Nordheim (Biblis)

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Nordheim
Biblis parish
Nordheim coat of arms
Coordinates: 49 ° 40 ′ 54 ″  N , 8 ° 23 ′ 21 ″  E
Height : 92 m above sea level NHN
Area : 13.98 km²
Residents : 1709  (December 31, 2016)
Population density : 122 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 1970
Postal code : 68647
Area code : 06245

Nordheim is a district of the municipality of Biblis in the Bergstrasse district in southern Hesse .

Geographical location

The place lies in the Upper Rhine Plain . The Rhine flows in the north and west of the district . In the north, in the "Steiner Forest", on the Weschnitz , shortly before its confluence with the Rhine, are the excavated remains of the former Stein Castle . On the southern outskirts of the village, the state road 3261 runs between Hofheim and Wattenheim .

history

From the beginning to the 18th century

The area around Nordheim was already settled in the Neolithic Age, as archaeological finds show , due to the climatically favorable Upper Rhine Plain . After the first tribe known by name, the Celts , the Romans began the military occupation of areas on the right bank of the Rhine around 40 AD . Around 260 the Alemanni conquered the Roman Limes , pushed the Romans back over the Rhine and settled the area. After 500 AD these were again ousted by the Franks , which is documented by Franconian graves near Biblis , Wattenheim and Klein-Rohrheim .

The documented history of Nordheim begins with Stein Castle (Hesse) , when on May 26, 836 King Ludwig II, the German , Count Werner (Werinher) bought his estates in Biblis, Wattenheim and in the village of Zullestein (which belonged to Castle Stein belonging settlement) and he gave the three villages to the Lorsch Monastery in 846 . As early as the 4th century, the Romans had built a burgus ( small tower-like fort ) with a harbor on what was then the course of the Rhine. The square was temporarily forgotten until it was given as a Zullestein to the Lorsch Monastery as a royal property in 805. In the year 995 the place was mentioned as "place stone" when Emperor Otto III. at the request of the Lorsch abbot Salmann granted the town of Stein market rights. After 1100 the harbor seems to have silted up and the Bishop of Worms owned the place, which he converted into a castle. The village of Zullestein has completely disappeared and of the castle only the remains of the foundations, rediscovered in 1957 and excavated from 1970 on, can be seen. After the Lorsch monastery owned the castle and village, these came under the control of the diocese of Worms . The castle is mentioned as the residence of Bishop Heinrich II von Worms in 1232 . In addition, the Worms diocese was able to assert itself against the mighty Lorsch Imperial Monastery in the towns of Lampertheim , Hofheim , Bobstadt and Nordheim on the right bank of the Rhine , and Stein Castle became the official seat of these towns, the Stein winery .

In 1387, Worms Bishop Eckard von Worms , who was in financial difficulties, pledged half of the office of Stein and the castle for 23,000 Rhenish guilders , as well as the town of Ladenburg to his patron, Count Palatine Ruprecht I. The rights and income of the pledged area were divided and subordinated to the Palatinate Oberamt Heidelberg .

On January 17, 1463, the Teutonic Order, Ballei Koblenz, governor and house authority Heugin van Mile, sold 40 acres of meadows from the Teutonic Order Coming from Ibersheim to the mayor of Nordheim Peter Wetzell and nine other citizens of Nordheim. These Ordenswiesen were "located next to the Schürhorst, explored by the Wesell meadow and on the other side of the old Rhine to Rohrheim."

From 1504 to 1517 the Stein office was owned by Hesse. As a result of the Landshut War of Succession Emperor Maximilian I , the imperial ban on the son of the Count Palatine Philip the Sincere , Ruprecht imposed and the Hessian Landgrave Wilhelm II. Entrusted to enforce the night. As a result, Hessian troops marched through the Palatinate region, plundering, conquered Stein Castle and burned the village of Nordheim down.

Before the Reformation , there was a branch church of the Wattenheim parish in Nordheim, where two clergymen from the Zell monastery held the service. After the rulers of the Palatinate had already openly sympathized with the Lutheran faith, it was officially introduced in the Electoral Palatinate in 1556. This also happened in the area of ​​the office of Stein, but without the consent of the co-ruling Bishop of Worms.

In the period up to the outbreak of the Thirty Years' War in 1618, the following events have been recorded for Nordheim: In 1594 the bishop and the Worms cathedral monastery leased the Neuhaus estate along with 40 acres to Nordheim citizens and in 1612 a Hofheimer was accused of fivefold murder on the gallows between Nordheim and Hofheim Citizen executed by bike .

During the Thirty Years War (1618–1648), Spanish troops of the Catholic League conquered Stein Castle in 1621 and occupied the entire Bergstrasse from here. Nordheim, Biblis and Wattenheim were sacked in the process. In 1631 the Spaniards withdrew from the advancing Swedish troops who had intervened in the war since 1630. When they retreated to the western bank of the Rhine, they set the castle on fire and destroyed the ship bridge they had built .

The horror of this war was far from over for the people of Nordheim. After the catastrophic defeat of the Evangelicals near Nördlingen on September 6, 1634, the Swedish troops withdrew from Bergstrasse in 1635. Ultimately, the Catholic victory at Nördlingen prompted France to intervene in the Thirty Years' War alongside the now weakened Swedes. With the Swedish-French War, the bloodiest chapter of the Thirty Years' War began in 1635. From the region around Nordheim, the chroniclers report from that time: "Plague and hunger rage in the country and decimate the population, so that the villages are often completely empty".

After the end of the Thirty Years' War through the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, the Palatinate Elector Karl Ludwig tried to rebuild the land devastated by the war. This also included the fact that in 1653 he compared himself with the neighboring Elector of Mainz, Johann Philipp von Schönborn , on a number of controversial legal positions. For the Stein office it was determined that the Catholic creed was reinstated in Wattenheim and that a Reformed parish with branches in Hofheim and Bobstadt was set up in Nordheim.

For the rest of the 17th century, the chroniclers report about Nordheim: In 1653, due to the Counter-Reformation in the now Kurmainzer areas on Bergstrasse, the Protestant pastor of Wattenheim, who came from Switzerland, had to leave the place and took up residence in Nordheim. The restoration of the Nordheim church was announced for 1658. On Good Friday in 1685 a big fire broke out in Nordheim, which killed around 20 horse riders. The church also burned down. In the same year the Reformed Palatinate-Simmern line died out and the Catholic cousins ​​of the Palatinate-Neuburg line came to power in the Electoral Palatinate with Elector Philipp Wilhelm . This ordered the equality of the Catholic faith in the predominantly Protestant Palatinate.

Efforts to rebuild the country were largely undone by the War of the Palatinate Succession (1688–1697) provoked by France . Nordheim was also badly affected, as a "calculation of damage caused by fire, destruction, etc." with 17,783  florins from 1689 shows. The war ended in 1697 with the Peace of Rijswijk . The position of the reigning Catholic Elector Johann Wilhelm was strengthened by this peace, which led to the decree of the Simultaneum on October 26, 1698 . According to this, the Catholics were entitled to use all reformed institutions such as churches and cemeteries, while the reverse was not allowed. Furthermore, the reformed church administration, which had been independent until then, was subordinated to the sovereign. Only at the instigation of Prussia in 1705 came the so-called Palatinate church division in which the simultanum was reversed. However, this no longer had any influence on the area of ​​the “Office of Stein”, as it belonged again to the diocese of Worms at that time.

In 1700 the Stein winery was relocated to Nordheim. On August 26, 1705, the Steiner pledge of 1387 ended by a contract between Prince-Bishop Franz Ludwig von Pfalz-Neuburg and Elector Johann Wilhelm , after which the Worms Monastery received the "Stein Winery" with Lampertheim back from the Electoral Palatinate. In 1787 the administration was organized in such a way that Nordheim belonged to the “Amtskellerei Stein” of the “Amt Lampertheim” in the “Principality of Worms”.

From the 18th century it is known from Nordheim that viticulture was practiced in the Norheim district in 1754, which is proven by the planting of 9,600 vines. In 1787, Nordheim was hit by several floods. On February 17th, the Rhine ice broke, which resulted in the Rhine dam breaking seven times in the Biblis district. On June 13th, July 31st and September 19th floods again, with Lampertheim, Bürstadt, Hofheim, Wattenheim, Nordheim, Biblis and Groß-Rohrheim being flooded. From 1794 it was reported that 65 Protestants died in Nordheim following a cattle epidemic.

From the 19th century until today

Nordheim becomes Hessian

The late 18th and early 19th centuries brought far-reaching changes to Europe. As a result of the Napoleonic Wars , the left bank of the Rhine and thus the left bank of the Rhine were annexed to the Worms diocese. After France's renewed victories, the territorial relationships in the Holy Roman Empire (German Nation) were reorganized. At the last session of the Perpetual Reichstag in Regensburg in February 1803, the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss , which implemented the provisions of the Peace of Lunéville , was passed. He ordered the dissolution of the diocese of Worms and assigned the "Office Lampertheim" to the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt as compensation for lost areas on the left bank of the Rhine, which it assigned to the " Principality of Starkenburg " and continued it as the Hessian district bailiwick for the time being. On September 10, 1802, Hessian troops had already occupied the Lampertheim office even before the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss came into force.

In the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt, the judicial system was reorganized in an executive order of December 9, 1803. The “Hofgericht Darmstadt” was set up as a court of second instance for the Principality of Starkenburg . The jurisdiction of the first instance was carried out by the offices or the landlords . The court court was the second instance court for normal civil disputes, and the first instance for civil family law cases and criminal cases. The superior court of appeal in Darmstadt was superordinate .

Under pressure from Napoleon , the Rhine Confederation was founded in 1806 , this happened when the member territories left the empire at the same time. This led to the laying down of the imperial crown on August 6, 1806, with which the old empire ceased to exist. On August 14, 1806, the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt was raised by Napoleon to the Grand Duchy of France against high military contingents and membership of the Rhine Confederation , otherwise he was threatened with invasion.

After Napoléon's final defeat, the Congress of Vienna in 1814/15 also regulated the territorial situation for Hesse and confirmed the boundaries of the Principality of Starkenburg. In addition, Article 47 assigned other areas to the Grand Duchy of Hesse, including Worms , Alzey , Bingen and Mainz , an area known as Rheinhessen . In 1815 the Grand Duchy joined the German Confederation . By the treaty of Frankfurt on June 30, 1816 Grand Duke Ludwig came as a result of German war which even before the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss occupied on 6 September 1802 Duchy of Westphalia from the King of Prussia. In 1816 provinces were formed in the Grand Duchy, with the area previously known as the “Principality of Starkenburg”, which consisted of the old Hessian territories south of the Main and the territories on the right bank of the Rhine that were added from 1803, was renamed “Province of Starkenburg” .

In 1814 serfdom was abolished in the Grand Duchy and with the constitution of the Grand Duchy of Hesse introduced on December 17, 1820, it was given a constitutional monarchy , in which the Grand Duke still had great powers. The remaining civil rights magnificent as Low jurisdiction , tithes, ground rents and other slope but remained composed until 1848.

In 1821, as part of a comprehensive administrative reform, the district bailiffs in the provinces of Starkenburg and Upper Hesse of the Grand Duchy were dissolved and districts were introduced, making Nordheim part of the Heppenheim district . As part of this reform, regional courts were also created, which were now independent of the administration. The district court districts corresponded in scope to the district council districts and the district court of Lorsch was responsible as the court of first instance for the district of Heppenheim . This reform also regulated the administrative administration at the municipal level. The mayor's office in Nordheim was one of 12 mayor's offices in the district. According to the municipal ordinance of June 30, 1821, there were no longer appointments of mayors , but an elected local council, which was composed of a mayor, aldermen and council.

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Nordheim in 1829:

»Nordheim (L. Bez. Heppenheim) evangel. Protest. Pfarrdorf, is 4 St. from Heppenheim, has 142 houses and 936 inhabitants, except for 182 Catholics and 21 Jews. are protestant. Nordheim belonged to the diocese of Worms and came to Hesse in 1802. The place suffered a great deal of damage from the Rhine flood in 1824. «

In 1832 the administrative units were further enlarged and circles were created. After the reorganization announced on August 20, 1832, there should only be the districts of Bensheim and Lindenfels in the future in Süd-Starkenburg; the district of Heppenheim was to fall into the Bensheim district. Before the ordinance came into force on October 15, 1832, it was revised to the effect that instead of the Lindenfels district, the Heppenheim district was formed as a second district alongside the Bensheim district. Nordheim was assigned to the Bensheim district. In 1842 the tax system in the Grand Duchy was reformed and the tithe and the basic pensions (income from property) were replaced by a tax system of the kind that still exists today.

In the newest and most thorough alphabetical lexicon of all localities of the German federal states from 1845 the following entries can be found:

“Nordheim near Heppenheim. - village with evangel. Parish church, belonging to the parish Wattenheim with regard to the Catholics. - Pop. 542 H. 936 (mostly Protestant) - Großherzogth. Hesse. - Prov. Starkenburg. - Bensheim district. - Landger. Gernsheim. - Hofger. Darmstadt. - The village of Nordheim belonged to the Bishopric of Worms and came to Hesse in 1802. «

“Mulberry meadow near Nordhelm. - yard and hunter's house, for evangelism. Parish Nordheim, resp. Catholic parish of Wattenheim. - 2 H. 11 E. - Grand Duchy of Hesse. - Starkenburg Province. - Bensheim district. - Gernsheim Regional Court. - Darmstadt Court of Justice. - The mulberry meadow, on the Rhine, is stately, and consists of a residential house with economic buildings, arable land and meadow. It used to belong to the diocese of Worms and only came to Hesse in 1802. «

As a result of the March Revolution of 1848, with the "Law on the Relationships of the Classes and Noble Court Lords" of April 15, 1848, the special rights of the class were finally repealed. In addition, in the provinces, the districts and the district administration districts of the Grand Duchy were abolished on July 31, 1848 and replaced by "administrative districts", whereby the previous districts of Bensheim and Heppenheim were combined to form the administrative district of Heppenheim . Just four years later, in the course of the reaction era, they returned to the division into districts and Nordheim became part of the Bensheim district again.

The population and cadastral lists recorded in December 1852 showed for Nordheim: Nordheim, a Protestant parish village lying on the plain. These include the Rhine island Maulbeerau, the Rheinaue Steinerwörth, Altwörth, Augustenwörth, Bernhardswörth and 1 brick factory, had 1022 inhabitants. The district of Nordheim consisted of 4224 acres , of which 2391 acres were arable land, 598 acres were meadows and 498 acres were forest. The Maubeerau consisted of 1520 acres, of which 100 acres were arable land, 756 acres were meadows and 498 acres were forest.

In the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse, based on December 1867, 159 houses, 887 inhabitants, the district of Bensheim, the district court of Gernsheim, the Protestant parish of Nordheim of the dean's office in Zwingenberg and the Catholic parish of Wattenheim of the dean's office of Bensheim are given for the parish village of Nordheim with its own mayor's office . In addition, Nordheim has a brickworks with one house and four residents and the mulberry meadow with one house and ten residents.

In 1870, the Prussian Prime Minister Otto von Bismarck provoked the Franco-German War with the so-called Emser Depesche in which the Grand Duchy of Hesse took part as a member of the North German Confederation on the side of Prussia . Even before its official end on May 10, 1871, the southern German states joined the North German Confederation and on January 1, 1871 its new constitution came into force, with which it was now called the German Empire . On the German side, this war claimed around 41,000 deaths. With the Reich Coin Act , Germany only had one currency, the mark with 100 pfennigs as a sub-unit, and on January 1, 1900, the Civil Code came into force throughout the German Empire .

In the 19th century, Nordheim suffered from flooding again, so in 1818 the Rhine dam broke and Nordheim was almost completely flooded. On 28/29 December 1882 the Rhine dam broke at Rosengarten and the places Hofheim, Nordheim, Wattenheim and Bürstadt were under water. The industrial age was heralded for Nordheim on the Rhine when, from 1842, a company from Worms started operating steam boats, known as the “Eagles of the Upper Rhine”, between Mannheim and Mainz. Further improvements to the infrastructure resulted from the construction of the Darmstadt – Worms railway line, the Ludwig Railway , which began in 1869 and was completed in 1877. On was 28./29. December 1882, Nordheim was flooded again when the Rhine dam broke at Rosengarten.

At the end of October 1864 the newly built town hall and school building was completed; which had been erected in place of the previous building. The citizens' hall, the mayor's office, the night watchman's bar, the prison and the syringe house were on the ground floor. The school hall and the teacher's apartment with four rooms and a kitchen were on the upper floor. A 39 foot high tower adorned the building into which a bell and a tower clock were built in the following years. A technical advance was reported in 1912 when Nordheim was connected to the electrical power grid. The population had increased from around 220 people around 1600 to over 1000 around 1850. The wave of emigration to North America subsequently reduced the population again and around 1900 about 840 inhabitants were still registered.

Time of world wars

On August 1, 1914, the First World War broke out, which put an end to the positive economic development here as in the entire German Empire . When the armistice was signed after the German defeat on November 11, 1918, the war had cost a total of around 17 million human lives. The end of the German Empire was sealed and the troubled times of the Weimar Republic followed. In the period from 1921 to 1930 there were 566,500 emigrants in Germany who tried to escape the difficult conditions in Germany. On January 30, 1933, Adolf Hitler became Chancellor, which sealed the end of the Weimar Republic and the beginning of the National Socialist dictatorship.

In Hesse, on July 3, 1933, the "Law for the implementation of field clearing for the purpose of creating jobs in the course of the redevelopment " was passed. In 13 municipalities in the Starkenburg province, including Nordheim, the field clearing procedure was ordered over an area of ​​200,000  ha . In the course of this amelioration and settlement program, the two places Riedrode and Worms-Rosengarten were created . Nordheim hit the headlines in 1937 when the then well-known aerobatic pilot Ernst Udet with his double-decker had to make an emergency landing in the Nordheim district while attempting to take over a mailbag from the airship LZ 127 .

The Hessian provinces of Starkenburg, Rheinhessen and Upper Hesse were abolished in 1937 after the provincial and district assemblies were dissolved in 1936. On November 1, 1938, a comprehensive regional reform came into force at the district level. In the area around Worms, the district of Oppenheim was dissolved and the communities on the right bank of the Rhine, Lampertheim , Bürstadt , Hofheim , Biblis , Wattenheim and Nordheim, were incorporated into the newly created district of Worms , which emerged from the district of Worms .

On September 1, 1939, when German troops marched into Poland, the Second World War began , the effects of which were even more dramatic than the First World War and the number of victims estimated at 60 to 70 million people. The church in Nordheim burned down completely inside in 1945 due to the effects of the war. In the final phase of the Second World War in Europe, the American units reached the Rhine between Mainz and Mannheim in mid-March 1945. On March 22nd, the 3rd US Army crossed the Rhine near Oppenheim and occupied Darmstadt on March 25th. In the first hours of March 26, 1945, American units crossed the Rhine near Hamm (district Worms-Ibersheim with Ibersheimer Wörth ) and south of Worms, from where they advanced on a broad front towards the Bergstrasse. On March 27, the American troops were in Lorsch, Bensheim and Heppenheim and a day later Aschaffenburg am Main and the western and northern parts of the Odenwald were occupied. The war in Europe ended with the unconditional surrender of all German troops, which came into effect on May 8, 1945 at 11:01 p.m. Central European Time.

The Grand Duchy of Hesse was a member state of the German Confederation from 1815 to 1866 and then a federal state of the German Empire . It existed until 1919, after the First World War, the Grand Duchy for was republican written People's State of Hesse . In 1945 after the end of the Second World War , the area of ​​today's Hesse was in the American zone of occupation and by order of the military government, Greater Hesse was created , from which the state of Hesse emerged in its current borders.

With the establishment of Greater Hesse, the areas on the right bank of the Rhine and thus Nordheim were assigned to the Bergstrasse district . The district on the left bank of the Rhine became part of Rhineland-Palatinate in 1946 in the administrative district of Rheinhessen .

Post-war and present

As the population figures from 1939 and 1946 show, Nordheim also had to cope with many refugees and displaced persons from the former German eastern regions after the war .

After the war, the volunteer fire brigade was founded in 1947 and the culture and sports community (KSG Nordheim) was founded in 1948, and the reconstruction of the Nordheim church began in 1952. This was used as a simultaneous church from 1708 and is still available today as a place of worship for both Christian denominations .

In 1961 the district size was given as 1398  ha , 180 ha of which were forest.

After the population lived largely from agriculture until after the Second World War, the structural change in agriculture and the designation of new building areas from the 1960s onwards meant that this no longer plays a role today. Today more than 90% of the working population of Nordheim are employed outside the town.

On December 31, 1970, as part of the regional reform in Hesse, the previously independent municipality was incorporated into Biblis together with Wattenheim on a voluntary basis. For Nordheim and Wattenheim local districts with local advisory council and local councilor were established in accordance with the Hessian municipal code by means of the main statute . The boundaries of the local districts follow the previous district boundaries.

In 1979 Nordheim celebrated its 850th anniversary when the town was mentioned in 1129 in a donation from Bishop Burgchard von Worms to the provost of Neuhausen Abbey. On November 1, 1985, the L3261 bypass road, which had been planned since 1963 to relieve local traffic, was completed and opened to traffic.

Courts in Hessen

In the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt, the judicial system was reorganized in an executive order of December 9, 1803. The “Hofgericht Darmstadt” was set up as a court of second instance for the Principality of Starkenburg. The jurisdiction of the first instance was carried out by the offices or the landlords. The Lampertheim Office was responsible for Biblis. The court court was the second instance court for normal civil disputes, and the first instance for civil family law cases and criminal cases. The superior court of appeal in Darmstadt was superordinate.

With the formation of the regional courts in the Grand Duchy of Hesse, the Lorsch regional court in the Heppenheim district was the court of first instance from 1821 . On December 16, 1839, at the instigation of the Grand Ducal Hessian Ministry of the Interior and Justice, the Gernsheim district court was set up, to which Großrohrheim, Biblis, Wattenheim and Nordheim were assigned from the Lorsch district court district.

On the occasion of the introduction of the Courts Constitution Act with effect from October 1, 1879, as a result of which the previous grand-ducal Hessian regional courts were replaced by local courts at the same location, while the newly created regional courts now functioned as higher courts, the name was changed to the Gernsheim district court and the district was assigned to the district court Darmstadt .

With effect from October 1, 1934, the district court of Gernsheim was repealed and the districts Biblis, Groß-Rohrheim, Hammer-Aue, Maulbeer-Aue, Nordheim and Wattenheim were assigned to the district court of Worms , and the remaining districts to the district court of Groß-Gerau .

With the assignment of the right bank of the Worms district to the Bergstrasse district in 1945, the district court district also changed and Nordheim came to the Lampertheim district court .

Population development

• 1600: approx. 220 inhabitants
• 1806: 731 inhabitants, 131 houses
• 1829: 936 inhabitants, 142 houses
• 1867: 887 inhabitants, 159 houses
Nordheim: Population from 1806 to 2016
year     Residents
1806
  
 731
1829
  
 936
1834
  
 1,038
1840
  
 1,051
1846
  
 1,053
1852
  
 1,029
1858
  
 1.005
1864
  
 934
1871
  
 923
1875
  
 861
1885
  
 798
1895
  
 796
1905
  
 826
1910
  
 840
1925
  
 906
1939
  
 868
1946
  
 1,230
1950
  
 1,213
1956
  
 1.166
1961
  
 1,165
1967
  
 1,266
1970
  
 1,316
1980
  
 1,450
1996
  
 1,715
2002
  
 1,755
2011
  
 1,746
2012
  
 1,824
2016
  
 1,709
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; Biblis parish; 2011 census

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Nordheim was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Religious affiliation

• 1829: 733 Evangelical-Protestant (= 78.31%), 21 Jewish (= 2.24%) and 182 Catholic (= 19.44%) residents
• 1961. 923 Protestant (= 79.23%), 221 Catholic (= 18.97%) residents

politics

Local advisory board

For Nordheim there is a local district (areas of the former municipality of Nordheim) with a local advisory board and a local mayor according to the Hessian municipal code . The local advisory board consists of seven members. Since the local elections in 2016, it has had four members of the SPD , two members of the CDU and one member of the FLB (Free List Biblis). The head of the village is Renate Weissbrodt (SPD).

coat of arms

The split coat of arms shows a golden key with eight stones in the upper half. This key was the symbol of the Bishop of Worms , who was the landlord in Nordheim in the early Middle Ages.

In the lower part of the coat of arms three ears of wheat are depicted in gold, as a sign of a pronounced agriculture .

Culture and sights

dialect

Nordheim lies in the dialect area of ​​the Hessian Ried . The following poem, which originally comes from the Palatinate and was translated into the local dialect by the citizens of Nordheim in the summer of 1992, provides a sample.

dialect Standard German 
Wu leid Noorde?
Dut en Noordmer mol verreise,
ob noh Bayern, ob noh Preisse,
staunt er oft, daß manche Leit,
froge wu donn Noorde leid.

Wo liegt Nordheim?
Verreist ein Nordheimer,
ob nach Bayern, ob nach Preussen,
staunt er oft, dass manche Leute
fragen wo Nordheim liegt.

Is donn des net allerhand,
daß ma noch im Bundesland,
sou en Bildungstiefstand findt,
wisse mißts doch jeres Kind.

Ist das nicht allerhand,
dass man noch in der Bundesrepublik,
so einen Bildungstiefstand findet,
das müsste doch jedes Kind wissen.

Noorde leit doch ganz zentral
zwischen Oz jan un Ural,
ja es leid fascht in de Mitt,
zwische Riga un Madrit.

Nordheim liegt doch ganz zentral
zwischen Ozean und Ural,
ja es liegt fast in der Mitte,
zwischen Riga und Madrid.

Orrer wann des klarer iss,
zwische Schwarzwald un Paris.
Zwische Hamburg un de Schweiz,
korz vor Biwwels, ja dou leits.

Oder wenn das klarer ist,
zwischen Schwarzwald und Paris,
zwischen Hamburg und der Schweiz,
kurz vor Biblis, ja da liegts.

Noorde des leit mittedrin,
zwische Ourewald un Rhoi,
zwischen Neckar un em Moan,
grad am Fuß vun de Burg Sto.

Nordheim das liegt mittendrin,
zwischen Odenwald und Rhein,
zwischen Neckar und dem Main,
gerade am Fuß der Burg Stein.

Wu die Bergstroß südwärts zieht,
wus am allererschte bliht,
in de Mitt leits jedenfalls,
zwischen Spessart un de Palz.

Wo die Bergstraße südwärts zieht,
Wo es am allerersten blüht,
in der Mitte jedenfalls,
zwischen Spessart und der Pfalz.

Noorde leit aach mittenoi,
zwische Deitschlands beschdem Woi.
Wie e Schälche um de Hals,
legt sich Rhoigau, Bergstroß, Palz.

Nordheim liegt auch mittendrin,
zwischen Deutschlands bestem Wein.
Wie ein Schal um dem Hals,
legen sich Rheingau, Bergstraße, Pfalz.

Doumit wärs wohl gedeit,
wie zentral doch Noorde leit,
un wanns aner noh net waas,
macht mich des ach gar net haas.

Damit wäre es wohl gedeutet,
wie zentral doch Nordheim liegt,
und wenn es jemand noch nicht weiß,
macht mich das auch gar nicht heiß.

Alle Noordmer die werns wisse,
wu se Noorde suche misse,
un weil ich en Nordmer bin,
finn ich immer wirrer hin.

Alle Nordheimer werden wissen,
wo sie Nordheim suchen müssen,
und weil ich ein Nordheimer bin,
finde ich immer wieder hin.

Buildings and natural monuments

  • The remains of Stein Castle are in the Steiner Forest, and the Bergstrasse-Odenwald Geopark is now responsible for maintaining it. The local history association has put up information boards about the history of the castle.
  • The Burg-Stein-Museum is located in the old town hall of Nordheim. It is run by the Association for Local History in Nordheim and shows finds from the excavation there as well as models that illustrate the development of the castle from Roman times through the Carolingian times to its heyday in the Middle Ages.
  • An old oak tree on the banks of the Rhine gave the Rhine ferry its name in 1734. In the old Nordheim court record book it was called the "Fahr" am Eichbaum. The trunk diameter in 1997 was about 1.67 m.
  • The ferry tower on the banks of the Rhine served as permanent accommodation for the ferrymen on the Rheindürkheimer Fahrt. After you had already found a river crossing in the Middle Ages, a then modern yaw ferry was set up here in 1894 . Hanging on a 500 m long rope, which was held above the surface of the water by a series of boats , she used the current of the river as a drive for the ferry trip.

Personalities

  • Friedrich Karl Castelhun (1828–1905), doctor and poet (emigrated to America with his parents in 1846)
  • Sebastian Glaser (1842–1899), member of the state parliament and mayor of Nordheim from 1883 to 1899
  • Konrad Karl Glaser (1876–1956), member of the state and Reichstag, was from 1919 mayor of Nordheim.
  • Jakob Friedrich (1861–1914), Member of the 2nd Chamber of the Land estates of the Grand Duchy of Hesse

literature

  • Carlo Gobs (Ed.): Geschichte e. Parish 836–1986; occasion d. 1150 year celebration. Biblis parish, 1986.
  • Georg W. Wagner: Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg, volume October 1 , 1829.
  • Literature about Nordheim in the Hessian Bibliography

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h Nordheim, Bergstrasse district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of April 17, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ a b Biblis in the mirror of the numbers. In: Website of the municipality of Biblis. Accessed November 2017.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f Timetable of the Biblis community. (1900-1944). Biblis parish, accessed December 15, 2014 .
  4. ↑ Karl Josef Minst (transl.): Lorscher Codex (Volume 1), Certificate 26, May 26, 836 - Reg. 3285. In: Heidelberg historical stocks - digital. Heidelberg University Library, p. 86 , accessed on May 1, 2016 .
  5. ↑ a b c Local history of Nordheim. Biblis parish, December 31, 2012, archived from the original on December 11, 2014 ; accessed on December 15, 2014 .
  6. ^ Martin Armgart: German Order Coming Ibersheim. In: Palatine monastery dictionary. II, Kaiserslautern 2014, p. 361.
  7. ^ Adolf Trieb: Ibersheim am Rhein. Worms / Eppelsheim 1911, pp. 39, 43.
  8. ↑ Certificate: HStAD inventory A 1 No. 167/17  In: Archive Information System Hessen (Arcinsys Hessen).
  9. ^ A b Wilhelm Müller: Hessian place names book: Starkenburg . Ed .: Historical Commission for the People's State of Hesse. tape 1 . Self-published, Darmstadt 1937, DNB  366995820 , OCLC 614375103 , p. 516-518 .
  10. ^ City chronicle of Bürstadt. City of Bürstadt, archived from the original on October 6, 2014 ; accessed on June 14, 2015 .
  11. ^ M. Borchmann, D. Breithaupt, G. Kaiser: Kommunalrecht in Hessen . W. Kohlhammer Verlag, 2006, ISBN 3-555-01352-1 , p. 20 ( partial view on google books ).
  12. ^ A b c Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg . tape 1 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt October 1829, OCLC 312528080 , p. 171 ( online at google books ).
  13. ^ Johann Friedrich Kratzsch : The newest and most thorough alphabetical lexicon of all localities in the German federal states . Part 2nd volume 2 . Zimmermann, Naumburg 1845, OCLC 162810705 , p. 251 f . ( Online at google books ).
  14. ^ Johann Friedrich Kratzsch : The newest and most thorough alphabetical lexicon of all localities in the German federal states . Part 2nd volume 2 . Zimmermann, Naumburg 1845, OCLC 162810705 , p. 113 ( online at google books ).
  15. ↑ Law on the Conditions of the Class Lords and Noble Court Lords of August 7, 1848 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1848 no. 40 , p. 237–241 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 42,9 MB ]).
  16. ^ Ordinance on the division of the Grand Duchy into circles of May 12, 1852 . In: Grand Ducal Hessian Ministry of the Interior (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette 1852 No. 30 . S. 224–229 ( online at the Bavarian State Library digital [PDF]).
  17. ^ Ph. AF Walther : The Grand Duchy of Hessen: according to history, country, people, state and locality . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1854, DNB  730150224 , OCLC 866461332 , p. 297 ( online at google books ).
  18. ↑ a b Ph. AF Walther : Alphabetical index of residential places in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1869, OCLC 162355422 , p. 64 ( online at google books ).
  19. ^ Lists of casualties of the German army in the campaign 1870/71. In: Online project fallen memorials. Archived from the original on May 6, 2015 ; accessed on May 10, 2018 .
  20. ↑ Karl-Heinz Meier barley, Karl Reinhard Hinkel: Hesse. Municipalities and counties after the regional reform. A documentation . Ed .: Hessian Minister of the Interior. Bernecker, Melsungen 1977, DNB  770396321 , OCLC 180532844 , p. 200 .
  21. ↑ main statute. (PDF; 19 kB) § 5. In: Website. Biblis community, accessed October 2019 .
  22. ↑ a b main statute. (PDF; 7 kB) 2nd amendment. In: website. Biblis municipality, accessed January 2020 .
  23. ^ Ordinance on the implementation of the German Courts Constitution Act and the Introductory Act to the Courts Constitution Act of May 14, 1879 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1879 no. 15 , p. 197–211 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 17.8 MB ]).
  24. ^ Ordinance on the reorganization of district courts (Section 2, Paragraph 6) of April 11, 1934 . In: The Hessian Minister of State Jung (Hrsg.): Hessisches Regierungsblatt. 1934 No. 10 , p. 63 ( Online at the information system of the Hessian State Parliament [PDF; 13.6 MB ]).
  25. ↑ a b List of offices, places, houses, population. (1806) HStAD inventory E 8 A No. 352/4. In: Archive Information System Hessen (Arcinsys Hessen), as of February 6, 1806.
  26. ↑ Selected data on population and households on May 9, 2011 in the Hessian municipalities and parts of the municipality. (PDF; 1.8 MB) In: 2011 Census . Hessian State Statistical Office;
  27. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  28. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 1 . Großherzoglicher Staatsverlag, Darmstadt 1862, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 894925483 , p. 43 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  29. ↑ Local Advisory Board Nordheim. In: website. Biblis municipality, accessed January 2020 .
  30. ^ Burg-Stein-Museum Nordheim. In: museums in hesse. Accessed January 2020 .