Place Pigalle
| Place Pigalle | |
|---|---|
| location | |
| Arrondissement | 9. |
| quarter | Saint-Georges |
| Junctions | Avenue Frochot Rue Frochot Rue Jean-Baptiste-Pigalle Rue Duperré Boulevard de Clichy |
| morphology | |
| diameter | ~ 70 m |
| history | |
| Emergence | January 16, 1789 |
| designation | December 30, 1864 |
| Original names | Place de la Barrière – Montmartre |
| Coding | |
| Paris | 7440 |
The Place Pigalle is a square in the 9th arrondissement of Paris and is one of the most famous squares in the city.
Location and significance today
The Pigalle is circular m with a diameter of 70th The square is located on the main axis of the Boulevard de Clichy not far from the Sacré-Cœur Basilica , at the foot of the Montmartre hill. In addition to the Boulevard de Clichy, the Rue Jean-Baptiste-Pigalle, Rue Frochot, Rue Duperré, Rue Houdon and Rue André Antoine also flow into the square.
The Pigalle entertainment district around it is named after the square . The world-famous Moulin Rouge variety theater is nearby . Pigalle is now a synonym for the erotic, disreputable and underworld-laden Paris. The district around Place Pigalle and Boulevard de Clichy is now notorious as a red-light district and has an ethnic character.
The Pigalle metro station for metro lines and is located at Place Pigalle .
Name origin
The square was named after the sculptor Jean-Baptiste Pigalle (1714–1785).
history
The square was laid out on the site of an old customs post and opened on January 16, 1789. It was reopened on September 27, 1826 after a redesign. At first it was called Place de la Barrière Montmartre after a fence (French: Barrière ) that separated Montmartre from Paris for customs reasons. On May 22, 1862, architect Gabriel Davioud presented his fountain project in the middle of the square, which was implemented by 1863. On December 30, 1864, it was renamed Place Pigalle . It was then that the nightlife for which it was once so famous began. It is named after the nearby Rue Pigalle , today's Rue Jean-Baptiste Pigalle , which in turn is named after the sculptor of the same name. Artists such as painters, sculptors and writers settled in the area and could meet in artist cafes. The most famous of these was the Café de la Nouvelle Athènes at Place Pigalle 9, where artists such as Edgar Degas , Édouard Manet , Vincent van Gogh and Claude Monet have gathered since 1855 . In a letter dated June 29, 1868, the Directorate for Water and Sewerage of the City of Paris complained about the fountain: "This fountain basin collects all the dirt and even stones and rubble from the boulevard, road workers wash themselves in it, the fish waste flies in from the market." The result was the establishment of a garden around the fountain, so that the fountain was no longer directly accessible.
Regardless of this, the German soldiers housed in the area washed their uniforms in the fountain during the occupation in the Franco-Prussian War on January 22, 1871. The Paris Commune made Place Pigalle and nearby Montmartre the center of their revolutionary efforts on March 18, 1871, when General Bernard de Susbielle moved to Montmartre with around 6,000 soldiers. There were 171 cannons here that were ultimately confiscated. The first shots of the civil war were fired at Place Pigalle , but they were probably the only ones. A captain of the hunting troops was shot down on Place Pigalle . General Lecomte had four times unsuccessfully ordered his troops to fire on unarmed men on Place Pigalle ; eventually he was shot himself. The fighting at Place Pigalle was over after just 20 minutes .
Attractions
- No. 1: Former Café L'Abbaye de Thélème , known as the exhibition space for several painters.
- No. 3: At the corner of Avenue Frochot , the cafe was Rat mort , which was open all night at the end of the 19th century.
- No. 9: Location of the former Café de la Nouvelle Athènes . The photographer Paul Sescau (1858–1926) opened his second studio on the upper floor in 1896 in order to be closer to his artist clientele . The café was called Le Sphynx between 1920 and 1940 and was a strip bar . Rock groups performed here between 1970 and 1980 under the name New Moon . The building burned down in 2004 and was demolished. This place, owned by Hélène Martini for more than thirty years , was the subject of serious study in the book published in Le Seuil at the end of 2017 by David Dufresne , writer and former journalist in particular with Liberation .
- No. 11: The well-known Italian theater Folies Pigalle became a cabaret, then a cinema and from 1991 a disco.
Attributed to Eugène Galien-Laloue , Place Pigalle (around 1910)
The square on the side of the 9th arrondissement
The place in film and literature
The square and its surroundings were often sung about in a romantic way and presented in movies ; Édith Piaf called her LP La Rue Pigalle (title song Elle fréquentait la rue Pigalle ; recorded on May 31, 1939). In his chanson in the musette style, which he wrote in 1944 and published on September 29, 1950, Georges Ulmer describes the clichéd essential function of the square as a “great market of love”. It premiered in the famous Folies Bergère revue . Maurice Chevalier recorded the title Place Pigalle on April 9, 1946, Bill Ramsey sang the hit - Evergreen Pigalle (The Big Mouse Trap) (music: Heinz Gietz , text: Hans Bradtke ; recorded on December 10, 1960). The film Three o'clock at night (premiere: August 24, 1956) takes place around the square. The Pigalle strip (February 1, 1995) depicts the area's shabby, neon-lit underworld. These songs and films also make it one of the most famous places in Paris, but it has lost its former importance. The cabaret and the book are the subject of a cultural program (free download) in October 2017 and January 1, 2018 ( France Culture ).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Baedeker Travel Guide Paris , 2013, p. 293
- ^ Le café “La Nouvelle Athène”, la place Pigalle, la Rat Mort à Paris, September 9, 2005
- ^ WF Carl Schmeidler, Europe and the Franco-German War , Volume 3, 1872, p. 17
- ^ Karl Marx, The Civil War in France , 1891, p. 49
- ^ David P. Jordan, Transforming Paris: The Life and Laboratories of Baron Hausmann , 1995, no page number
- ↑ Emission New Moon - Pigalle , France Culture, David Dufresne, "En 120 ans, le New Moon a eu énormément de vies: QG des impressionnistes, club de jazz, cabaret lesbien ..." , www.franceculture.fr ; lien pour l'écoute media.radiofrance-podcast.net .
Coordinates: 48 ° 52 '55.7 " N , 2 ° 20' 14.1" E