Pierre Durand (ship, 1916)
 Torpilleur Pierre Durand 1922
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
.svg){kind=small}
The Pierre Durand came into service as a large torpedo boat of the so-called official draft 1913 with the German Imperial Navy in July 1916 as V 79 . The boat, which was built at the Vulcan shipyard in Hamburg , had to be delivered to France in 1920, where it entered the service of the French Navy as Pierre Durand .
V 79 was one of the large torpedo boats that were temporarily used from the coast of Flanders and in the English Channel during World War I and it took part in the First Sea Battle in the Strait of Dover in October 1916 . After the end of the war it served with seven also delivered boats of the similar war draft 1916Ms in the 4th destroyer flotilla of the French Navy. In 1933 it was painted with another five formerly German boats and scrapped in Toulon the following year .
history
The large torpedo boats of the 1913 draft were a departure from the 1911 draft and an attempt to procure smaller, inexpensive boats. The new design reached the size of the British destroyer, but had a lighter armament. They were the first torpedo boats of the Imperial Navy to be powered only by oil. As with the procurement of torpedo boats for the Imperial Navy since the beginning of the century, the construction contracts went to the Schichau-Werke in Elbing , the Germania shipyard in Kiel and to the AG Vulcan in Stettin , after which the boats with the first letters of the respective shipyards (S, G , V) and numbers.
In addition to the main shipyard in Stettin, AG Vulcan had built a second shipyard in Hamburg in 1914 for the construction of large ships. After the beginning of the First World War , the shipyard was involved in the processing of naval orders and from 1914 built the 18 boats V 67 to V 84 , 25 small A-boats and a larger number of submarines . All of the 1913 official draft torpedo boats built in Hamburg had uniform dimensions with a length of 82 m over all, a width of 8.32 m and a draft of 3.9 m. They were thus a little shorter than the long boats of the original shipyard. The boats from Hamburg displaced 924/1188 t. Upon delivery, the boats were armed with three 8.8 cm L / 45-C 14 cannons up to the V 81 delivered in July 1916 , and then with three 10.5 cm L / 45-C 16 Tk cannons switch. The boats previously delivered were retrofitted accordingly, with the exception of the three V 72 , V 75 and V 76 lost in the Gulf of Finland in November 1916 .
The V 79 launched on April 18, 1916 , was the 13th Vulcan type 1913 built in Hamburg to be taken over by the navy in July 1916 and joined the IX. Torpedo boat flotilla, which with three boats had suffered the heaviest losses of the T flotillas in the Battle of the Skagerrak .
Calls
As the leader of the 17th half flotilla, V 79 took part in the first German attack on the Dover Barrier in October 1916. With V 80 , V 60 , S 51 , S 52 and S 36 , the association should pass the barrier and look for targets in the English Channel , while the III. Torpedo boat flotilla was supposed to destroy parts of the barrier. The advance into the English Channel was unsuccessful as the British had largely stopped traffic across the Channel in the dark in anticipation of such an attack. The returning semi-flotilla encountered the destroyer Nubian of the British readiness division, who first arrived at the attacked barrier alone , and who initially believed the German boats leaving the channel to be British units. The 17th half flotilla passed the British destroyer and shot him to the wreck. The Nubian's attempt to ram the last of the German boats resulted in a torpedo hit under the bridge of the British boat, which destroyed the foredeck and exploded the forward oil tanks. Fifteen men died on the Nubian , which was drifting on the canal as a burning wreck and finally stranded off South Foreland after breaking the tow connection . The intervention of the sister ship Amazon , which also arrived individually, prevented the sinking of the Nubian , but led to serious damage and five deaths on the Amazon , which received two hits: one destroyed the stern gun, the second the rear boiler room. The British destroyers did not score a hit on the German boats returning to their base.
The IX. Torpedo boat flotilla was soon withdrawn from Flanders because it was needed more urgently in the North Sea. V 79 belonged to the 17th half flotilla of the IX until the end of the war. T-Flotilla in the North Sea . In 1919 the boat was one of the service boats of the " Iron Flotilla " in Wilhelmshaven.
In French service
France, which had only built a few modern destroyers during the World War, took over the large destroyer S 113 as Amiral Sénès in 1920 and eight large torpedo boats from the fleet of the Imperial Navy, which were last used in the "Iron Floftille", as war booty for the French Navy. V 79 was the oldest of these boats. Two boats built at Howaldt in Kiel had not been used in the war, the other five had recently formed the 2nd half-flotilla, but did not have to accompany the deep-sea fleet to Scapa Flow during the surrender, but were with the "Iron Flotilla" of the (provisional) Imperial Navy remained. They were referred to as "Torpilleur de Escadre" and were given the names of members of the French navy who died in the World War .
Buino ex V 130
Deligny ex S 139
Marcel Delage ex H 147
V 79 was transferred to France on June 14, 1920 together with S 134 as the second pair of boats and was then renamed Pierre Durand and incorporated into the French Navy. The gunner Pierre Jean Durand who fell on the Bouvet was honored with the naming . Eight formerly German large torpedo boats formed the 4th French destroyer flotilla in the Mediterranean . At the end of 1929, the Pierre Durand formed the 10th semi- flotilla with the two Howaldt boats Rageot de la Touche (ex H 146 ) and Marcel Delage (ex H 147 ) and the newer Vulcan boat Buino (ex V 130 ). Because of the influx of more modern ships, both Vulcan boats were canceled in 1933, while the other two boats were kept as reserve boats until 1935. After the cancellation, the boats were scrapped.
After the demolition of Pierre Durand in 1934, the Italian Ardimentoso ex S 63 was only a (converted) boat of the 71 boats, the largest torpedo boat class of the former Imperial Navy.
Overview of the former German torpedo boats of the French Navy
| Surname | ex | Launch | finished | size | period of service |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pierre Durand | V 79 | 04/18/1916 | 07/11/1916 | 924 t, 82.0 m | Deleted February 1933 |
| Buino | V 130 | 11/20/1917 | 02.1918 | 924 t, 82.0 m | Deleted February 1933 |
| Chastang | P. 133 | 09/01/1917 | 02.1918 | 919 t, 83.1 m | Deleted August 1933 |
| Vesco | P. 134 | 08/25/1917 | 01.1918 | 919 t, 83.1 m | Deleted July 1935 |
| Mazaré | P. 135 | 10/27/1917 | 03.1918 | 919 t, 83.1 m | Deleted July 1935 |
| Deligny | P. 139 | 11/20/1917 | 04.1918 | 919 t, 83.1 m | Deleted August 1933 |
| Rageot de la Touche | H 146 | 01/23/1918 | 10.1918 | 990 t, 84.5 m | Deleted in 1935 |
| Marcel Delage | H 147 | March 13, 1918 | 07.1920 | 990 t, 84.5 m | Deleted February 1933 |
| Amiral Sénès | P 113 | January 31, 1918 | 08.1919 | 2,060 t, 106.0 m | 1936 |
literature
- Henry Newbolt: History of the Great War - NAVAL OPERATIONS , Vol. 4, Longmans, Green, London 1928
- John Jordan, Jean Moulin: French Cruisers: 1922-1956 , Seaforth Publishing (2013), ISBN 1-84832-133-3 .
Web links
- Large torpedo boat 1913 , on german-navy.de
- Henry Newbolt: History of the Great War - NAVAL OPERATIONS , Vol. 4, Longmans, Green, London 1928 , on naval-history.net
- Destroyers français , on Battleships-cruisers.co.uk
- Pierre Durand , on navypedia.org
- Navires de surface cédés à la france - Site pages 14-18
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Newbolt: Naval Operations, Vol. 4
- ↑ Recovered later, the rear part of the hull of the Nubian was connected to the forecastle of the Zulu, which was also badly damaged in 1916, to form the new destroyer Zubian .