Philip Lovel

Philip Lovel († December 29, 1258 in Hanslope ) was an English clergyman and minister.

origin

The exact origin of Philip Lovel is unclear. He was with the family Lovel from Oxfordshire used a family of gentry , which according Minster Lovel named. He was certainly related to William Lovel († 1213), maybe he was a younger son of his. Lovel is first mentioned in 1223 when he attests to a document from Bishop Richard Poore of Salisbury.

Marriage, Children, and Clerical Change

Lovel was married and had at least three children with his wife, whose name is unknown:

Philip Lovel the Younger
Amicia Lovel ⚭ Richard de Curzon of Derbyshire
Henry Lovel

Before 1231, however, he was ordained a clergyman and subdeacon . From Nicholas de Verdon he received the rectorate at Lutterworth in Leicestershire . The Verdons were vassals of the Earls of Winchester , and perhaps through this connection Lovel entered the service of Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester . Quincy was not only an English magnate, but also owned land in Galloway, southwest Scotland , and held the court office of the Constable of Scotland . From 1240 at the latest, Lovel attested to numerous documents from Roger de Quincy, in whose service he rose to become the administrator of his English possessions. Lovel also accompanied Quincy to Scotland and probably gained good contacts with the Scottish government. In 1246 or 1247 he received the income of the parish of Hanslope in Buckinghamshire from William Mauduit .

Change to the service of the crown

William Mauduit held the court office of the Chamberlain of the Royal Exchequer . It is therefore likely that Lovel was at least temporarily in the service of King Henry III of England . had confessed when he received the benefice of Hanslope from Mauduit. Before 1249, Lovel had moved from de Quincy's service to the Crown's service. In November 1249, through the intercession of John Mansel, he became one of the judges responsible for the Jewish population in England. As an official and advisor to the king, he took a crusade vow in 1250, which he did not carry out. In late September 1251 he was accused of accepting bribes from wealthy Jews. In return, he is said to have granted them tax breaks. These allegations likely came from his rival Robert de la Ho , who also served as a judge for the Jewish population. Thereupon Lovel fell out of favor with the king. He offered a fine of 10 marks in gold , and since both John Mansel and members of the Scottish government stood up for him, he quickly regained the favor of Henry III.

Treasurer service

On August 27, 1252, at the intercession of Mansel, Lovel was appointed Treasurer of the Royal Exchequer . In early 1257, in gratitude for Lovel's services, the king attempted to be elected Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield . This failed, however, when the monks of the cathedral priory of Coventry elected Roger de Meuland as the new bishop. During Lovel's tenure as treasurer, there was a crisis in the royal finances, among other things because of the distribution of offices and income to the relatives and favorites of the king, but above all because of the king's Sicilian adventures . Lovel tried to solve this financial crisis by imposing forced loans, strict taxation of the Jewish population and increasing demands on the county sheriffs. In 1255 he was given the task of overseeing the collection of royal incomes in eight Midlands counties . He is said to have carried out this check very strictly. In the spring of 1258, a group of nobles revolted against the king's policies. These took over the management of the government and in June 1258 issued the Provisions of Oxford . Lovel was initially allowed to keep his office until he was accused in October 1258 of having levied arbitrary taxes.

Replacement, death and inheritance

Lovel had apparently lost the confidence of the State Council, which was dominated by the opposition barons, and was replaced on November 2nd. Because of the charges against him, he was handed over to Roger Bigod, 4th Earl of Norfolk , Lord Marshal . After paying a large sum of money, he was released and retired to his parish in Hanslope, where he died shortly afterwards. According to the chronicler Matthew Paris , he died of frustration because the king refused to forgive him.

Lovel had received a number of other benefices for his services. He became principal of Stanground in Huntingdonshire and of Rock in Worcestershire . In addition, he was canon of at least two benefices at St Paul's Cathedral in London. At his death he owned the Snorscombe estate in Northamptonshire and other lands at Little Brickhill in Buckinghamshire, Littlebury in Essex and Dunton in Warwickshire . He had bought these properties mainly from 1252 onwards. Upon his death, they were confiscated by the Crown, but eventually divided between his heirs. These were his three children and his relative John Lovel († 1287), a judge and illegitimate son of John Lovel from Minster Lovel. Lovel's younger son, Henry, had also become a clergyman and served as his father's executor.

Web links

Nicholas Vincent: Lovel, Philip (d. 1258). In: Henry Colin Gray Matthew, Brian Harrison (Eds.): Oxford Dictionary of National Biography , from the earliest times to the year 2000 (ODNB). Oxford University Press, Oxford 2004, ISBN 0-19-861411-X , ( oxforddnb.com license required ), as of 2004

Individual evidence

^ Grant G. Simpson: The Familia of Roger de Quincy, Earl of Winchester and Constable of Scotland . In: KJ Stringer (Ed.): Essays on the Nobility of Medieval Scotland , John Donald Publishers, Edinburgh 1985, ISBN 0-85976-113-4 , p. 110.
^ Grant G. Simpson: The Familia of Roger de Quincy, Earl of Winchester and Constable of Scotland . In: KJ Stringer (Ed.): Essays on the Nobility of Medieval Scotland , John Donald Publishers, Edinburgh 1985, ISBN 0-85976-113-4 , p. 108.
^ Grant G. Simpson: The Familia of Roger de Quincy, Earl of Winchester and Constable of Scotland . In: KJ Stringer (Ed.): Essays on the Nobility of Medieval Scotland , John Donald Publishers, Edinburgh 1985, ISBN 0-85976-113-4 , p. 111.

predecessor	Office	successor
William Haverhill	Lord High Treasurer 1252–1258	John Crakehall

personal data
SURNAME	Lovel, Philip
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	English clergyman and minister
DATE OF BIRTH	12th century or 13th century
DATE OF DEATH	December 29, 1258
Place of death	Hanslope

[1] Grant G. Simpson: The Familia of Roger de Quincy, Earl of Winchester and Constable of Scotland . In: KJ Stringer (Ed.): Essays on the Nobility of Medieval Scotland , John Donald Publishers, Edinburgh 1985, ISBN 0-85976-113-4 , p. 110.

[2] Grant G. Simpson: The Familia of Roger de Quincy, Earl of Winchester and Constable of Scotland . In: KJ Stringer (Ed.): Essays on the Nobility of Medieval Scotland , John Donald Publishers, Edinburgh 1985, ISBN 0-85976-113-4 , p. 108.

[Grant103.-3] Grant G. Simpson: The Familia of Roger de Quincy, Earl of Winchester and Constable of Scotland . In: KJ Stringer (Ed.): Essays on the Nobility of Medieval Scotland , John Donald Publishers, Edinburgh 1985, ISBN 0-85976-113-4 , p. 111.