlement came to the diocese of Worms. Other property was concentrated around Frankenberg (Eder) , Marburg , Gladenbach , Haiger and Nassau .

Karl Ernst Demandt writes about this in History of the State of Hesse :

“Supported by the Ottonian emperors, the diocese of Worms had almost inherited the Conradin ruling house in Central Hesse, as can be seen from the large imperial estate complexes facing it in the 10th and 11th centuries.
King Konrad gave z. B. 914 the large area of ​​the 'Haigerer Church' to the Walpurgis monastery in Weilburg. Emperor Otto III. even gave the entire Konradine property to the cathedral monastery of Worms in 993. "

However, the bailiffs of the Weilburg monastery, the Counts of Nassau , increasingly pushed back the influence of the diocese in the Middle Lahn area and in the Central Hessian area, thereby expanding and consolidating their domain.

In 1294, Adolf von Nassau , German king since 1292, acquired the Weilburg bailiwick with the Walpurgis pen through purchase. The church patronage, however, remained with the Bishop of Worms.

Country division

In the 18th century, the country was divided into four offices , also known as official cellars : Lampertheim , Horchheim , Dirmstein and Neuleiningen , to which the Neuhausen office was added.

Lampertheim

Rentamt Lampertheim, seat of the Worms official winery

The Lampertheim winery (also: Stein winery ) had its official seat in the Rentamt in Lampertheim and included the following localities:

Horchheim

Episcopal Castle Dirmstein, on the right the office building of the winery, on the left farm building with theft tower
Office building of the Neuleiningen episcopal winery

The following villages were part of the Horchheim winery:

Dirmstein

The Dirmstein winery was located at the Episcopal Castle in Dirmstein (the office building is still preserved). For the Episcopal Winery Dirmstein, the following number of administrative officials is documented in 1774, which may have been similar in the other districts: "1 Amtskeller ( bailiff ), 1 clerk, 1 Oberschultheiß , 2 clerks and 2 clerks." The Dirmstein office comprised the communities :

Newcomers

The Neuleiningen winery resided in the Neuleiningen Episcopal Winery and administered the villages:

Neuhausen

The Neuhausen office was responsible for the three places ceded by the Electoral Palatinate to the Hochstift in the 18th century :

Neckarsteinach

The office Neckarsteinach was a condominium of the Hochstift Worms and the Hochstift Speyer .

See also

literature

  • Hans Ulrich Berendes: The bishops of Worms and their bishopric in the 12th century . Diss., University of Cologne 1984.
  • Friedhelm Jürgensmeier (ed.): The diocese of Worms. From Roman times to the dissolution in 1801 (= contributions to the history of the Mainz church. Vol. 5). Echter-Verlag, Würzburg 1997, ISBN 3-429-01876-5 .
  • Bernhard Löbbert: About the written estate of Lorenz Truchsess von Pommersfelden (1473–1543) , in: Archive for Middle Rhine Church History 60 (2008), pp. 111–132.
  • Ders .: Johannes Gamans (1605–1684) and the Wormser Memorialliteratur , in: Archive for Hessian History 69 (2011), pp. 265–273.
  • Ders .: Historical sources on the city and the diocese of Worms. Manuscripts from the Hessian State Archive Darmstadt , in: Archive for Hessian History 62 (2004), pp. 293-300.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Karl Ernst Demandt : History of the State of Hesse. 2nd Edition. Bärenreiter Verlag, Kassel / Basel 1972, ISBN 3-7618-0404-0 .
  2. ↑ When our parish did not yet exist ( Memento of April 13, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ^ Anton Friedrich Büsching : New Earth Description , 5th Edition, 3rd Part, Volume 1, pp. 1143–1147, Hamburg, 1771; (Digital scan)
  4. ^ Carl Wolff: The immediate parts of the former Roman-German Empire after their previous and present connection , Berlin, 1873, p. 232; (Digital scan)
  5. ↑ Bärbel Jakob: From the castle to the tenement house. In: Mannheimer Morgen. August 13, 2010.
  6. ↑ Michael Frey : Description of the royal Bavarian Rhine district , Volume 2, Speyer, 1836, p. 336; (Digital scan)