Phosphorus (V) sulfide

Structural formula
General
Surname	Phosphorus (V) sulfide
other names	Phosphorus pentasulfide; Tetraphosphorus decasulfide; wrongly: diphosphorus pentasulfide;
Molecular formula	P 4 S 10
Brief description	yellowish powder
External identifiers / databases
EC number	215-242-4
ECHA InfoCard	100,013,858
PubChem	14817
Wikidata	Q415704
properties
Molar mass	444.54 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	2.09 g cm −3
Melting point	286-290 ° C
boiling point	513-515 ° C
solubility	decomposes in water
safety instructions
H and P phrases	H: 228-260-302-332-400
	EUH: 029
	P: 210-260-231 + 232-273-370 + 378-422
MAK	DFG / Switzerland: 1 mg m −3 (measured as inhalable dust )
Toxicological data	389 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , rat , oral )
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Phosphorus (V) sulfide is a hygroscopic chemical that is mainly used for the synthesis of other products. It usually occurs as a P ₄ S ₁₀ molecule and is often incorrectly called di- phosphorus pentasulfide.

presentation

Phosphorus (V) sulfide is obtained by melting the elements white phosphorus and sulfur together at approx. 300 ° C.

properties

The structure corresponds to that of phosphorus pentoxide .

The highly flammable and harmful phosphorus (V) sulfide hydrolyzes with water (including air humidity) to form foul-smelling and very poisonous hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S) and phosphoric acid . Phosphorus (V) sulfide is readily soluble in carbon disulfide . P ₄ S ₁₀ can catch fire from friction, and contact with moist air can lead to spontaneous combustion.

use

Phosphorus (V) sulfide is used for the synthesis of organic substances containing sulfur and phosphorus, in particular insecticides and zinc dialkyldithiophosphates (additives for lubricants). Phosphorus (V) sulfide can also be used to produce the nerve agent VX (" dual use "). For the preparative production of thiophenes, 1,4-dicarbonyl compounds are also reacted with phosphorus (V) sulfide. Amides can be converted into thionamides by reaction with phosphorus (V) sulfide :

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Entry on diphosphorus pentasulfide in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on January 8, 2018(JavaScript required) .
↑ Entry on Diphosphorus pentasulphide in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on February 1, 2016. Manufacturers or distributors can expand the harmonized classification and labeling .
^ ^A ^b A. F. Holleman , E. Wiberg , N. Wiberg : Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry . 102nd edition. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-11-017770-1 , p. 788.
↑ Swiss Accident Insurance Fund (Suva): Limits - Current MAK and BAT values (search for 1314-80-3 or phosphorus (V) sulfide ), accessed on November 2, 2015.
↑ G. Brauer (Ed.), Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry 2nd ed., Vol. 1, Academic Press 1963, pp. 565-568.

[GESTIS-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Entry on diphosphorus pentasulfide in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on January 8, 2018(JavaScript required) .

[CLP_100.013.858-2] Entry on Diphosphorus pentasulphide in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on February 1, 2016. Manufacturers or distributors can expand the harmonized classification and labeling .

[Holle-3] A ^b A. F. Holleman , E. Wiberg , N. Wiberg : Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry . 102nd edition. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-11-017770-1 , p. 788.

[4] Swiss Accident Insurance Fund (Suva): Limits - Current MAK and BAT values (search for 1314-80-3 or phosphorus (V) sulfide ), accessed on November 2, 2015.

[5] G. Brauer (Ed.), Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry 2nd ed., Vol. 1, Academic Press 1963, pp. 565-568.