Reginald Gray, 1st Baron Gray of Wilton

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Coat of arms of the 1st Baron Gray of Wilton

Reginald Gray, 1st Baron Gray of Wilton , also called Reynold de Gray , († April 6, 1308 ), was an English nobleman and military man.

origin

Reginald Gray was the eldest son of John de Gray from Shirland in Derbyshire and his second wife Emma de Caux , the widow of John de Segrave († 1231) and daughter of Roger de Caux .

Service as military and civil servant

After the death of his father around 1265 he inherited his possessions and followed him from 1265 to 1266 as sheriff of Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire, as well as constable of Nottingham Castle . He handed over the management of the castle to Roger of Leybourne in 1266 . He was then from 1267 to 1268 Constable of Northampton Castle . From 1270 to 1274 he served as Justiciar of Chester , Constable of Chester Castle, and Sheriff of Cheshire . In 1277 he became administrator of Perfeddwlad , the northern Welsh areas east of the River Conwy, under the Treaty of Aberconwy . For an annual fee of initially 1,000 marks , later for 727 marks, he was again Justiciar of Chester and Northeast Wales and administrator of Flint and Chester Castle from 1281 to 1299 . His tyrannical rule led to the rising of the Welsh in 1282, which led to the second campaign to conquer Wales . The king gave him command of the army in Chester during the campaign. After the reconquest of Northeast Wales, the king enfeoffed him in 1282 with Dyffryn Clwyd with Ruthin Castle , a newly created barony of the Welsh Marches . During the rebellion of Rhys ap Maredudd in 1287, he led a force from Chester to the siege of Dryslwyn Castle .

Through the Writ of Summons , the king appointed him to Parliament in 1290 , making him the first Baron Gray de Wilton . In 1294 he was in Flintshire with the raising of soldiers for the campaign in Gascony , which led to the outbreak of the Welsh uprising . After the outbreak of the uprising, the experienced Reginald Gray reacted quickly and secured the castles of Flint and Rhuddlan by reinforcing the crews . With a successful campaign through the mountains from North Wales to Ardudwy on the west coast of Wales, he finally defeated the uprising in 1295. In 1298 he fought at the Battle of Falkirk during the Scottish Wars of Independence . In May 1301, Gray paid homage to the heir to the throne, Edward , after he had been raised to Prince of Wales , for his Welsh rule Ruthin. After that he belonged to the entourage of the heir to the throne, where he was one of the most experienced knights.

Marriage and inheritance

Gray married Maud de Longchamp , a daughter of Henry de Longchamp . By marriage he inherited Wilton Castle near Bridstow in Herefordshire . He had a son, John Gray , who inherited his possessions and title.

Gray owned the estate of Purpoole near London, from which the Gray's Inn , one of the four London Inns of Court , was probably built in the 14th century . Gray's Inn buildings remained in the possession of his descendants until 1505.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Rees R. Davies: The Age of Conquest. Wales 1063-1415. Oxford University Press, Oxford 1991, ISBN 0-19-820198-2 , p. 348.
  2. ^ David Walker: Medieval Wales . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1990. ISBN 978-0-521-31153-3 , p. 155.
  3. ↑ Seymour Phillips: Edward II . New Haven, Yale University Press 2010. ISBN 978-0-300-15657-7 , pp. 88.
  4. ↑ Seymour Phillips: Edward II . New Haven, Yale University Press 2010. ISBN 978-0-300-15657-7 , pp. 89.
  5. ^ The Honorable Society of Grays Inn: History. Retrieved January 17, 2020 .
predecessor Office successor
New title created Baron Gray of Wilton
1290-1308 		John Gray
personal data
SURNAME Gray, Reginald, 1st Baron Gray of Wilton
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gray, Reynold de
BRIEF DESCRIPTION English nobleman and military
DATE OF BIRTH 13th Century
DATE OF DEATH April 6, 1308