St Germans
| St Germans | |||
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| Coordinates | 50 ° 24 ′ N , 4 ° 18 ′ W | ||
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| Residents | 1460 (as of 2011) | ||
| surface | 41.08 km² (15.86 mi² ) | ||
| Population density: | 36 inhabitants per km² | ||
| administration | |||
| Post town | e | ||
| prefix | 01752 | ||
| Part of the country | England | ||
| Unitary authority | Cornwall | ||
| Website: www.stgermans-pc.org.uk | |||
St Germans ( Cornish Lannales ) is a civil parish in Great Britain . The small community is on the Rame Peninsula in southeast Cornwall on the lower reaches of the River Tiddy . The Tiddy flows 2 km south of the municipality into the Lynher , which shortly afterwards merges into the Hamoaze . St Germans includes the villages and hamlets of Bethany , Polbathic and Tideford . In the south the municipality borders on the English Channel, in the west it borders on the municipalities of Deviock , Morval , Menheniot , Quethiock , Landrake-with-St Erney and Sheviock .
history
After the conquest of Cornwall, St Germans Church became Cornwall's first episcopal church in 936 when King Æthelstan made Conan the first bishop of Cornwall. In 1030 the diocese was united with Crediton in Devon . In 1050 the seat of the diocese was moved to Exeter , but the collegiate church continued to give the place prestige and prosperity. According to the Domesday Book of 1086, a market took place in the village on Sundays, but it was abandoned in favor of the market of Trematon . Another market in the municipality is mentioned in 1302. After the monastery was dissolved under Henry VIII, the monastery buildings were leased to the Champernowne family. In 1564, John Eliot of Plymouth bought the property, which has since been the seat of the Eliot family as Port Eliot , who have been earl of St Germans since 1815 . Elizabeth I created a parliamentary electoral district for St Germans, so that from 1563 until the Reform Act 1832 the village could send two MPs to the House of Commons . The electoral district with only a few eligible voters was heavily influenced by the Eliot family and was known as a pocket borough as early as the 17th century .
Around 1600 St Germans was elevated to a market town , but the importance of the place declined to a small fishing village with 672 inhabitants by the beginning of the 19th century. In 1859 the place received a train station on the Plymouth- Penzance line . When the railway company purchased the land for the rail line, the Earl of St Germans insisted that the place get a train station and that his family be given the privilege of stopping any train as needed. The station opened in 1859, and the Eliot family enjoyed the privilege until the nationalization of the railway line in 1947.
In 1905 the first suffragan bishop of the new Anglican diocese of Truro was ordained Bishop of St Germans. Since 1970 there has been a titular bishopric of the Roman Catholic Church named after the former diocese of Sanctus Germanus .
St Germans is twinned with Plouguerneau in Brittany. In 1997, part of the municipality was split off as the new Deviock municipality .
economy
Originally, St Germans was a major fishing port. In the 19th century minerals, coal, wood and limestone were loaded at the dock, and road stones were shipped from St Germans until World War II. Today the port only serves as a marina for pleasure boats.
traffic
St Germans has a train station on the Penzance- Plymouth railway line . The railway line runs over the River Tiddy with a stone viaduct . The thirteen-arched viaduct was built in 1908, replacing a wooden one from 1855. The A38 road runs north of St Germans through the hamlet of Tideford.
Attractions
Parish Church of St Germanus
The current construction of the former collegiate and current parish church of St Germanus dates from the 12th century. The consecration is documented for 1261. The three-aisled church with adjoining choir was originally built from rubble stones with sandstone frames and slate roofs in the Norman style , later it was rebuilt several times in the Gothic style. After centuries of neglect, the north aisle collapsed in 1802 and was not rebuilt until 1888. The church has an imposing double-towered west facade with a richly designed Norman arched portal. The lower part of the two towers is still designed in the Norman style, the northern tower has an octagonal tower from the Early English Period , the southern tower a rectangular tower in the perpendicular style .
Port Eliot
To the north of the church is the Port Eliot mansion , which was given its current appearance through renovation at the beginning of the 19th century. A large landscaped garden extends north and east of the house .
William Moyle's Almshouses
William Moyle's Almshouses is a poor house founded in 1583 . It consists of a row of six houses made of slate, each with a street-side gable. Each house contained a room on the ground floor and one on the upper floor, the upper floor is accessed through an external gallery. In the 20th century the rooms were converted into four apartments.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ History of Parliament Online: St. Germans. Retrieved June 28, 2013 .
- ^ History of Parliament Online: St. Germans. Retrieved June 28, 2013 .
- ^ Port Eliot: The Gardens - the viaduct. Retrieved June 28, 2013 .
- ^ The National Heritage List for England: Railway Viaduct over the River Tiddy. Retrieved June 28, 2013 .
- ^ The National Heritage List for England: Church of St Germanus. Retrieved June 28, 2013 .
- ^ The National Heritage List for England: William Moyle's Almshouses. Retrieved June 28, 2013 .