Bulky Schüppling

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Bulky Schüppling
Pholiota squarrosa2.jpg

Bulky Schüppling ( Pholiota squarrosa )

Systematics
Class : Agaricomycetes
Subclass : Agaricomycetidae
Order : Mushroom-like (Agaricales)
Family : Trussling relatives (Strophariaceae)
Genre : Schüpplinge ( Pholiota )
Type : Bulky Schüppling
Scientific name
Pholiota squarrosa
( Weigel  : Fr. ) P. Kumm.

The Sparrige Schüppling ( Pholiota squarrosa ) is a type of fungus from the family of the Trümmling relatives (Strophariaceae). It is considered poisonous in recent literature, but it can be eaten well cooked.

features

Macroscopic features

The initially rounded, closed and later arched to spread cap reaches a width of 40–100 (–150) mm. Its surface is dry, the pale yellow ground is densely covered with red-brown, sparsely protruding scales. The edge is rolled up for a long time. The lamellas that have grown up to just run down and close together are initially pale yellow and later when the spores mature they are brown in color. The spore powder is rusty brown in color. The pale yellow and rust-brown scaly, smooth stalk above the fibrous-fringed ring ( annulus ) is 5–15 cm long and 5–15 mm wide. The base is reddish brown and often tapered. The pale yellow meat ( trama ) tastes and smells similar to radish .

Microscopic features

The spores are elliptical, have a very fine germ pore and measure 6.5–8 µm × 4–4.5 µm. Chrysocystids are present and have a completely yellow colored content.

Species delimitation

The Sparrige Schüppling is a classic doppelganger of some Hallimas ( Armillaria  sp.) It differs through the coarser, clearly protruding and firmly attached scales and the brown spore powder, while its doppelganger has a white spore powder. In addition, the stem of the honey mushroom is never scaly.

The Sparrige Schüppling can also be confused with a number of other Schüpplinge. The gold skin scabbard ( Pholiota aurivellus ) has a clearly greasy hat surface that is slimy when wet and has scales pressed against the hat. The poplar shabby ( Hemipholiota populnea ) is much paler and more beige-gray in color. It grows on poplar trees and has a distinctly bitter taste. The quite rare fire-scabbard (Pholiota flammans) also has sparsely protruding scales, but is more vividly yellow to orange-yellow in color and usually grows on dead coniferous branches lying on the ground. The also very similar pale schüppling ( Pholiota squarrosoides ) has a greasy, sticky cap skin between the dry scales and a fruit-like smell. Microscopically, it can be clearly distinguished by its much smaller spores.

  • Honey mushrooms, like the dark honey mushroom shown here, have a white spore powder and no bulky, scaly stem.

  • The Goldfell-Schüppling has a clearly greasy hat with pressed scales.

  • The poplar schüppling is paler, more beige-gray in color and grows on poplars.

  • The fire-schüppling is bright yellow to orange-yellow in color and grows on conifers

  • The pale schüppling has a greasy hat skin between the dry scales and a fruity odor.

Ecology and phenology

The Sparrige Schüppling grows in large clusters of dead or living hardwood (more often apple trees, at the base of the trunk), rarely also on coniferous wood (often spruce). The species is very common in Central Europe and can be found particularly on street, park and fruit trees. Bulky Schüpplinge cause white rot , the breakdown of living wood is slow.

The fruiting bodies usually only appear in autumn and late autumn.

swell

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Michael W. Beug: POISONOUS AND HALLUCINOGENIC MUSHROOMS. In: http://academic.evergreen.edu . Retrieved October 28, 2013 .
  2. ↑ Ewald Gerhardt: FSVO manual mushrooms . 3. Edition. BLV, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-405-14737-9 , p. 251 (one-volume new edition of the BLV intensive guide mushrooms 1 and 2).
  3. ↑ Ewald Gerhardt: Mushrooms. Volume 1: Lamellar mushrooms, pigeons, milklings and other groups with lamellas (=  spectrum of nature / BLV intensive guide ). BLV, Munich / Vienna / Zurich 1984, ISBN 3-405-12927-3 , p. 227 .

Web links

Commons : Sparriger Schüppling ( Pholiota squarrosa )  - album with pictures, videos and audio files