Qalati Ghilji
| Qalat-i Ghilzai قلات غلجي Qalat |
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| Coordinates | 32 ° 6 ′ N , 66 ° 54 ′ E | ||
| Basic data | |||
| Country | Afghanistan | ||
| Zabul | |||
| province | Zabul | ||
| ISO 3166-2 | AF-ZAB | ||
| height | 1550 m | ||
| Residents | 49,158 (calculation 2015) | ||
 The Qalat Fortress in Qalat, Zabul Province, Afghanistan circa spring 2013. The picture was taken from a US military vehicle on patrol driving on highway 1.
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Qalāti Ghiljī or Qalat-i Ghildschi ( Pashtun قلات غلجي, Qalāt-i Ghilğī, also: Qalāti Zābul , Qalāti Khaljī Pashtun قلات خلجي, or short: Qalāt , Kalat ) is a city in the south of Afghanistan and the capital of the Zabul province .
Surname
The population consists mainly of Pashtuns , most of whom belong to the Ghildschi tribe , after which the city is named. The Khilji dynasty of India traces its origins back to the city.
geography
The city is at an altitude of 1568 m . The valley in which various wadis converge ultimately becomes the Tarnak Rōd (?) River and, to a certain extent, enables agriculture in the desert region. The city stretches along the valley from southwest to northeast. The places Degak (SO), Juhktaran (W) and Sinak - Hazari are in the immediate vicinity . The Highway 1 connects the city with Kandahar in the south-west and Ghazni and Kabul in the northeast. Another road begins in the village and runs to the south, or to the southeast, over the Porshī Kowtal pass ( Pashtun پرشی كوتل ⊙ ) to the border withPakistan.
In the north of the city, on a hill, stands a fortress that overlooks the city, visible from afar.
In 2015 Qalati Ghilji had 49,158 inhabitants. The city has a total area of 4820 ha and is divided into four police districts (nahias).
Desert makes up 59% of the land area. While built-up land only accounts for 19% of the area. However, there are at least two industrial areas (Districts 2 & 3).
In 2006 the first airport ( Qalat Airport ) was built in the province of Zabul. Qalat also became the seat of the US Provincial Reconstruction Team Zabul , which was supposed to provide development aid in the province.
history
The history of the area is not well documented and marked by tribal conflicts.
One of the first reports in Western sources comes from a political mission that crossed the town on April 16, 1857 on the way to Kandahar to negotiate a new friendship treaty between the British colonial authorities in Peshawar and the Amir of Kabul. The delegation was received by a group apparently sent by the heir to the throne to welcome them and check their supplies. Two infantry squads were set up so that the British could inspect the troops. Then a shūrā was held.
Sher Ali Khan conquered the city on January 22nd, 1867. In the battle he lost a son, Mahomed Ali, who was killed in close combat by his uncle. As a result, the uncle was also killed.
American reconstruction aid
The first airport was built in 2006 to enable economic development in the area. Supplies for the Provincial Reconstruction Team Zabul and other aid organizations were delivered there. A girls' school was built three years later. Until 2013, this school was regularly supported by the PRT, including with prayer mats and school books. In addition, the provision of clean water was supported in the area.
Unfortunately, the reconstruction measures were not entirely successful. In 2006 the construction of a new trade center began. After three years of construction and $ 10 million in consumption, most of the buildings were unusable due to a lack of expertise on the part of the construction workers, and no occupants due to a lack of demand. Even the provincial governor refused to move into the new building because of the lack of security. Anne Smedinghoff , a 25-year-old American (in the diplomatic service), was killed in a suicide attack in a car in the city in 2013. In March 2020, the Taliban raided a base outside of Qalat and killed at least 22 Afghan soldiers.
climate
According to the effective climate classification (Köppen climate classification), Qalati Ghilji has a Mediterranean climate with hot summers ( Csa ). It is generally warm. The mean temperature is 13.6 ° C, the mean annual precipitation reaches 283 mm.
July is the hottest month with an average temperature of 27.5 ° C. The coldest month is January with an average of −2.9 ° C.
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Average monthly temperatures for Qalati Ghilji, Afghanistan
Source:
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Attractions
The fortress that dominates the city was built by the troops of Alexander the Great ( Qalat Fortress ). Ghar Bolan Baba is a 730 m deep cave that was often used for religious purposes throughout history.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b The State of Afghan Cities Report Volume 1 . 2015. Archived from the original on October 31, 2015. Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 22, 2015.
- ↑ geonames.org .
- ↑ a b c The State of Afghan Cities Report Volume 2 . 2015. Retrieved October 22, 2015.
- ↑ USAID / Afghanistan: First Airstrip in Zabul Province ( Memento of the original from August 7, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Christine Noelle: State and tribe in nineteenth-century Afghanistan. The reign of Amir Dost Muhammad Khan (1826–1863) . Routledge, New York, NY 1997, ISBN 0-7007-0629-1 .
- ^ Henry Walter Bellew: Journal of a Political Mission to Afghanistan in 1857, Under Major Lumsden . Smith, Elder and Co., 1862.
- ↑ Our Punjab Frontier: Being a Concise Account of the Various Tribes by which the North West Frontier of British India is Inhabited. . Wyman Bros. Publishers, Calcutta, India 1868, p. 26.
- ^ First Airstrip in Zabul Province. US Agency for International Development . In: usaid.gov . Archived from the original on October 26, 2015. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved June 29, 2015.
- ↑ Zabul PRT opens new girls' school in Qalat> US Air Forces Central Command> Article Display . In: afcent.af.mil . Retrieved on June 29, 2015. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- Jump up ↑ Domani Spero: Zabul Attack: Were They Walking in a Red Zone? . In: Diplopundit . Retrieved June 29, 2015.
- ↑ Oshawn Tsgt Jefferson: Zabul Province completes projects for progress . June 3, 2010. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Megan Burrington: GI Dough: Money as a Weapons System . Retrieved June 29, 2015.
- ^ The Army's $ 10M Afghanistan flop . In: ABC News . July 30, 2009. Retrieved June 29, 2015.
- ↑ https://www.spiegel.de/politik/ausland/terror-in-afghanistan-junge-us-diplomatin-stirbt-bei-taliban-anschlag-a-892957-amp.html
- ↑ Climate: Qalat. in Climate-Data.org. September 9, 2016 (English).
- ^ The Economist. Volume 376, 2005.
- ^ Paul Courbon, Claude Chabert, Peter Bosted, Karen Lindsley: Atlas of the great caves of the world. Cave Books 1989, p. 21.
