Pietro Rotari

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Count Pietro Antonio Rotari (born September 30, 1707 in Verona , † August 31, 1762 in Saint Petersburg ) was an Italian painter . He worked in Italy, Vienna, Dresden and as a court painter in Saint Petersburg, where he was best known for his portraits.

Queen Maria Josepha , wife of August III of Poland and Saxony, in Polish costume. Portrait of Rotari 1755. Dresden, Gemäldegalerie

Life

Rotari was born the son of the doctor Sebastiano Rotari (1667–1742) and his wife Anna (nee Fracassi) in Verona. At first he only studied painting to pass the time. When his teacher Antonio Balestra (1666-1740) recognized his talent, he embarked on a career as a painter. He was with Balestra until 1725 and then went to Venice for two years , where he copied paintings by Titian and Paolo Veronese . From 1728 he was in Rome with Francesco Trevisani (1656–1746), where he devoted himself to studying antiquity, among other things. In 1731 he went to Naples to join Francesco Solimena (1657–1747), where he stayed until 1734. He then lived again in Verona, where he built a reputation for himself as a painter of religious paintings in his own studio and with his own school. His Annunciation (L Annunciazione) in Guastalla and his birth of the Virgin in Padua , the Four Martyrs in Verona (1745, Ospedale di S.Giacomo) were particularly well known. In 1749 he was awarded the title of Count (Conte) for his services. Later he went via Vienna (around 1751) to Dresden (1752 or 1753), where he was a sought-after painter at the court of the Saxon Elector and Polish King August III . After trying in vain to apply to court in France, he went to Saint Petersburg in 1756. He became court painter there after he had great success with the painting of Tsarina Elisabeth . He was also in favor with Peter III and Katharina II - he portrayed them and she later bought his series of portraits depicting human passions (with which he was already known in Dresden) and used them to decorate a hall in Peterhof . Rotari also produced a series of portraits of women, children and men from the Russian people and numerous other portraits of people from Russian society and the court. Empress Elizabeth gave 50 of these portraits of women from Russia to the Russian Academy of Arts and 360 were in the Cabinet of Fashions and Graces in Peterhof, and Catherine II also bought more (she acquired most of Rotari's estate for 14,000 rubles). He also painted a few large historical paintings in Saint Petersburg.

In 1762 he was sent to Courland to restore the paintings in the castles of Mitau and Ruhental . He died in Saint Petersburg in August 1762 of constipated colic , which he had tried in vain to treat himself.

He was one of the teachers of the Russian portrait painter Fyodor Stepanowitsch Rokotow and Alexei Petrovich Antropow .

gallery

literature

  • Bartolommeo Gamba: Pietro Rotari . In: Galleria dei letterati ed artisti illustri delle provincie veneziane nel secolo decimottavo . tape 2 . Alvisopoli, Venice 1824, p. 62–63 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  • John Gould: Biographical Dictionary of Painters…. Volume 2, London 1838.
  • Spooner: Biographical history of fine arts. Volume 2, New York 1865.
  • CR Nyblom: Rotari, Pietro . In: Theodor Westrin, Ruben Gustafsson Berg (eds.): Nordisk familjebok konversationslexikon och realencyklopedi . 2nd Edition. tape 23 : Retzius – Ryssland . Nordisk familjeboks förlag, Stockholm 1916, Sp. 980 (Swedish, runeberg.org ).
  • A. Holck: Rotari, Pietro . In: Christian Blangstrup (Ed.): Salmonsens Konversationsleksikon . 2nd Edition. tape 20 : Renden – Schinkel . JH Schultz Forlag, Copenhagen 1926, p. 433 (Danish, runeberg.org ).
  • Raffaelo Brenzoni: Rotari, Pietro Antonio (Conte) . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 29 : Rosa – Scheffauer . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1935, p. 82-83 .
  • Marco Polazzo: Pietro Rotari pittore veronese del settecento (1707-1762). Verona 1990.
  • Gregor JM Weber: Pietro Graf Rotari in Dresden. An Italian painter at the court of King August III. Inventory catalog of the Dresden State Art Collections. Exhibition 1999/2000. Emsdetten 1999.
  • Thomas Liebsch: From Dresden to St. Petersburg - Art and Culture Transfer in the Manuscripts of Jacob von Stählin. In: Volkmar Billig, Birgit Dalbajewa, Gilbert Lupfer, Yulia Vashchenko: Image change of Saxon-Russian cultural transfer in the Age of Enlightenment. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne 2009, pp. 243-278.
  • Paolo Delorenzi:  Rotari, Pietro Antonio. In: Raffaele Romanelli (ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 88:  Robusti – Roverella. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 2017.

Web links

Commons : Pietro Rotari  - collection of images, videos and audio files

References

  1. ↑ a b Paolo Delorenzi:  Rotari, Pietro Antonio. In: Raffaele Romanelli (ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 88:  Robusti – Roverella. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 2017.
  2. ↑ Life dates on a memorial stone on the former family seat in Avesa, a district of Verona: “ Qui nella pace della villa paterna temprava l'ingegno e la mano a opere leggiadre il pittore conte Pietro Rotari che in patria in Germania e in Russia mantenne la gloria dell'arte italiana Nato in Verona ai 4 ottobre 1707 - morto alla corte imperiale di Pietroburgo - ai 31 agosto 1762. ”
  3. ^ The Italian drawings. Volume 1, inventory catalog, Klassik Stiftung Weimar, Graphic Collection, Böhlau 2008, p. 266.
  4. ↑ The Emperor held him in high regard and had his portrait displayed in a picture gallery in Florence, today the Uffizi: Self-portrait by Rotari, Uffizi .
  5. ↑ Jacob von Staehlin characterized him when he appeared in Saint Petersburg as an "excellent master of expression"
  6. ↑ Alexander the Great and Roxane 1756, Hermitage.
  7. ^ Stählin after Liebisch From Dresden to Saint Petersburg. In: Cheap u. a .: Change of pictures…. Cologne 2009.
personal data
SURNAME Rotari, Pietro
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rotari, Pietro Antonio (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Italian painter
DATE OF BIRTH September 30, 1707
PLACE OF BIRTH Verona
DATE OF DEATH August 31, 1762
Place of death St. Petersburg