Mensfelden

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Mensfelden
Municipality of Hünstelden
Coat of arms of Mensfelden
Coordinates: 50 ° 20 ′ 35 ″  N , 8 ° 6 ′ 19 ″  E
Height : 218  (185-315)  m above sea level NHN
Residents : 1297  (Jan. 1, 2019)
Incorporation : 1st October 1971
Postal code : 65597
Area code : 06431

Mensfelden is one of seven districts of the municipality of Hünstelden in the Limburg-Weilburg district in Central Hesse .

geography

Mensfelden is the westernmost district of Hünfelden. Its roughly square-shaped area borders clockwise from the north on the Limburg districts of Linter and Lindenholzhausen , on the east on Niederbruch and Nauheim and on the south-east on Heringen. In the south-west and west, the Rhineland-Palatinate area joins the local parishes of Oberneisen and Niederneisen . The village is located on the eastern slope of the Mensfelder Kopf ( 313.7  m ) at an altitude of 210 to 255  m .

The district consists mainly of agricultural land, with smaller forest areas extending south of the Mensfelder Kopf and around the Birkenkopf further south. The terrain rises to these two elevations in the middle and south of the district and to the east to the Nauheimer Kopf ( 265.4  m ). This means that Mensfelden lies on the edge of the Kirberg hill country where the Limburg basin crosses . Further to the southwest, the Kirberg hill country slowly merges into the plateaus of the western Hintertaunus . To the east of the village, federal highway 417 runs from northeast to southwest. At the southern edge of the district, the Mühlbach, which rises at the Birkenkopf, flows in a west-east direction.

history

North side of the church

The place was mentioned for the first time in 775 in a donation by Charlemagne , making it the oldest place in the municipality.

The church is the oldest building in town. A separate parish in Mensfelden is guaranteed for 1204. This and the Romanesque architectural style suggest that the church already stood then. With certainty, however, the building is only proven for 1301. The church was later expanded to include two more galleries. There are three bells hanging in the tower, the oldest dating from 1431. It is not known exactly when the Reformation was implemented. In 1529 the Reformed priest Jakob Königstein was assigned to the place, who later joined the non-reformed Diez monastery. By 1645 at the latest, the place must have been mostly Protestant, which it is to this day. Shortly before 1664 the tower, in 1697 and 1783 the vault above the choir was completely renewed. In 1764 and 1768, some older altars were removed from the church to make room. The parish Mensfelden included not only the place itself nor the neighboring towns of herring (no later than 1387 and to 1818) and Linter (no later than 1433). Even today, Mensfelden and Linter form a joint Protestant parish.

A school clerk is guaranteed for 1611, but a school building of its own only for 1620. It was probably on the west gable of the church. In 1704 it was renewed, demolished in 1825 and a new school built on the site of the old rectory by 1831. The children from Heringen were also taught there until 1665 and from Linter until 1725.

The sovereignty over the place was mostly very fragmented. Among others, the Counts of Diez , the Lords of Limburg , Kurtrier , various Nassau lines and a number of other noble families had shares in the settlement and in the lower court located there . The place of justice was a linden tree in the churchyard. In 1595 an associated prison was built.

A bailiff is vouched for Mensfelden first time 1,343th In the following centuries there were numerous officials and mayors of the various lords in parallel due to the fragmented rule . A representative of the inhabitants by a Heimberger can be proven from 1493. Around 1600 a mayor took over this function. A town hall is guaranteed for 1586. The comparatively large settlement is often referred to as a patch in old documents . At times the place was probably fenced. At least in the early 18th century there was a guard house on the Mensfelder Kopf. Remains of a castle, to which a district name indicates east of the hill, have not been found to this day.

In 1362 Ulrich III was the place . attacked by Hanau and partly burned down. Shortly before 1530, two further cases of arson and arson have come down to us. During the Thirty Years War in August 1620, the Spanish general Ambrosio Spinola and his troops moved into marching quarters on the Mensfelder Kopf. In September his opponent Friedrich Heinrich von Orange stopped there . On September 16, 1796 there was a skirmish between French troops under Jean-Baptiste Jourdan and Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte and Austrian units on the rise . The Austrians drove the French away in the direction of Limburg, where shortly afterwards a major battle broke out, in which the French remained victorious.

There were major fires in 1744 and 1799. In 1801 the place burned down almost completely. Mensfelden was then rebuilt according to the plans of the Nassau-Orange building director Sckell . The last remnants of the numerous courts of noble families and ecclesiastical bodies that must have defined medieval Mensfelden disappeared. In 1834 and 1836 around a hundred Mensfelden residents emigrated to America.

In addition to the usual agriculture, viticulture was practiced from 1331 at the latest and into the early 17th century. In 1692 a healing well was discovered, but it was filled in again after disputes among the local rulers. The people of Mensfelden were assigned mills in Oberneisen as grinding locations.

On October 1, 1971, the previously independent community of Mensfelden, together with six other communities, formed the new community of Hünstelden.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Mensfelden was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Population development

In 1619, 86 stoves are guaranteed in Mensfelden, in 1654 53 houses, 1777 thousand people. Statistics from 1857 show that Mensfelden has 1065 inhabitants. In 1972 it had 1,100 inhabitants, in 2000 there were 1,362. A Jewish resident is first recorded in 1673.

Mensfelden: Population from 1777 to 2019
year     Residents
1777
  
 1,000
1834
  
 1.101
1840
  
 1,145
1846
  
 1,190
1852
  
 1,143
1858
  
 1,094
1864
  
 1,132
1871
  
 1,093
1875
  
 1,081
1885
  
 1,051
1895
  
 1,000
1905
  
 1.011
1910
  
 1,067
1925
  
 993
1939
  
 904
1946
  
 1,117
1950
  
 1,146
1956
  
 1,033
1961
  
 981
1967
  
 1,046
2003
  
 1,038
2011
  
 1,308
2019
  
 1,297
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; after 1970: municipality of Hünstelden

Culture and sights

Former school, now a club and community center

societies

The men's choir founded in 1837 is the oldest club in Mensfelden, but now also has women in its ranks. There is also a gymnastics and sports club (founded in 1894) and the Jahn gymnastics club , the Mensfelden volunteer fire brigade founded in 1935 (with a youth fire brigade since March 16, 1993 ), a horticultural club and a local association of the VdK (together with Heringen) and the Country women.

Mensfeld head

The most famous sight of Mensfelden is the Mensfelder Kopf , a 313.7  m high quartzite knoll west of the village overgrown with heathland . The elevation is particularly known for its view, especially in the Limburg basin . There is a sports center on it, where the Mensfelder Kopf mountain gymnastics festival has been held annually since 1896 .

Buildings

  • Church tower seen from the south

  • Evangelical rectory

  • Modernized and converted barn

Economy and Infrastructure

Public facilities

In Mensfelden the volunteer fire brigade Mensfelden, founded in 1935 (since March 16, 1993 with its youth fire brigade ), provides defensive fire protection and general help in this area.

economy

The birch head has been largely eroded by a basalt pit .

Personalities

Web links

Commons : Mensfelden  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Statistics - residents of the districts. In: website. Municipality of Hünstelden, archived from the original ; accessed in February 2019 .
  2. ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
  3. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 369 .
  4. ↑ a b Mensfelden, Limburg-Weilburg district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of October 14, 2016). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  5. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  6. ↑ Citizens Brochure. (PDF; 15.7 MB) In: Website. Municipality of Hünstelden, 2012, p. 32 , archived from the original ; accessed in February 2019 .