Port Eliot
| Port Eliot | |
|---|---|
 The mansion from the north, in the background the church towers |
|
| Creation time : | 18th and 19th centuries |
| Conservation status: | receive |
| Geographical location | 50 ° 23 '50.3 " N , 4 ° 18' 36.9" W |
Port Eliot is a manor house on the Rame peninsula in Cornwall in Great Britain . The mansion is just north of the church in the village of St Germans west of the River Tiddy . Both the manor house and the surrounding park are classified as Grade I cultural monuments .
history
Probably around 1046, when the episcopal see was moved from St Germans to Exeter , a secular canon monastery was built at the church of St Germans . The monastery was converted into an Augustinian canons monastery around 1170 , which was called Porth Prior because of its location on a tributary of the Tiddy River . During the Reformation under Henry VIII , the monastery was dissolved and the building was leased by the Champernowne family, who sold it in 1564 to the merchant adventurer John Eliot from Plymouth . The Eliot family used the former monastery building as a residence.
At the beginning of the 18th century, a side arm of the Tiddy River was drained by the construction of a dam, creating the terrain for the park. Part of the old monastery building was demolished in the 18th century and new Georgian-style buildings were built instead . Edward Eliot , who had inherited the property in 1782 and was made Baron Eliot in 1784 , commissioned Humphry Repton to redesign the Pleasureground and the park in 1792 . After the death of the 1st Baron in 1804, his third son John Eliot , who was made the first Earl of St. Germans in 1815, inherited the property. He had the house and outbuildings rebuilt by John Soane from 1804 to 1806 , with the house being expanded and given a new facade. Eliot had the pleasure ground redesigned by William Sawrey Gilpin . Ownership and title inherited in 1823 by his brother William Eliot , who had Henry Harrison add a new farm wing in 1829 and moved the main entrance from the east to the west facade.
To this day, Port Eliot is owned by the Eliot family. The manor house and the park are used for numerous events, including the Port Eliot Festival , which has been taking place since 2003 , a national literature and music festival. The house and garden can be viewed from March to July.
investment
Mansion
The extensive building complex with an irregular floor plan is located 20 m north of the Church of St Germanus. The core of the building is still made up of parts of the medieval monastery building, but the majority of the building dates from the early 18th century. Another wing with the round hall goes from the rectangular main house to the north-east, while the farm wing, which was added in the 19th century, is in the north-west. The two-storey house made of plastered quarry stone is covered with slate roofs behind crenellated parapets. The main entrance is on the west facade.
The manor house has around 100 rooms, the representative rooms include the large dining room, the drawing room, which was formerly the refectory of the priory, and the round hall with wall paintings by Robert Lenckiewicz . Most of the rooms are furnished with historical furniture, the painting collection includes works by Joshua Reynolds , George Romney and Anthony van Dyck in addition to pictures by Dutch masters .
Outbuildings
The stables are about 270 m northwest of the manor house. They were built by John Soane in the neo-Gothic style from 1802 to 1806 and consist of two parallel buildings that form an inner courtyard. The entrance to the property is the Town Lodge , 80 m southwest of the manor house , a two-storey gatehouse built around 1840 made of green slate with limestone surrounds in Neo- Tudor style .
Garden and park
The 180 hectare property includes 20 hectares of gardens and pleasure grounds as well as a 160 hectare park. The Pleasureground replaces a formal terrace garden from the first half of the 18th century. In the 19th century it was redesigned by Repton and Gilpin, and further changes followed until the end of the 20th century.
The gardens and the Pleasureground, designed as a landscaped garden , extend to the east and south-east of the manor house . The Pleasureground contains curved paths that lead through lawns and wooded terrain interspersed with rhododendrons , camellias and azaleas . By lines of sight to give views on the River Tiddy. The elongated orangery , built around 1790, is located 80 m southeast of the manor house . South of the orangery is a small garden surrounded by yew hedges with four stone busts and a fountain. To the east of this garden is the kitchen garden , which was laid out in the middle of the 18th century and is enclosed by a 4 m high brick wall and still contains an old greenhouse, a herb garden and an orchard. To the northeast of the kitchen garden is an elliptical bowling green with a wooden summer house from the early 19th century. A labyrinth of beech hedges and brick paths was laid out further east towards the end of the 20th century . A battery with six salute cannons from the first half of the 19th century is located southeast of the labyrinth about 530 m from the house on the river bank . To the northwest of the battery is the boat dock with an 18th century boathouse. Until the construction of the railway line in the 1860s, the Eliot family began their journeys to Plymouth and further east from here . The new-axis railway viaduct over the River Tiddy, which was built by Isambard Kingdom Brunel in the middle of the 19th century, is an eye-catcher for the park .
To the north of the house there is a terrace bordered by stone walls, which is followed by a meadow that is separated from the park by a ha-ha . To the northeast of the house is a 20th century swimming pool with a pavilion.
The park, which consists of two parts, extends north and northwest of the house.
- The meadow north of the manor house with individual trees was laid out as a park as early as the 18th century. It borders the Tiddy River to the east and ends at Craggs' Wood , a mixed forest on a small hill above the river. About 500 m northwest of the house are some agricultural buildings that were built in the 18th century on a small lake.
- The north-western part of the park consists of wooded areas, meadows and partly agricultural areas with lines of sight. The park landscape is slightly undulating, the highest point of the park is Great Hill , about 1.2 km northwest of the mansion , a steep hill that shields the mansion and the park from the prevailing northerly winds. The hill is crowned by an Iron Age hill fort and an eye-catcher from several visual axes. To the north and east, the park then slopes down to the River Tiddy, to the west the park merges into agricultural areas.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ The National Heritage List: Port Eliot. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on May 2, 2014 ; Retrieved June 15, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Port Eliot Festival. Retrieved June 25, 2013 .
