Piarists

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Piarist coat of arms

The Piarists (derived from Latin pius “pious”, for example “the pious”) are members of the Catholic male order of the Ordo Clericorum Regularium Pauperum Matris Dei Scholarum Piarum ( order abbreviation : SP ). Its members are mainly priests who work in education and school service.

overview

The Piarists go back to a founding of the Spaniard, St. José de Calasanz (* 1557, † 1648 in Rome ). In 1597, Calasanz, later canonized, built the first free school for poor children in rooms belonging to the monastery of the Church of Santa Dorotea in the poor Roman district of Trastevere . On March 6, 1617, a new congregation was brought into being in the Church through the Breve Ad ea per quae of Pope Paul V. It was the Pauline Congregation for the Poor of Our Lady of the Pious Schools ( Latin Pauperum Matris Dei Scholarum Piarum ).

After the death of Pope Paul V, José von Calasanz found in Michelangelo Cardinal Tonti a colleague for the establishment of an order. On November 28, 1621 Pope Gregory XV. the Pauline Congregation on the Order through the Bull In Supremo Apostolatus . The constitution was approved a little later, on January 31, 1622 .

The order has been active in Italy and Spain (Italian Scolopi , Spanish Escolapios ) since it was founded. Already nine years after the license to practice medicine, the first location north of the Alps was in Nikolsburg (Mikulov) in Moravia ; from 1689 branches followed in Austria , Bohemia , Hungary and today's Slovakia and Poland . In the 18th century the order ran 24 high schools in Austria and was the leading school system in the middle education system; his literary activities were particularly recognized.

After the Reich Primary School Act was passed in 1869 , many Piarist schools were secularized from 1870 onwards . Today there are Austrian branches in Vienna (Provinzialat), Horn and Krems .

Known members

General Superiors

  • Josep Maria Balcells (1985 - July 8, 2003)
  • Jesús María Lecea Sáinz (2003-2009)
  • Pedro Aguado (since 2009)

Other members

See under Category: Piarist .

Monasteries

literature

  • Otto Biba : The cultural significance of the Piarist order in Austria up to the end of the 18th century , Vienna, 1974, published under the title The Piarist order in Austria: its significance for the visual arts, music and theater in the 17th and 18th centuries , in: Yearbook for Austrian Cultural History , 5, 1975.
  • Karl AF Fischer: Directory of the Piarists of the German and Bohemian Order Province ; Catalogus generalis provinciae Germanicae et Bohemicae ordinis scholarum Piarum. R. Oldenbourg, Munich 1985, ISBN 3-486-51111-4 .
  • Oswald Panagl: Piarists. In: Oesterreichisches Musiklexikon . Online edition, Vienna 2002 ff., ISBN 3-7001-3077-5 ; Print edition: Volume 4, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-7001-3046-5 .
  • Heinrich Pleticha: Piarists and high school students. School life in old Prague . Vitalis, Furth im Wald, Prague 2001, ISBN 3-934774-40-7 .
  • Susan Richter : Moral show = stage = games - the role of school theater in the teaching concept of the Piarist order in the 18th century , in: Hans Heid (ed.): The Rastatt Residence in the mirror of the holdings of the historical library. Book accompanying the exhibition “300 Years of Rastattt Residence”. Rastatt 2007, pp. 209-228.
  • Metoděj Zemek, Jan Bombera, Aleš Filip, Pavel Kollar: Piaristé v Čechách, na Moravě a ve Slezsku 1631 až 1950. Scholae piae Prievidza. TEXTM pre Kolégium piaristů Prievidzi, Prievidza 1992, ISBN 80-85716-02-X ( Czech ).

Web links

Commons : Piarists  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ German: Order of the poor regular clerics of the Mother of God of the pious schools .
  2. ↑ a b History of the Piarist Order ; Accessed June 21, 2009.
  3. ^ Reiner Elsinger: Heimatbuch Nikolsburg . 1988.