Pi (letter)

Pi (letter)
pronunciation
antique	[ p ] ​​
modern	[ p, b ] ​​
Equivalents
Latin	Pp
Cyrillic	Пп
Hebrew	פ
Arabic	پ
Phoenician	?
transcription
From the ancient world	p
From the modern	p
Coding Capitals Unicode number U + 03A0 Unicode name GREEK CAPITAL LETTER PI HTML HTML entity Minuscule Unicode number U + 03C0 Unicode name GREEK SMALL LETTER PI HTML HTML entity

The Pi ( ancient Greek πεῖ , Neugriechisch πι , Majuskel Π, minuscule π) is the 16th letter of the Greek alphabet , and has according to the Milesian system the numerical value 80th

variant

The variant form ϖ of the minuscule (or also ) was the usual spelling for the Byzantines . It is also found in the earliest prints. Both forms, and , have been in use side by side since the Middle Ages, the form ϖ is still used in Greek cursive scripts today, but as a printed letter it has disappeared from the normal Greek script. Today, the application area of ​​the variant is limited to mathematics , physics , astronomy and technology ; there it represents an independent symbol. ${\displaystyle \varpi }$ ${\displaystyle \pi \ }$ ${\displaystyle \varpi }$ ${\displaystyle \varpi }$

use

• In physics , π denotes
  • the π meson , see pion ,
  • the osmotic pressure Π,
  • a canonically conjugated momentum , to distinguish it from kinetic momentum or in field theory .
• In math
  • denotes the circle number , ${\displaystyle \pi \approx 3{,}141592653589793\ldots \ }$
  • is often used as a symbol for permutations , ${\displaystyle \pi \ }$
  • denotes the lemniscatic constant (as an analogue to the circle), ${\displaystyle \varpi \ }$
  • the product sign indicates the multiplication of several mathematical objects, ${\displaystyle \Pi }$
  • the upside-down capital letter denotes the coproduct ( ) ${\displaystyle \coprod }$
  • denotes the prime number function . ${\displaystyle \pi (x)}$
• In computer science denotes a projection (relational algebra) . ${\displaystyle \pi }$
• In chemistry referred ${\displaystyle \pi }$
  • the pi bond
  • the pi complex
• In astronomy denotes the length of the periapsis . ${\displaystyle \varpi \ }$
• In the Polyamory flag, the π stands for the first letter "P" in Polyamory.
• In economics , π denotes the inflation rate .
• In business administration , π is often used to denote profit .
• on pressure equipment (gas bottles, ...) the mark of an approval according to Directive 2010/35 / EU for movable pressure equipment (Transportable Pressure Equipment Directive, TPED)
• The expression "π times thumb" or "wrist times π" is popularly used in estimations .

Examples

• Pythagoras ( Πυθαγόρας )
• Πάντα ῥεῖ, ουδὲν μένει. ( Panta rhei , ouden menei. "Everything flows, nothing stays.")
• Plato ( Πλάτων , Plátōn )
• Protagoras ( Πρωταγόρας )

Character encoding

	Uppercase Π	Minuscule π	Minuscule ϖ (variant)	Product mark ∏
Unicode codepoint	U + 03A0	U + 03C0	U + 03D6	U + 220F
Unicode name	GREEK CAPITAL LETTER PI	GREEK SMALL LETTER PI	GREEK PI SYMBOL	N-ARY PRODUCT
HTML	& # 928;	& # 960;	& # 982;	& # 8719;
HTML entity	Π	π	& piv;	& prod;

Others

In macOS , π and ∏ on the keyboard are assigned as follows: + and + + . ⌥Optionp⌥Option⇧ Shiftp

Web links

Commons : Pi  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Wiktionary: Pi  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations