St. Adelgundis (Anhausen)
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St. Adelgundis is the Catholic parish church in Anhausen near Augsburg . The veneration of St. Aldegundis is first attested here by an inscription on a bell from 1459. The bell was melted down in 1942.
history
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The church was given its present shape between 1708 and 1716. Hans Georg Mozart (1647–1719) from Augsburg , a distant relative of the composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791), is named as the architect and builder . The previous building dates from the Gothic period and originally had a pointed church tower. The church was rebuilt and restored several times, most recently in 2012. The interior design can be assigned to the baroque style .
church
The church consists of a small entrance area, a large nave and an elongated choir room. Three themes dominate the interior design:
- Stories with angel motifs from the Old and New Testament (ceiling frescoes)
- The life of the church patroness Adelgundis (gallery painting, left side altar)
- The Passion of Jesus Christ (angel figures and stations of the cross)
Furnishing
Vault frescos in the choir
The vault frescos in the eastern area of the church (choir) are the work of the Augsburg painter Johann Georg Melchior Schmidtner (1625–1705) or his workshop, as the master had already died when the frescoes were created. The frescoes in the nave are also said to come from this painting school. The large central picture in the top of the vault shows the Archangel Michael on a bank of clouds. Underneath there is a church building on a rock spire. A group of ecclesiastical and secular dignitaries in festive robes are lined up around the rock. The inscription on the ribbon on the left and right of the archangel reads: "Archangelus Michael - Princeps Ecclesiae".
This main picture is surrounded by four smaller pictures in curved frames. The four images represent:
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- An angel prevents Abraham from sacrificing his son Isaac (Genesis, ch. 22)
- An angel shows the evangelist John the heavenly Jerusalem (Revelation, ch. 21)
- King David appears to an angel with sword and skull (Psalm 83)
- An angel accompanies St. Adelgundis while Christ appears to her in a cloud halo (from the life of the Adelgundis)
Vault frescos in the nave
In the nave there are two large frescoes in the central area of the dome with the themes:
- The archangel Gabriel announces the birth of Jesus to Mary (Luke, chap. 1)
- Jacob sees in a dream a ladder that reaches from earth to heaven and on which angels ascend and descend (1st book of Moses, chap. 23)
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These two main images are framed by four medallions:
- The archangel Rafael accompanies Tobias with the fish on his journey (Book of Tobias, chap. 11)
- An angel frees Peter from dungeon (Acts of the Apostles, chap. 12)
- An angel admonishes Joseph in a dream to accept Mary as his wife (Matthew, chap. 1)
- The Archangel Michael argues with the devil over the body of Moses (Letter from Judas)
Fresco partially covered by the organ:
- An angel appears to Hagar and promises help for Ishmael: Hagar sees a well from which she draws water for her child (Genesis, ch. 21)
In front of the choir arch and above the organ there are two more pictures each depicting the four evangelists Matthew, John, Luke and Mark with their symbols.
Gallery painting
The gallery parapet was painted in 1948 by the art professor and painter Otto Michael Schmitt (1904–1992), who lived in Anhausen for many years. The cycle of pictures describes the life of the church patroness Adelgundis.
The inscription on the left picture reads: “St. Adelgundis wants to remain celibate. St. Adelgundis flees across the Sambre River. St. Adelgunis lives in the wild. "
The inscription on the right picture reads: “St. Adelgundis is accepted into the order. St. Adelgundis builds the Maubeuge monastery. St. Adelgundis dies in the Lord. "
The inscription in the central gallery reads: “Christ our King. Have mercy on us."
Below the west wall of the gallery is another wall fresco from 1716. It depicts an angelic concert .
Altars
The theme of the high altar is the Assumption of Mary into heaven. In the center of the picture, Mary kneels on a cloud. To the left of her stands the risen Christ, who hands her the crown that he receives from God the Father. The dove of the Holy Spirit hovers over the scene.
The altarpiece comes from the well-known church painter Johann Georg Dieffenbrunner (1718–1785), who also painted the two side altars. The signature on the left side altar, Dieffenprunner pinxit 1746 , attests to the painter and the time when the altarpieces were created.
The left side altar is dedicated to the church patroness Adelgundis. Adelgundis is portrayed as the king's daughter in a splendid dress. The monastery founded by Adelgundis in Maubeuge is visible on the left edge of the picture. An angel leads them to meet Christ, who already has a new, simple vestment ready for them.
The theme of the right side altar is St. Anna, who teaches the blond, curly haired young Maria to read. Three small putti watch the scene from a cloud. In the background you can see a palm tree in a biblical landscape.
Origin of the bones on the left side altar
When a wooden coffin with human bones was found near the left side altar in 1496, it was assumed that it was the bones of the church patroness Adelgundis. The bones were reburied in a stone coffin and placed in the church choir. There he was surrounded by an iron grating. He stayed at this point until 1714. Then the pastor at that time made the decision to remove the body of the alleged St. To have Adelgundis set up on the left altar dedicated to her for public veneration. After consultation and with the approval of the Episcopal Ordinariate, the bones in the monastery of the English Misses in Augsburg were restored and recast. On Sunday, July 1, 1714, they were presented to the public in a solemn service and exhibited in the Anhaus church. It is now assumed that the bones are the remains of a noblewoman from Anhausen.
Origin of the bones on the right side altar
The body of St. Vincent gave Pope Pius VI. the general of the Jesuit order P. Romberg, who kept it in the Jesuit church in Augsburg. When the monastery was dissolved, the monastery servant Joseph Reiter received it and gave it to the parish church of Anhausen. The bones have been in Anhausen since 1812 and are exhibited in the right side altar. St. Vincent is especially venerated in Spain and Portugal.
pulpit
The pulpit is attached to the south wall of the nave and protrudes far into the pews. It was made in 1728. On the lower ledge are the symbols of the four evangelists. On the front, on a cartouche with inscriptions, is the Latin request to the preacher: “Clama ne cesses.” (“Shout, do not let up.”). On the top of the pulpit sit three putti holding up two tablets of the law with the ten commandments. The eye of God is enthroned at the top of the pulpit.
Crucifixion group
The crucifixion group on the north wall of the nave is the work of an unknown artist. The grieving Mother of God stands on a pedestal under the crucifix. As a sign of pain in her soul, she carries a dagger in her right hand, which is pointed at her body.
Inscription board
On the south side wall of the nave there is a sandstone-colored plaque at head height. This is the ceiling slab of a stone sarcophagus, in which the alleged bones of St. Adelgundis were kept. The bones were found on the left side altar in 1496 and were believed to be those of the church patroness. Today the bones rest behind a glass wall on the left side altar and are thus visible to the public. The gothic inscription on the sandstone tablet reads: “because one zalt mcccclxxxxvi jar / on sant lux day / is the hailig junkfraw / sant adilgundis / in dies stain grave / placed in front of the altar / the vil hundred jar / was buried… /… /… and is / is laid like the stain. "
Arma Christi angel
Ten angel figures are lined up in wall niches on the left and right longitudinal walls of the church. These carry weapons, torture devices and other objects related to the suffering and death of Jesus Christ. An angel carries z. B. the crown of thorns, one a lance, a third the handkerchief of Veronica. The angels are awarded to the Augsburg artist Andreas Hainz, who made them in 1715.
Stations of the Cross
14 oil paintings in the choir and nave are dedicated to the same theme (crucifixion of Jesus). They are numbered and show different stages of the crucifixion. They date from the second half of the 18th century.
Apostle pictures
In the immediate vicinity of the stations of the cross there are 12 oval images of the apostles on the inner wall of the church. They come from the painter Johann Georg Kuen and were made in 1716.
More wooden figures
On the left of the high altar there is the figure of St. Ulrich and on the right the figure of St. Afra . Both are the patrons of the Augsburg diocese. Ulrich is shown with a crosier and fish. Afra stands tied to a tree trunk, flames stick out at her feet.
On the north wall of the choir is the figure of St. Adelgundis attached. As the patron saint of the church, she is placed highest of all figures. She wears a religious robe and holds the abbess staff in her left hand and a rulebook in her right hand.
organ
The organ was built by the Augsburg organ builder Max Offner in 1957. For this purpose, parts of the old organ were reused. Today it consists of 14 registers and 900 pipes . The oak case is the work of the Anhaus master carpenter Johann Spengler.
literature
- Catholic Parish Office Sankt Adelgundis (Ed.): Parish Church Sankt Adelgundis Anhausen . Sankt Ulrich Verlag, Augsburg 1995.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Diocese of Augsburg
- ↑ St. Adelgundis at Schwabenmedia
- ↑ Heimatgeschichtlicher Verein Diedorf (2000): Diedorfer Archiv-Blätter, Heft 3, S. 8 .
- ↑ Heimatgeschichtlicher Verein Diedorf (2000): Diedorfer Archiv-Blätter, Heft 3, p. 10 .
Coordinates: 48 ° 20 ′ 21.1 ″ N , 10 ° 46 ′ 29.8 ″ E