Rascht
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| Basic data | |||
| Country: |
 Iran
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| Province : | Gilan | ||
| Coordinates : | 37 ° 17 ′ N , 49 ° 36 ′ E | ||
| Height : | 5 m | ||
| Residents : | 679,995 (2010) | ||
| Time zone : | UTC +3: 30 | ||
Rascht ( Persian رشت, on Gilaki Resht ) is the capital of the Iranian province of Gilân .
geography
With just under 680,000 inhabitants (as of 2016), Rascht is the largest city in the South Caspian lowlands, a coastal fringe that stretches from Āzarbāydschān in the north-west through the Iranian provinces of Gilân and Māzandarān to the plains of the Golestân province in the east.
history
The city's development began relatively late in the 14th century, when the old cities in the mountains, which were often capitals of local dynasties, lost their importance. The Safavid ruler Shah Abbas made Rasht capital of Gilan Province. In addition, the importance of the city grew with trade, but Rascht remained a large village with widely scattered houses for a long time, rather than a real city. The population before World War I was no more than 60,000. In contrast to other Iranian cities, it did not have a city wall and the bazaar , which is usually covered, was open here. This quirk has been noticed by several European travelers.
Together with Azerbaijan, Gilan and its capital Rasht were occupied several times by Russia and the Soviet Union : 1723–36, 1909 / 11–12, 1915–18, 1920–21, 1941–46. The Iranian Soviet Republic was established here.
economy
Rascht is known for its old bazaar , where mainly the trade in food (fruit, vegetables and Kaspi fish) flourishes. Rascht is also known for Persia's finest carpet needle stitching.
traffic
The city is connected to the Qazvin – Astara (–Azerbaijan) railway .
education
The Gilan University in Rasht maintains a university partnership with the TU Berlin .
population
The majority of the population are Gilaker , an Iranian people in northern Iran. They speak Gilaki as their mother tongue and Persian as a second language. In addition to the Gilacs , Persians , Masanderans , Kurds , Azerbaijanis and other minorities live in Rasht. The majority profess Shiite Islam .
climate
The climate in Rasht is very different from that in the rest of the country. Due to the proximity to the Caspian Sea and the Elburs Mountains in the south, a particularly large number of rainy clouds collect above the city. The summers are humid and hot and the winters mild. The amount of precipitation can vary greatly from year to year. In the record year more than 2200 mm fell, in dry years the value can drop to 700 mm. Rice can also be grown in northern Iran, benefiting from the high rainfall.
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Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Rascht
Source: weather.ir
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Personalities
- Sayyid Kāzim Raschti (1793–1843), Iranian leader of sheikhism
- Mirza Kutschak Khan (1880-1921), joined the constitutional movement and supported the constitutional revolution, which led to the abolition of the absolutist monarchy in Iran, the introduction of a constitution based on Western models and the election of a parliament
- Ebrahim Pourdavood (1885–1965), founder of the Society for Iranology in 1945, honored with the "Knight of Saint Sylvester Pope", and the highest German academic honor by Theodor Heuss in 1955
- Hushang Ebtehadsch (* 1928), Iranian poet
- Madjid Samii (* 1937), Iranian neurosurgeon, awarded the Federal Cross of Merit
- Anoushiravan Rohani (* 1939), Iranian composer, pianist, songwriter
- Mohammad Mehdi-Achundsade Basti (* 1955), Iranian diplomat, former ambassador of the Islamic Republic of Iran in Germany
- Alireza Panjeei (* 1961), Iranian poet and journalist
- Marjane Satrapi (* 1969), Iranian cartoonist
- Kambiz Hosseini (* 1975), Iranian comedian, presenter, actor and writer
- Delara Darabi (1986–2009), an Iranian woman sentenced to death and executed
Twin cities
See also
Individual evidence
- ^ Statistical Center of Iran. Accessed August 9, 2020 (English).
- ^ Statistical Center of Iran> Home. Retrieved August 8, 2020 .
- ↑ LOK Report - Iran: Qazvin - Rasht line has gone into operation. Retrieved on August 8, 2020 (German).
Web links
- Rascht . In: Ehsan Yarshater (Ed.): Encyclopædia Iranica (English, including references)
- About Rasht (English)
- Rasht in the Iranchamber (English)