Philipp Christoph von und zu Erthal
Philipp Christoph Reichsfreiherr von und zu Erthal (* 1689 ; † June 17, 1748 in Mainz ) was Obermarschall, “Vice Cammer President” in the Electorate of Mainz and worked as an architect . He came from the Erthal family , which provided Würzburg and Bamberg bishops and, with Philipp Christoph's son Friedrich Karl Joseph von Erthal , the last elector of Mainz.
As a so-called “cavalier architect” trained in France, von Erthal introduced the French classicist style into baroque Mainz and is, among other things, the builder of the Erthaler Hof in Mainz.
Life
Philipp Christoph von und zu Erthal was born in 1689. His father, Philipp Valentin Freiherr von Erthal auf Schwarzenau, Elfershausen and Hetzlos, belonged to the Elfershausen line of the noble Erthal family, which is based near Kissingen, and was an official of the Würzburg bishop . His mother was Katharina Barbara von Aufseß .
Erthal was initially intended for the clergy. At the age of 13 he was brought to the Domcellar at the Mainz Cathedral in 1702 . After completing his spiritual training, however, he returned to the secular status in 1714 to continue the von Erthal family.
In 1717 he married Maria Eva Freiin von Bettendorff . He had ten children with her (seven sons and three daughters). One of the sons was the last Elector of Mainz, Friedrich Karl Joseph von Erthal , and another was the Prince-Bishop of Würzburg and Bamberg, Franz Ludwig von Erthal . Further descendants were Lothar Franz von Erthal (canon), Heinrich Carl Ignatius von Erthal, Maria Anna Magdalena von Erthal, Maria Sophia Margaretha Catharina von Erthal , Johann Ludwig Nepomuk von Erthal, Maria Amalia Elisabetha Franziska von Erthal, Franz Philipp Ludwig Carl Anton von Erthal , Carl Philipp Friedrich Anton von Erthal and Theoderich Carl Wolfgang Damian Xaver von Erthal. When his wife died at the age of 44, he married for the second time in 1743, this time Maria Elisabeth Claudia, an imperial countess of Reichenstein, widowed Baroness von Venningen. . Erthal quickly made a career at the electoral court in Mainz. The appointment to the “Kurmainzischen Privy Council” was followed by other offices and titles. 1719–1748 he was bailiff in the Lohr office . Elector Johann Friedrich Karl von Ostein finally appointed him on May 29, 1745 as Obermarschall and "Vice Cammer President".
On May 14, 1748, Philipp Christoph von und zu Erthal died in Mainz at the age of 59 and was buried in the St. Emmeran's cemetery in Mainz.
Activity as an architect
His aristocratic origins made a main occupation as an architect impossible for Christoph von Erthal. One way out was to work as a so-called "gentleman architect", i. H. the combination of professional activity with aristocratic hobby work as an architect. As part of a “cavalier tour” to France, he made contact with the French court architect Germain Boffrand , whose style was to have a lasting influence on him. He also worked closely with the Mainz court architect Maximilian von Welsch , for example on artistic issues at the electoral pleasure palace Favorite .
Through his training at Boffrand, Erthal - together with another gentleman architect , Anselm Franz Freiherr von Ritter zu Groenesteyn - brought the new French classicism to Mainz, which was still baroque. From 1734 he built the Erthaler Hof , one of the numerous aristocratic palaces in Mainz , for his family near what was then Thiermarkt, today's Schillerplatz . As an architect, he was involved in the planning of the Würzburg residence in 1720 . He also advised on the construction of the Bruchsal Palace .
Erthal was also active in other fields. He modernized and renewed the saltworks in the salt town of Orb . On behalf of the Archbishop of Mainz, he outsourced the entire salt production chain from the city. Between 1729 and 1748 he created a spacious, new saltworks with brewhouses, salt stores, workshops and 10 graduation towers with blackthorn twigs in front of the city gates, as a replacement for the straw walls that had been common up until then.
literature
- Wolfgang Balzer: Mainz. Personalities of the city's history . Kügler Verlag, Ingelheim 1985-1993
- Wolfgang Balzer: Mainz. Personalities of the city's history - Volume 3: Business people, epochal pioneers, builders, fast nights, eccentrics , originals, ISBN 3-924124-05-1
- Johannes Kist: Franz Ludwig Frhr. v. Erthal. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1961, ISBN 3-428-00186-9 , p. 371 f. ( Digitized version ). (mentioned as father there)
- Werner Loibl : The father of the prince-bishop Erthals - Philipp Christoph von und zu Erthal (1689–1748) . History and Art Association Aschaffenburg e. V., edited by Heinrich Fußbahn. Volume 64, Aschaffenburg 2016, ISBN 978-3-87965-126-9 . See Chapter II: The “Hofkavaliersarchitekt”. Pp. 99-282.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Werner Loibl: The father of the prince-bishop Erthals - Philipp Christoph von und zu Erthal (1689-1748) , p. 93
- ↑ Werner Loibl: The father of the prince-bishop Erthals - Philipp Christoph von und zu Erthal (1689–1748) , pp. 99–139.
- ↑ Werner Schulze-Seeger, ORB 1300 years of brine and salt , Orbensien-Verlag, 1994, pp. 38–40
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Erthal, Philipp Christoph from and to |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German architect |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1689 |
| DATE OF DEATH | June 17, 1748 |
| Place of death | Mainz |