Reich Military Court
The Reich Military Court (RMG) was the highest German military court until 1919 . During the Nazi era , the Reich Court Martial (RKG) performed this function.
In Prussia , on October 1, 1900, the previously responsible general auditor (with the general auditor ) was replaced by the Reich Military Court on the basis of the law of December 1, 1898 on the military criminal court system (see also the Military Criminal Code ).
The Kingdom of Bavaria had as part of its reserved rights as the last residue of the Bavarian military jurisdiction there own (III.) Senate.
The president, a general or admiral with the rank of commanding general or admiral , was appointed by the emperor .
Courthouse
The official seat of the Reich Military Court was located in a building built from 1908 to 1910 at Witzlebenstrasse 4-5 in Charlottenburg near Berlin in the style of classicism and neo-baroque. The damp subsoil made special technical demands, which were met with a pile foundation. For these reasons, there were no basements, only a basement used as an archive and crawlways with pipe systems underneath. The three- to five-storey property is divided into the presidential wing , which runs parallel to the Lietzensee lake to the southwest , the chamber wing parallel to Witzlebenstrasse in the southeast, and the office and park wing on the part of the property facing away from the street. Inside, the stairwells and the presidential apartment in particular are very representative in their original state. Other outstanding rooms are the chamber hall and the ballroom (later the gymnasium).
From 1951 until the German reunification, the Chamber Court had its seat in this house, then for a few years the 5th Criminal Senate of the Federal Court of Justice . From 1997 the house was empty.
For the building, which has been a listed building since 1995, together with its approximately 7,500 square meter property, there were initially considerations of a renewed use as a court seat or as the seat of an embassy, then to convert it into a luxury hotel. In 2005, however, the Federal Real Estate Agency sold the property for around 3.5 million euros to RVB Witzlebenstrasse GmbH & Co.KG, which is closely associated with the Dutch construction company Kondor Wessels. Kondor Wessels also acted as a financier and project developer. From April 2006 to November 2007, the complex with 16,600 square meters of gross floor space was converted into a residential complex with 106 high-quality apartments, 21 of which in the basement are geared towards senior citizens' living. The apartment sizes vary between 42 and 207 square meters. The renovation costs were just under 22.5 million euros. The property will be marketed under the name “Atrion”.
The state of preservation of the former court was so good that only minor renovation work was necessary on the substance. The biggest external changes were the demolition of a former kitchen wing and the addition of balconies and loggias as well as arcades on the courtyard side, which necessitated the enlargement of windows and other changes to the facade. Inside, the renovation was essentially limited to the creation of modern living conditions, the development of new staircases and lifts instead of the previous, long corridors, and the creation of basement rooms in the basement and a two-storey underground car park. The corridors that had become vacant were divided up to create space for side rooms such as kitchens and bathrooms. During the construction work, public protests arose because after the conversion, there was no evidence of any reference to history, in particular to the judgments of the Nazi judiciary. However, in the end the chamber hall was not redesigned as a salon for the residents, as initially planned, but left in its historical state.
The owner company keeps these apartments in their portfolio and acts as the landlord.
President
| Rank | Surname | date |
|---|---|---|
| General of the Infantry | Julius Heinrich von Gemmingen-Steinegg | July 9, 1900 to October 20, 1903 |
| General of the cavalry | Robert von Massow | October 20, 1903 to September 23, 1906 |
| General of the Infantry | Wilhelm von Linde -Suden | September 24, 1906 to April 6, 1911 |
| General of the Infantry | Günther von Kirchbach | April 7, 1911 to July 26, 1918 |
| Colonel General | Moriz from Lyncker | July 27, 1918 to June 25, 1919 |
| Lieutenant General | Arthur of Gabain | June 25, 1919 to September 30, 1920 |
literature
- Günter Gribbohm: The Reich Military Court . Part of German legal culture in the Wilhelmine era. Lit, Münster u. a. 2007, ISBN 978-3-8258-0618-7 .
- Conversion of non-residential buildings into residential properties. Documentation of the case studies. (PDF) Federal Institute for Building, Urban and Spatial Research, 2015
- Decisions of the Reich Military Court (1.1902-22.1919, ZDB -ID 216343-3 )
Individual evidence
- ^ Law concerning the establishment of a special senate for the Bavarian army at the Reich Military Court in Berlin of March 9, 1899
- ↑ Brockhaus' Konversationslexikon Volume 13, FA Brockhaus, Leipzig 1908, p. 731
- ↑ Dermot Bradley (ed.), Günter Wegner: Occupation of the German Army 1815-1939. Volume 1: The higher command posts 1815–1939. Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1990, ISBN 3-7648-1780-1 , p. 32.