Raymond Berenger
Raymond Berenger (lat. Remondus Berengarius ; † 1374 ) was the 30th Grand Master of the Order of St. John on Rhodes until his death in 1365 .
It is unclear whether he came from Provence or the Dauphiné and whether he was related to the Berengar family from Italy or Catalonia (Berengar Raimund).
He is first mentioned as a lieutenant (deputy) of his predecessor Roger de Pins .
With his fight against the Muslims he gained a great reputation in both the Orient and the Occident . Hardly invested by Pope Urban V , he formed a secret alliance with King Peter I of Cyprus against the Mameluks in order to attack Alexandria . Together they equipped a fleet of a hundred ships that could carry fourteen hundred knights and ten thousand foot soldiers. While the King of Cyprus attacked Alexandria, Raymond Berenger stayed in Rhodes to defend Christian property against attack by the Turks . Alexandria was captured on October 9, 1365 , but abandoned shortly thereafter.
Shortly afterwards, in January 1366, Raymond Berenger himself led an expedition against the cities of Tripoli and Tartus in Syria , which were occupied and then abandoned.
In 1367 he went to Avignon to see Pope Urban V, whom he accompanied on his trip to Rome .
As a result of the murder of King Peter I on January 18, 1369, Pope Gregory XI sent him . 1371 as nuncio to Cyprus with the task of looking after the affairs of the kingdom and in particular the defense of the new nine-year-old King Peter II .
The advance of the Turks made the situation of the last Christian institutions in the east more uncertain every day; Rhodes was constantly threatened. Therefore, in 1373, Berenger sent representatives to Thebes to an assembly of princes and bishops in order to obtain further funds to push back Muslim power.
At his request, the Pope ordered the reunification of a general chapter in Avignon. Berenger wished to appear there himself. But the Pope refused on the pretext that he was too old and that his presence in Rhodes was necessary because of the dangers. Berenger believed that the Pope had withdrawn his trust. He sent an ambassador to Avignon to offer his resignation .
In September / November 1373 the chapter was chaired by Jean Fernandez de Heredia , Prior of Castile .
literature
- Jo van Steenbergen: The Alexandrian Crusade (1365) and the Mamluk Sources. Reassessment of the kitab al-ilmam of an-Nuwayri al-Iskandarani. 2003 ( online ).
- Pierre d'Avity / Johann Ludwig Gottfried : Archontologiae Cosmicae. Book III. Frankfurt am Main 1628, p. 38 ( online ).
Web links
- Raymond Bérenger at cilialacorte.com
- Raymond Berenger at smom-za.org
- (314.) Raymond Bérenger at heralogic.eu
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Roger de Pins |
Grand Master of the Order of St. John 1365–1374 |
Robert de Juliac |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Raymond Berenger |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Remondus Berengarius (Latin) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Grand Master of the Order of Malta |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 14th Century |
| DATE OF DEATH | 1374 |