Pseudopolydora antennata
| Pseudopolydora antennata | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Pseudopolydora antennata | ||||||||||||
| ( Claparède , 1869) |
Pseudopolydora antennata (original combination Polydora antennata ) is an annelid from the family of Spionidae within the class of polychaete (Polychaeta).
features
The yellowish body of Pseudopolydora antennata has no dark pigment and reaches a body length of up to 3 cm with a number of 100 segments .
The prostomium of Pseudopolydora antennata , which is deeply incised at the front , has two or four eyes , a short central antenna at the front and a nodular process (caruncle) at the back, which can extend to the 2nd or 6th segment, as well as two long palps . There are no bristles on the first notopodium . The well developed lobes behind the bristles of the notopodia are finger-like, the lobes behind the bristles of the neuropodia are shorter and broadly rounded. The fifth bristle-bearing segment has capillary-shaped bristles at the front and bristles modified in two U-shaped rows: an outer row with 15 to 30 thick, spatula-shaped braids that are concave near the tip, and an inner row with 15 thick and single-toothed bristles that extend towards the end are swollen. The 8th and subsequent neuropodia carry 20 to 40 strongly bent hooks with hoods, at the end of which there is a small tooth and a little in front of it a larger tooth. Gills sit on the 7th and subsequent segments. A funnel is cut into the pygidium on the back and abdomen.
distribution
Pseudopolydora antennata occurs in the North Sea including the Weser estuary , in the Skagerrak , Isefjord , Öresund to Kiel Bay , in the eastern Atlantic Ocean , Mediterranean and Black Sea , but also in the Indo-Pacific . It lives on all types of substrates from the shore zone to water depths of 80 m.
Habitat and way of life
Pseudopolydora antennata lives in silt, digested silt, sandy silt, coarse sand and algae growth on rocks such as red algae of the genus Lithothamnium . At least temporarily, it can tolerate water with a lower salt content. The ringworm digs vertical tunnels in the soft substrate, which it lines with mucus and which protrude as short tubular pieces made of mucus and substrate particles above the substrate surface.
Development cycle
Pseudopolydora antennata is separate from the sexes. The gametes are released into the open water where fertilization takes place. There is a longer phase than zooplankton , which ends with the sinking to the sea floor and the metamorphosis into a creeping worm. The three swimming larvae appear in the Øresund in late summer and autumn, in the Gullmarfjord from July to early November. With a length of 0.7-0.83 mm, the still swimming larvae have 10 segments, one incomplete prototroch, one complete telotroch and weak eyelashes.
literature
- Gesa Hartmann-Schröder (1996): Annelida, Borstenwürmer, Polychaeta. Tierwelt Deutschlands 58, pp. 1–648, here pp. 317–319, Polydora antennata Claparède, 1868.
Web links
- MJ de Kluijver et al .: Polydora antennata Claparède, 1868. Macrobenthos of the North Sea - Polychaeta, Marine Species Identification Portal