Leaf tip group

Leaf tip group (noun)

Age : Paleolithic Absolutely : 50,000 - 35,000 BC Chr.
expansion
Central Europe
Leitforms
Leaf-shaped tips worked extensively

As blade tips groups a is transition industry the Old Stone Age between the central and Palaeolithic of about 50,000 to 35,000 v. Chr. Designated. The groups lived in parts of what is now Germany, such as Bavaria, North Rhine-Westphalia and Thuringia. The Bavarian Altmühlgruppe was named that way by Assien Bohmers in 1954 . In the Czech Republic and Hungary, the leaf-tip culture is known as Szeletien . Jürgen Richter believes that the “Altmühlgruppe” should “be discarded in the sense of an independent cultural unit”. Their inventories are part of the late Micoquia .

The namesake for the leaf tip group are the tools of these groups, the leaf tips , which resemble tree leaves. Large, large bay leaf, small beech leaf and long, narrow willow leaf-shaped tips are typical. In addition, there are long oval leaf shapes and scrapers made of flint . The term was coined by Gustav Schwantes . Synonym is beside Altmühl group , the term Präsolutréen used because there is morphological similarities in the tools.

There are no skeletal finds that could be clearly assigned to the leaf tip group, so it was unclear whether the carriers were Neanderthals or early Homo sapiens . Traditionally, the leaf tips are attributed to the late Neanderthals.

Traces of settlement and tools were mainly found in caves.

Sites of the leaf tip group in Germany

North Rhine-Westphalia:

• Remagen- Schwalbenberg
• Brings
• Coesfeld (Kr. Coesfeld),
• Stacking (Lippe district)

Thuringia:

• Ilsen cave near Ranis

Bavaria:

• Small Ofnet cave (Donau-Ries district)
• Wittislingen
• Cave stone rosary (district Eichstätt ),
• Vineyard caves near walls (district Schrobenhausen )
• Zwergloch near Pottenstein
• Upper Klause and Middle Klause near Neuessing
• Time warning
• Buchberg cave (near Straubing ),
• Vilshofen- Albersdorf
• Oberneder cave in the Altmühltal (district Kelheim )
• Kösten near Lichtenfels (Upper Franconia)

Baden-Württemberg:

• Mundelsheim
• Haldenstein cave (Alb-Donau district)

Rhenland-Palatinate:

• Busenberg district

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Jürgen Richter: Paleolithic. The path of early humans from Africa to the center of Europe , Kohlhammer, 2018, p. 174.
2. ↑ Werner M. Cover: The Ilsen cave under Ranis Castle / Thuringia. A paleolithic hunting station. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart 1977.
3. ↑ Assien Bohmers: The Caves of Walls. Part I: Cultural History of Paleolithic Settlement. In: Palaeohistoria. 1 1951, pp. 1-107.
4. ^ S. Gütermann: Blattspitze - first find far in the west , in: Archeology in Germany 01 | 2019, p. 60 f.