René Char

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René Char SignatureRenéChar.jpg
Street sign in Bollène, Provence

René Char (born June 14, 1907 in L'Isle-sur-la-Sorgue , Département Vaucluse ; died February 19, 1988 in Paris ) was a French poet .

Life

Char studied in Aix-en-Provence . In 1929 he met André Breton and Paul Éluard and joined the surrealists' group of artists, from which he gradually distanced himself from the mid-1930s. In the early 1940s he had a relationship with the Swedish artist Greta Knutson . Char went underground in 1940 and fought together with Gilbert Lély in the Resistance against the German occupation. He worked on the events in the resistance in the prose poems Feuillets d'Hypnos (1942-44), published by Albert Camus in 1946 and translated into German by Paul Celan in 1959. Hannah Arendt quotes from it as testimony to an acute and active revolutionary spirit in Über die Revolution (1965), especially Aphorism No. 62. Our inheritance was not preceded by a testament . In the 1960s he campaigned against the stationing of nuclear missiles in Provence.

In 1955 René Char met the German philosopher Martin Heidegger in Paris. Despite his former attitude towards National Socialism, he invited him several times to travel to Provence. This led to the seminars in Le Thor in 1966, 1968, 1969 and in Zähringen in 1973. Char later distanced himself from Heidegger.

His poetry and dramatic work "Le Soleil des eaux" has been translated into German by Paul Celan , Franz Wurm , Curd Ochwadt and Peter Handke , among others . He was in friendly contact with the Berlin surrealists Johannes Hübner and Lothar Klünner , who also broadcast large parts of his work. Likewise with the painter Jeanne Mammen, who belongs to this group . Of his numerous books, some of the later works are not available in German-language editions. He was friends with the painters Nicolas de Staël and Joan Miró , the poet Paul Éluard, the writer and philosopher Albert Camus and the ancient historian Paul Veyne . Numerous important painters, a. a. Juan Gris , Henri Matisse and Georges Braque illustrated the manuscripts of his poems, some of which appeared in elaborate facsimile editions on the occasion of his hundredth birthday. His works Le Soleil des eaux and Le Marteau sans maître served as templates for compositions by Pierre Boulez .

Char was a member of the Legion of Honor .

Works (selection)

  • 1929: Arsenal
  • 1930: Ralentir Travaux (together with André Breton and Paul Éluard)
    • Caution construction site, German by Wolfgang Schmidt; Edition Sirene, Berlin 1988. ISBN 3-924095-37-X
  • 1930: Artine
  • 1934: Le Marteau sans maître
  • 1945: Seuls demeurent
  • 1945: Le Poème pulvérisé
  • 1946: Feuillets d'Hypnos
  • 1948: Fureur et Mystère (contains Seuls demeurent, Feuillets d'Hypnos, Les Loyaux adversaires, Le Poème pulvérisé and La Fontaine narrative )
  • 1949: Le Soleil des eaux
  • 1950: Les Matinaux
  • 1950: L'Art bref suivi de Premières alluvions
  • 1951: À une sérénité crispé e
  • 1952: Lettera Amorosa
  • 1953: Le Rempart de brindilles
  • 1955: Recherche de la base et du sommet
  • 1962: La Parole en archipel, 1952–1960
  • 1968: Dans la pluie giboyeuse
  • 1971: Le Nu perdu
  • 1976: Aromates chasseurs
  • 1977: Chants de la Balandrane
    • Elegies of the Balandrane 1975–77, German by Jean Voellmy; Legueil, Stuttgart 2005. ISBN 3-9804247-8-2
  • 1979: Fenêtres dormantes et porte sur le toit
  • 1985: Les Voisinages de Van Gogh
    • The neighborhoods of Van Gogh, German by Peter Handke; Renner, Munich 1990. ISBN 3-927-480-09-6
  • 1988: Éloge d'une soupçonnée

as well as various anthologies with German translations

literature

  • Horst Wernicke, Ed .: Albert Camus - René Char. Lonely and together. Traces of a friendship. Osiris, magazine for literature and art. Issue 5, 1998, ISBN 3890868290 .
  • René Char as the cover story of Akzente. Journal of Literature April 1988, issue 2
  • Katrin Bibiella , Pictures for an Aesthetics of Counter-Creation. Peter Huchel and René Char (comparative literature in the Gardez !; 3). Sankt Augustin: Gardez! -Verl., 2003. Zugl .: Mainz, Univ., Diss., 2003. ISBN 978-3-89796-107-4

Web links

supporting documents

  1. ↑ Daniela Büchten: Greta Knutson , in: Britta Jürgs (ed.): A little water in the soap: Portraits of Dadaist artists and writers . Aviva Verlag, Grambin 1999, ISBN 3-932338-06-5 , pp. 127-146
  2. ^ Johann Thun: "Tu as bien fait de partir" Jeanne Mammen, Rene Char and Arthur Rimbaud . In: Friends of the Jeanne Mammen Foundation eV, Berlin (ed.): Jeanne Mammen Paris - Bruxelles - Berlin . 1st edition. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Berlin 2016, ISBN 978-3-422-07375-3 , pp. 158-178 .
  3. ↑ a b Portraits de décorés: René Char. In: www.legiondhonneur.fr. Retrieved September 20, 2019 .
  4. ↑ Content: [1]
  5. ↑ RC: Green stones. Übers. Peter Handke, p. 97; Johannes Hauck: Dialogue of Images. Pp. 98-104
personal data
SURNAME Char, René
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Capitaine Alexandre (pseudonym in the Resistance)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French poet
DATE OF BIRTH June 14, 1907
PLACE OF BIRTH L'Isle-sur-la-Sorgue
DATE OF DEATH 19th February 1988
Place of death Paris