Pyotr Ivanovich Tschardynin

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Pyotr Chardynin

Pyotr Ivanovich Tschardynin (born February 8, 1872 or 1873 in Cherdyn or Simbirsk , Russian Empire ; † August 14, 1934 in Odessa , Soviet Union , today Ukraine ) was a Russian actor and silent film director, one of the outstanding representatives of early cinematography in the Tsarist Empire, " praised by the pre-revolutionary, culturally obsessed bourgeoisie , especially for his literary adaptations. "

Life

Chardynin left school at 16 to go to Moscow. From 1890 he received artistic (musical) training at the Philharmonic Society there, and in the following year Tschardynin also took classical acting lessons from Vladimir Nemirowitsch-Danchenko . First he appeared at the Moscow Philharmonic, later the young artist from the Perm region also appeared at various theaters in the Russian province such as Belgorod , Orechowo-Sujewo , Uralsk and Vologda , where he gave Hamlet in 1901 . Towards the end of the first decade of the 20th century, Chardynin came across cinematography, which had hardly existed in Russia until then.

From 1909 onwards he has appeared in a large number of (mostly short) films, initially as an actor and director, and since the early 1910s almost exclusively as a director. For the majority of his productions, Pyotr Tschardynin was able to win over the most popular screen star of the Tsarist era, Ivan Mosschuchin . Tschardynin's greatest successes were works based on literary models by great local writers such as Fyodor Dostoyevsky , Alexander Pushkin and Lev Tolstoy . Tschardynin also staged adventure stories, dramas and melodramas. His works were particularly valued by the educated upper class of the final phase of the Russian monarchy. As a subject loyal to the state, Tschardynin also shot a cinematic song of praise for the Romanov tsarist family on the occasion of the 300th anniversary of the accession to the throne (" Wozarenije Romanowitsch "). Most recently, he also staged the extremely popular film artist Vera Cholodnaja , who died young . Both celebrated Tschardynin's greatest success in 1918 with the film piece " Moltschi, grust, moltschi ", in which the director reappeared in front of the camera after a long time.

The October Revolution prompted Tschardynin to emigrate to the west a little later. In 1920/1921 he stayed in Italy, Germany and, very briefly, in France. In the spring of 1921 Tschardynin directed a largely unknown film with a purely Belarusian cast in which he (as Peter Tschardin) can also be identified for a small, Belarusian exile company in Berlin. In the same year he left the country again and went to Latvia, where he settled in Riga. In 1923 Tschardynin dared to return to his homeland, which had become communist, and settled on the Black Sea . There Pyotr Tschardynin took up his profession again and made sporadic films for the Odessa Film Studio, but "he found it difficult to catch up with the completely - thematically and stylistically - changed, now Soviet filmmaking." In 1930 he was banned from work by the Soviet authorities occupied. Tschardynin died in 1934, now completely forgotten, of liver cancer in his last adopted home, Odessa. Of his more than 200 pre-revolutionary films (made up to 1917), 34 are said to still exist today.

Filmography

as a director, unless otherwise stated

  • 1909: Borjarin Orscha (co-director, also actor)
  • 1909: Chirurgija (also actor)
  • 1909: Mortwije duschi (also actor)
  • 1909: idiot
  • 1909: Brak
  • 1910: Vadim
  • 1910: Maskarad
  • 1910: Pikovaya dama
  • 1911: Na kanune manifesta 19 fewralja
  • 1911: Bjesdna
  • 1911: Krejzerowa sonata (also actor)
  • 1912: Bratja
  • 1912: Woina i me
  • 1912: Schivoy trup
  • 1912: Tschelowek
  • 1912: Durman
  • 1913: Domik w kolomne
  • 1913: Wozarenije Romanowitsch (co-director)
  • 1914: Mazeppa (co-director)
  • 1914: Rewnost
  • 1914: Sestra miloserdja
  • 1914: Ti pomlis ni?
  • 1914: Sorwanetsch
  • 1914: Krisantemi
  • 1914: W rukatsch bespochatnogo roka
  • 1915: Natascha Rostowa (co-director)
  • 1915: Wlast Tmi
  • 1915: Potop
  • 1915: Wosrojdennije
  • 1915: Komedia smerti
  • 1915: Katyusha Maslowa
  • 1916: Radi Stschastja
  • 1916: Rokowoj talant
  • 1916: Rosa Bjeli
  • 1917: Na altar krasot
  • 1917: U kamina (also camera)
  • 1917: Schenzina rab
  • 1918: Moltschi, grust, moltschi (also actor)
  • 1920: Rasskaz o be poweschinnich
  • 1921. Dubrowsky, the robber ataman
  • 1925: Ukrasija
  • 1926: Taras Shevchenko
  • 1927: Taras Trjassilo
  • 1928: Chervonjets

literature

  • Kay Less : The film's great personal dictionary . The actors, directors, cameramen, producers, composers, screenwriters, film architects, outfitters, costume designers, editors, sound engineers, make-up artists and special effects designers of the 20th century. Volume 8: T - Z. David Tomlinson - Theo Zwierski. Schwarzkopf & Schwarzkopf, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-89602-340-3 , p. 69.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Russian and Ukrainian, but also Western sources give sometimes one, sometimes the other year of birth
  2. ↑ a b Kay Less : The large personal dictionary of the film . The actors, directors, cameramen, producers, composers, screenwriters, film architects, outfitters, costume designers, editors, sound engineers, make-up artists and special effects designers of the 20th century. Volume 8: T - Z. David Tomlinson - Theo Zwierski. Schwarzkopf & Schwarzkopf, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-89602-340-3 , p. 69.
personal data
SURNAME Tschardynin, Pyotr Ivanovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Tschardynin, Pyotr
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian actor and film director
DATE OF BIRTH February 8, 1872 or 1873
PLACE OF BIRTH Cherdyn or Simbirsk , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH August 14, 1934
Place of death Odessa , Soviet Union , today Ukraine