Provost church (Meppen)

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Provost church St. Vitus, north facade with calvary
View from the west
High altar

The Propsteikirche St. Vitus is a Roman Catholic church in Meppen , Emsland district . It belongs to the parish community Meppen-Süd of the dean's office Emsland-Mitte in the Diocese of Osnabrück and bears the patronage of St. Vitus .

history

Already in the time of Charlemagne there was a small baptistery on a hill in the middle of the old town around 780. New buildings and reconstructions took place in 1225, 1462 and 1870. In 1225 the small church was followed by a larger Romanesque building. In 1462 the provost church was built as a three-aisled late Gothic hall church. From the previous building, the north wall of the east side aisle yoke or, more likely, the north transverse arm has been preserved. The previous building was probably a cruciform church with two nave bays and a choir that was just closed, which can be closed from the wall projections inside. In 1870 the nave was extended by a zygomatic arch in the main and aisles according to plans by Johann Bernhard Hensen . At the same time, today's west building with three portals in neo-Gothic style was built.

The old Romanesque north portal, also known as the “Pilgerpforte” or “Brautpforte”, was walled up and only reopened at the beginning of the 1980s with a door designed by Heinrich Gerhard Bücker . It is related to the rich portals of the hall churches in Billerbeck , Coesfeld and Vreden .

On April 7, 1945, the high tower was hit by grenades and burned out in the upper area. In December 1950, a folding roof was built on the remaining stump based on a design by the Cologne architect Dominikus Böhm .

architecture

Today's three-bay hall church with an almost square floor plan has square central nave and longitudinally rectangular aisle bays. It is illuminated by high three-part windows with fish bubble tracery and grooved reveals . At the south portal the building is dated to 1471. The two-bay choir with a five-eighth end was built in 1461. The interior shows a compact spatial impression due to the low apex of the groin vaults on short, strong columns.

Furnishing

The eye-catcher in the church choir is the large neo-Gothic winged altar in the style of Flemish carved altars from 1895 by the Osnabrück sculptor Heinrich Seling. The altar was donated by the "Petroleum King" Wilhelm Anton Riedemann , a native of Meppen. In the course of the renovation in 2007, a baptism site was created instead of the left side altar. The right side altar is also a work by Seling. The choir stalls and the pulpit are also neo-Gothic.

One of the older works of art is a larger-than-life Man of Sorrows from 1517 by Jöste Beldensnyder, who is probably identical to Jost von Vorden from Münster. A Madonna from the 17th century was probably made as a free copy of an older type by Heinrich Meiering from Rheine. A Vesper picture made of Baumberger sandstone was created in 1685 as a donation by the judge Hermann Morrien in the manner of Wilhelm Heinrich Kocks from Münster. A figure of St. Joseph from the beginning of the 18th century is the only signed work by Theodor Jöllemann.

The organ with a case in baroque forms is a work of the Gebrüder Hillebrand Orgelbau company from 1991 with 40 stops on three manuals and pedal .

I main work C – f 3
1. Drone 16 ′
2. Principal 08th'
3. Gemshorn 08th'
4th octave 04 ′
5. Fifth 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
6th octave 02 ′
7th Cornett V 08th'
8th. Mixture V-VI 00
9. bassoon 16 ′
10. Trumpet 08th'
II Rückpositiv C – f 3
11. flute 08th'
12. Principal 04 ′
13. flute 04 ′
14th flute 02 ′
15th third 01 3 ⁄ 5  ′
16. Quint 01 1 ⁄ 3  ′
17th Scharff IV
18th Krummhorn 00 08th'
Tremulant
III Swell C – f 3
19th Wooden principal 08th'
20th Reed flute 08th'
21st Salizional 08th'
22nd Beat 08th'
23. Principal 04 ′
24. flute 04 ′
25th Nasat 01 1 ⁄ 3  ′
26th Schwiegel 02 ′
27. third 01 3 ⁄ 5  ′
28. Mixture IV
29 English horn 00 16 ′
30th Trumpet 08th'
31. French oboe 08th'
Tremulant
Pedal C – f 1
32. Principal 16 ′
33. Sub bass 16 ′
34. octave 08th'
35. flute 08th'
36. octave 04 ′
37. Back set00
38. trombone 16 ′
39. Trumpet 08th'
40. Trumpet 04 ′
  • Coupling : II / I, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P III / P

Surroundings

On the church square there is a larger than life calvary with Maria, Johannes and Maria Magdalena, which was made in 1517 by Jöste Beldensnyder from Baumberger sandstone . The figure of the good thief is original, the heads of the other figures were removed in the 17th and 18th centuries. Century replaced; the figure of Christ comes from the 19th century. A station of the cross shows the relief of a Pietà from 1715.

literature

  • Carl Knapstein: The provost office of Meppen. 2nd edition, Meppen 1990
  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments. Bremen - Lower Saxony. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich, Berlin 1992, ISBN 3-422-03022-0 , pp. 942-944.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ History of the Propsteigemeinde. Propsteigemeinde St. Vitus, accessed on March 22, 2020 .
  2. ^ Hartwig Beseler, Niels Gutschow: Kriegsschicksale Deutscher Architektur. Loss - damage - reconstruction. Volume I. Karl Wachholtz Verlag, Neumünster 1988, ISBN 3-926642-22-X , p. 303.
  3. ↑ Information about the organ on orgbase.nl. Retrieved December 15, 2018 .

Web links

Commons : Propsteikirche St. Vitus (Meppen)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 52 ° 41 ′ 20.8 ″  N , 7 ° 17 ′ 30.5 ″  E