Preensberg
Coordinates: 53 ° 54 ′ 25.2 " N , 11 ° 37 ′ 51.6" E
Preensberg has been a desert since 1970 in the area of today's municipality of Benz in the district of Northwest Mecklenburg in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . It is located about ten kilometers east of Wismar . The origin of the place first mentioned on November 26th 1367 is a medieval castle , which was a knight seat .
geography
The desert lies between the Benz districts Gamehl and Goldebee and the Züsow district Alt Tollow. It can be reached south of Landesstraße 11 via unpaved roads. The old pavement can be seen in the traces of the cul-de-sac in the former village, which were left by occasional motor vehicle traffic.
The height of the terrain is about 45 meters above sea level. Over the years, deciduous trees in particular were able to expand. The eastern forest area is known as the owl's nest . To the north of the former location there are two elongated silted areas that are difficult to access due to heavy vegetation, some of which are still shown as open waters in more recent maps.
Isolated debris, bushes, elderberry bushes and overgrown fruit trees still bear witness to the settlement. About 200 meters east of the former location, hills and ramparts on an area lined with field maple point to the location of the first castle.
history
As part of the German Ostsiedlung on former obotritischem area built in the 13th century on a far into the swamp Horst a noble court. It was surrounded by an earth wall, probably reinforced with palisades, with deep trenches in front of it. The knight's farm and living quarters were in the yard. The access was presumably on the easily defendable south side. On the north-east side there was a brick tower surrounded by a separate moat, which in the event of an attack represented a refuge for the residents, which was difficult to take.
The builder is a representative of the Preen noble family , who were already wealthy in the region, for example, mentioned in 1318 on the island of Poel . As early as 1367, however, the Bülows are documented as residents of Preensberg , for example a Henneke from Bulowe van dem Preensberghe in 1367 and Johannes Bulow de Prenesberghe in 1370 . It is believed to be the same person. Since the residents were active as robber barons, these and other castles were in a joint action by the cities of Lübeck , Wismar and Rostock as well as the Mecklenburg Duke Albrecht III. destroyed. Henrike von Bülow, who was probably pardoned, appears as the next owner in a document in 1388 . In the certificate, the Council of Lüneburg stipulates that Henrike will be paid 900 Lübische Marks for his services to the Duke of Lüneburg.
The first castle was not rebuilt, but a larger yard was built about 300 meters south on a hill. It was surrounded by ditches that were partly water-bearing and steeply sloping. It has not yet been established who built this courtyard and when. The Stralendorff family has been the owner of the property since the middle of the 16th century , and the nearby Gamehl estate was also part of their property . In this context, documents from a Neu Preensberg , on which Ulrich von Stralendorff (1506–1576, also owner of Goldebee) sat, and an Altpreensberg with the owner Joachim von Stralendorff († 1581) are reported. The meaning of this subdivision is also not clear.
With the Peace of Westphalia of 1648 Preensberg came under Swedish influence after the end of the Thirty Years War . The final return to Mecklenburg did not take place until the Malmö pledge agreement expired in 1903.
In 1740 Henning Friedrich von Lützow acquired Preensberg for 51,100 mr. Already in 1752 the Holy Spirit Monastery Wismar bought the place for about 50,000 mr. Rooms were set up for the chiefs. From then on tenants were employed for the Preensberg, Benz and Kartlow farms, and the land between Benz and Preensberg was redistributed. Under fierce opposition, farmers from Benz were forced to do court services for Preensberg.
The following list of the buildings and inventory of the village has survived from 1771:
- House, 8 containers consisting
- Bakehouse, 5 containers, 2 floors
- Barn with 12 compartments
- Cattle house, with chicken coop, ox and horse stalls, also cowshed
- Large cattle house, 11 compartments
- Pig pens
- Pigpen
- Gatehouse, 4 compartments and horse stable
- Sheepfold, 7 compartments
- Dutch house, 5 compartments
- Granny flat
- Horse stable and wagon shower
- small pig pen
- Granny flat with 4 apartments.
When in 1789 the Benz farmers agreed to pay a rent of 1,500 marks, Benz and the Meierhof Preensberg were separated again after 36 years and a field was transferred back to Benz. In 1820 a massive half-timbered mansion as well as two half-timbered stables and a barn with a thatched roof were built.
In 1845 Johann Heinrich Düsing sold the estate to Christoph Theodor Kulow for 45,000 marks. For a purchase price of 100,500 marks, it came back into the possession of the von Stralendorf family in 1853, when the manor house was renovated in 1860. In 1857, 56 inhabitants (1895: 50; 1910: 76) and a mill were mentioned for the Preensberg leasehold .
On June 18, 1936, the resettler Emil Schwaan came into possession of the property. In 1939 Preensberg consisted of a hereditary farm and a hereditary leasehold. With the land reform , the land was distributed to four farm workers and six new settlers, and the cattle were raffled. The previous owner, Schwaan, moved to the west. From 1953, the farmers were collectivized in agricultural production cooperatives .
The last residents to leave Preensberg on April 3, 1970 were a pensioner and her granddaughter. The buildings fell into disrepair, after which the place was razed in 1973 . Home meetings have been taking place in the former location since 2006.
Web links
- Literature about Preensberg in the state bibliography MV
- Map of Neuburg from the Königlich-Prussischen Landesaufnahme from 1877 with additions from 1911 on greif.uni-egoswald.de
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c History book Benz - Preensberg, previously available at www.chronik-benz.de/24785home.html
- ↑ a b c d Hartmuth Stange: The riddle of Preensberg. In: Mecklenburg-Magazin of the Schweriner Volkszeitung. 2/2004, p. 9.
- ↑ Early German knight's seat "Oll Hoff" on the Preenberg , information board on site