Herring (Hünstelden)

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Herrings
Municipality of Hünstelden
Herring coat of arms
Coordinates: 50 ° 19 ′ 2 ″  N , 8 ° 6 ′ 43 ″  E
Height : 215 m above sea level NHN
Residents : 983  (Jan. 1, 2019)
Incorporation : 1st October 1971
Postal code : 65597
Area code : 06438
View from the south to the town center, with Mensfelden behind
View from the south to the town center, with Mensfelden behind

Heringen is one of seven districts of the municipality of Hünstelden in the central Hessian district of Limburg-Weilburg and ranks fourth in terms of size with around 1000 inhabitants.

Geographical location

The place is on the edge of the Herbach valley south of the federal highway 417 .

The Heringer district, which is elongated in north-south direction, is located in the south-westernmost corner of the Limburg-Weilburg district. It borders clockwise from north to south-east on the districts of Mensfelden , Nauheim , Neesbach and Kirberg . In the south, Heringen borders on the Hessian Rheingau-Taunus district , more precisely on the Aarbergen district of Panrod . The western boundary, around a hundred meters from the outskirts, is also the state border to Rhineland-Palatinate , where the Netzbach ( Rhein-Lahn district ) is located in the immediate vicinity .

The district consists primarily of agricultural land. Only the southernmost tip, which is also the highest part at up to 290 meters (Römberg), is covered with forest. The Herbach rises on the northern edge of the village of Heringen and flows off to the north.

history

Stone boxes , exhibited near the church today

Heringen was first mentioned in 790 in a deed of donation from Charlemagne to the Prüm Abbey. The oldest settlement finds in the Heringen district are barrows on the Römberg, which are dated to the time from 800 to 400 BC. The sister village Nieder- oder Kleinheringen, which was located a little north of today's settlement, in the headwaters of the Herbachs, was probably older than the current settlement. There were stone boxes found that were created around the year 800 around. One of these graves is now placed on the war memorial near the Heringer church. Niederheringen fell in a desolate way by 1450 at the latest , possibly as a result of the plague , and sources also report a conflagration. The settlement previously called "Oberheringen" was then referred to as "Heringen".

Although the name is derived from Herbach and has nothing to do with fish , the local coat of arms shows two crossed, soaring fish. It goes back to the court seal from the 17th or 18th century. According to documents from 1391 and 1457, a noble family "von Heryngen", about whom nothing else is known, kept it in the shield. The name Heringen is probably derived from the "Herbach" stream through the town.

Heringen was at least from the 14th to the 17th century part of an office that, in addition to Kirberg, also included Bubenheim, Sindersbach, Niederheringen (all three today desolate ), ears, Nauheim, Neesbach and Oberheringen, today's Heringen. Together with the other places of the office, Heringen formed a market cooperative that owned an extensive forest area. As early as 1373, a “Holzweiser” was handed down as a market official for herring. A detailed order of forest use and organs of the Markgenossenschaft was first handed down from 1661.

There is evidence of a Lady Chapel for 1301, which was equipped with a bell in 1380. From 1387 at the latest, the place belonged to the parish in neighboring Mensfelden. From 1580 to 1600 the house of God was renovated in the village, which has since become Protestant. From 1665 the place had its own school. The children had previously been taught in Mensfelden. However, the main place of worship remained in Mensfelden, which involved long marches for the Heringers. Only four times a year trade fairs were read in Heringen. From 1782 to 1785, today's classical church was completed. The Heringers raised the 6160 guilders building costs with their own contribution and from donations collected throughout the principality. In 1818 Heringen moved to the parish of Kirberg. In 1848 the church in Heringen became the seat of an independent parish. In 1825 an organ was installed from a former Franciscan monastery in Hadamar . In 1893 a rectory was built.

Jewish residents are recorded for the first time in 1750. Initially the Kirberg synagogue was their place of worship, around 1850 they received a branch synagogue in Hauptstrasse, but Kirberg remained the seat of the community.

A town hall was built in 1830 and a school in 1845, which initially served as a two-class elementary school and today as a village community center. From 1830 to 1860, almost a hundred emigrants were counted to the USA . A gymnasium was built in 1925 and expanded into a multi-purpose hall in 2007. In 1911 Heringen received its own power supply with the help of a steam engine. Heringen was not connected to the overland power grid until the 1920s.

The choral society "Eintracht" was founded in 1844 as a men's choir. Declining membership numbers forced it to convert to a mixed choir in 1972 and to dissolve in 2005.

The gym was built in 1925 and hosts not only sporting events but also cultural and social events. On August 23, 2008, after a lengthy modernization phase, it was reopened as a multi-purpose hall with an adjacent sports field . The fire station , built in 1954 and expanded in 1988, stands above the town's former cattle trough, which today serves as a 95 cubic meter fire-fighting water pond .

Territorial reform

On October 1, 1971, the previously independent municipality of Heringen, as part of the regional reform in Hesse , formed the new municipality of Hünstelden together with six other places.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which herring was located or the administrative units to which it was subject:

population

Population development

Heringen: Population from 1834 to 2019
year     Residents
1834
  
 598
1840
  
 587
1846
  
 713
1852
  
 684
1858
  
 697
1864
  
 721
1871
  
 701
1875
  
 606
1885
  
 628
1895
  
 646
1905
  
 667
1910
  
 646
1925
  
 666
1939
  
 578
1946
  
 863
1950
  
 815
1956
  
 680
1961
  
 668
1967
  
 688
1970
  
 713
2002
  
 1,063
2011
  
 990
2019
  
 983
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; after 1970: municipality of Hünstelden

Religious affiliation

Source: Historical local dictionary

  • 1885: 616 Protestant (= 98.09%), one Catholic (= 0.16%), 11 Jewish (= 1.75%) residents
  • 1961: 570 Protestant (= 85.33%), 97 Catholic (= 14.52%) residents

Culture and sights

Heringen fire station

societies

Today's gymnastics and sports club is the oldest still existing club in the town. In 1895 the gymnastics club was founded, which in 1974 merged with the sports club that had existed since 1946. There is also a riding and driving club for equestrian sports, two dog clubs, a poultry, rabbit breeding, fishing and rural women’s club as well as a local branch of the VdK (together with Mensfelden). The Heringen volunteer fire brigade has been in existence since 1909 and has been in charge of the youth fire brigade from January 12, 1974 and the children's fire brigade from April 5, 2008 . In the “ Alte Schule ” community center there is a chronicle room in which the local history is dealt with.

Regular events

The fair is celebrated every year on the last weekend in October.

Buildings

Listed building / Hauptstraße 53:

This residential building, built between 1840 and 1850, is an application of the extremely rare rammed earth construction . Simple corner pilaster strips represent the only facade decoration of the building, which is otherwise on the street side in late classicist simplicity and symmetry. An important construction detail is the entrance area. There are remains of Biedermeier ornamental paintings with friezes and floral motifs on the porch. The cassette door also shows clear characteristics of this design era. Inside, the building has two full storeys, an attic storey developed for residential purposes and a basement for the half of the house facing the entrance. The living rooms are divided into a main apartment and a separate apartment. The gross floor area is estimated at around 290 square meters.

The last major renovation took place in 1998. The most important intervention in this context was the erection of a staircase centrally in front of the facade facing away from the street. The previously simple saddle roof was also greatly changed by adding a large-format dormer. The rest of the roof area was completely renewed, but retained roughly its previous cubature. Further significant changes in this construction phase concerned the doubling of the number of windows in the top floor gables to two each. On the street side, the facade remained largely unchanged. Modernization work also took place inside in 1998.

  • Former town hall (left) and former post office

  • church

  • War memorial

  • Old school, today the village community center

Infrastructure

Since 1909 the Heringen volunteer fire brigade (since January 12, 1974 with the youth fire brigade and from April 5, 2008 with the children's fire brigade) has provided fire protection and general help in this area.

Web links

Commons : Herring  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Statistics - residents of the districts. In: website. Municipality of Hünstelden, archived from the original ; accessed in February 2019 .
  2. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 369 .
  3. ↑ a b c Heringen, Limburg-Weilburg district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of June 8, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  4. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  5. ↑ Citizens Brochure. (PDF; 15.7 MB) In: Website. Municipality of Hünstelden, 2012, p. 19 , archived from the original ; accessed in February 2019 .