Pszczew
| Pszczew | |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||
| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Lebus | ||
| Powiat : | Międzyrzecki | ||
| Gmina : | Pszczew | ||
| Geographic location : | 52 ° 28 ′ N , 15 ° 46 ′ E | ||
| Residents : | 1826 (2006) | ||
| Postal code : | 66-330 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 95 | ||
| License plate : | FMI | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Rail route : | Wierzbno – Rzepin | ||
| Next international airport : | Poses | ||
Pszczew ( German Betsche ) is a village in the powiat Międzyrzecki of the Lubusz Voivodeship in Poland . It is the seat of the rural community of the same name with around 4300 inhabitants.
Geographical location
The village is located about 14 kilometers northeast of the town of Międzyrzecz (Meseritz) between the Scharziger See and the Klopsee in a landscape protection park.
history
Archaeological finds show that in the prehistoric times various settlements had existed in the water-rich area around today's town and that lawn iron ore was mined here until the 12th century . The place name is of Slavic origin and is probably borrowed either from the word for bee or from the word for shiny and shimmering .
To the site borders a ski jump , in which it is the remnant of a well built by the Pomeranian Wallburg is, with the border of the Duchy of Pomerania should be protected against Polish rulers. A castle complex that was located on the old trade route that passed here was destroyed twice.
In 1256 a capellanus de Pczew (chaplain of Pczew) is mentioned in a document. Another mention as a German village took place in 1259; At that time Betsche was one of the table goods of the Bishop of Posen . The order to found a city is said to have been given in 1288; the associated document was later burned. In 1289 the place became the seat of a provost's office , which comprised sixty places and extended to the Oder . At the beginning of the 15th century the town charter was confirmed by the Bishop of Poznan. During the Thirty Years War the city was repeatedly visited; she also suffered from epidemics.
At the end of the 18th century there were 107 houses, two public buildings and a Catholic church in the city, and it had 581 residents, some of them Poles. The traders included thirteen distillers, a brewer, three bakers, ten tailors, seven cobblers, seven potters, a watchmaker, a barber , a fisherman, three musicians, nine other craftsmen and a shopkeeper .
After the Second Polish Partition , the area came to Prussia . Betsche was one of several noble or clerical possessions whose owners were owned by the Prussian government under King Friedrich Wilhelm III. were expropriated by Prussia on the grounds of participation in the Kościuszko uprising ; the confiscated properties were converted into royal domains and squandered. The previous ecclesiastical possession of Betsche went to Lieutenant General Prince von Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen, who passed it on to Baron Hiller von Gaertringen. The municipality was first incorporated into the Province of South Prussia , then belonged to the Province of Posen , was incorporated into the Grenzmark Province of Posen-West Prussia after the First World War and was part of the Meseritz District in the Province of Brandenburg in the period 1938–1945 . In the 19th century Betsche had a Catholic church, a Protestant church and a synagogue, which was built around the middle of the century.
After the Second World War , Betsche was placed under Polish administration and renamed Pszczew . Unless they had fled the approaching war front, the German residents were expelled .
Population numbers
- 1800: 581, including Poland
- 1816: 958
- 1837: 1,174
- 1858: 1.770
- 1871: 1,809, mostly Catholics
- 1885: 1.942
- 1925: 1.720
- 1939: 1,740
- 2006: 1,826
Attractions
- Former synagogue , built in 1854
- Good with manor house. The manor house goes back to a summer residence of the bishops of Posen, built around 1694, which Rudolf Hiller von Gaertringen had rebuilt in a classicistic style around 1830. After his death in 1866, the manor district, now owned by his son-in-law Dohna, was named "Hiller-Gaertringen" in memory of him.
,_gebaut_um_1830.jpg)
- Formerly a Protestant church not far from the manor, consecrated in 1865, destroyed in 1968.
local community
The rural community (gmina wiejska) Pszczew includes 12 villages with school offices (sołectwa).
literature
- Jörg Lüderitz: Explorations east of the Oder: On the way between Frankfurt, Skwierzyna and Żary : Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-89794-082-5 , p. 106 ff .
- Heinrich Wuttke : City book of the country Posen. Codex diplomaticus: General history of the cities in the region of Poznan. Historical news from 149 individual cities . Leipzig 1864, pp. 268-269.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Heinrich Wuttke : City book of the state of Posen. Codex diplomaticus: General history of the cities in the region of Poznan. Historical news from 149 individual cities . Leipzig 1864, pp. 268-269.
- ^ Heinrich Wuttke : City book of the country of Posen. Codex diplomaticus: General history of the cities in the region of Poznan. Historical news from 149 individual cities . Leipzig 1864, p. 229.
- ^ Karl Joseph Huebner: Historical-statistical-topographical description of South Prussia and New East Prussia, or the Royal Prussian Occupations of Poland, drafted in 1793 and 1795 . Volume 1: With six copper plates and three maps . Leipzig 1798, p. 563.
- ^ Meyers Konversations-Lexikon . Volume 3, 1874, p. 90.
- ^ A b c Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. meseritz.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ http://www.heimatkreis-meseritz.de/4_10.htm