Rachel Katznelson-Shazar

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Rachel Katznelson-Shazar (1964)

Rachel Katznelson-Shazar ( Hebrew רחל כצנלסון-שזר, also Rachel Schasar , born Rachel Katznelson ; born on October 24, 1885 in Babrujsk , Russian Empire ; died August 11, 1975 in Jerusalem ) was an Israeli publicist and active advocate of socialist Zionism . Her husband was Salman Shazar , the third President of Israel.

Life

Rachel Katznelson was born in Babrujsk , now Belarus, in what was then the Russian Empire in 1885 (or 1888) into a traditional Jewish family. At 18, she graduated from school with great success and was subsequently accepted as one of the few members of the Jewish community at the University of St. Petersburg , where she studied literature and history. She also attended the Bestuschewsche courses and the Academy for Jewish Studies, where she met her future husband Salman Shazar. They married in 1920 and had a daughter.

In 1912, due to pogroms and increasing anti-Semitism, Katznelson emigrated to the then Mandate Palestine . After joining the socialist Zionism movement in her hometown in 1905 , she was an active member of several Zionist organizations in Palestine from the start. Initially she taught Hebrew and history to other young immigrant women at the Moshava Kinneret. In 1916 she was elected to the first cultural committee of the Achdut haAwoda with Berl Katznelson and Jitzchak Tabenkin and in 1924 to that of the Histadrut . In 1921 she was one of the founders of Na'amat and in 1934 one of those of the magazine Dvar HaPoelet - Jarchon Halscha BaAvoda UBaMischpacha (German word of the worker - monthly magazine for women in work and the family ), of which she remained editor-in-chief for 27 years.

She was involved in the work of Histradut and Mapai all her life and held various public offices. She supported her husband in his work as a member of the Knesset , minister and member of the Jewish Agency for Israel, and finally as President of Israel from 1963 to 1973.

Rachel Katznelson-Shasar has received several awards for her work. Among the prizes in 1946 was the Brenner Prize named after Josef Chaim Brenner . In 1958 she received the Israel Prize for Social Sciences . In 1968 she was awarded the Yakir Yerushalayim (German Worthy Citizen of Jerusalem ) award.

family

Rachel Katznelson's brothers were Avraham Katznelson (one of the signatories of the Israeli Declaration of Independence ), Joseph Katznelson (a companion of Ze'ev Jabotinsky and one of two leaders of the Irgun immigration to Palestine ), and Reuben Katznelson (member of the Jewish Legion and Joseph Trumpeldor's aide and Companion in the Battle of Gallipoli ). Reuben Katznelson was the father of Shulamit Katznelson and Shmuel Tamir .

Publications (selection)

  • Rachel Katznelson-Rubashow, Mark Raider, Miriam Raider-Roth (Eds.): The Plow Woman . Records of the Pioneer Women of Palestine. A Critical Edition. Brandeis University Press, 2002, ISBN 1-58465-183-0 (English, original title: The Plow Woman. Memoirs of the Pioneer Women of Palestine . 1932. Commented and annotated new edition of the original).

literature

  • Julie Grimmeisen: pioneers and beauty queens . Role models in Israel 1948–1967. Ed .: Michael Brenner , Johannes Becke, Daniel Mahla. Wallstein , Göttingen 2017, ISBN 978-3-8353-3135-8 , pp. 39, 107, 121 ( limited preview in the Google book search [accessed on October 10, 2018] Additional dissertation University of Munich 2015).

Web links

Commons : Rachel Katznelson-Shazar  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Benjamin Harshav: Language in Time of Revolution . University of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles, London 1993, ISBN 0-520-07958-2 , pp. 183 ( limited preview in Google Book Search [accessed October 10, 2018]).
  2. ↑ Tamar Shechter: Devar Ha-Po'elet. In: Jewish Women. A Comprehensive Historical Encyclopedia. Jewish Women's Archive , March 1, 2009, accessed October 12, 2018 .
  3. ↑ The Israel Awards 5718. Israel Ministry of Education, accessed October 11, 2018 (Hebrew, the year 5718 corresponds to 1958).
  4. ^ Yakir Yerushalayim 1968. In: Homepage of the city of Jerusalem. 2018, Retrieved October 11, 2018 (Hebrew).


personal data
SURNAME Katznelson-Shazar, Rachel
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Katznelson, Rachel (maiden name); Katznelson-Rubashow, Rachel; זלמן שז"ר (Hebrew)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Israeli publicist
DATE OF BIRTH October 24, 1885
PLACE OF BIRTH Babruysk , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH August 11, 1975
Place of death Jerusalem