Richard Teschner

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Anton Josef Trčka : Richard Teschner with his dolls (1927)Richard Heinrich Teschner signatura.jpg

Richard Teschner (born March 21 or March 22, 1879 in Karlsbad , Bohemia , Austria-Hungary ; died July 4, 1948 in Vienna ) was a Viennese Art Nouveau artist and puppeteer who transferred the art of Javanese myth theater to the European world.

biography

The son of a printer grew up in Leitmeritz and studied from 1896 to 1899 at the Art Academy in Prague and in 1900 at the Vienna School of Applied Arts before finally moving to Vienna in 1909. In 1908 he took part in the art show in Vienna and worked for the Wiener Werkstätte from 1909 to 1912 . In August 1910 he stayed for the first time at the villa on the Attersee of the court cabinet maker Friedrich Paulick . In 1911 he married their daughter Emma Paulick . After the six-month honeymoon, the couple moved to the so-called Pekarekhaus (named after the tea shop located there) in a spacious apartment in Vienna- Gersthof ( Währing ) Messerschmidtgasse 48 / corner Gersthofer Straße 105 in February 1912 .

Teschner first worked with stick puppets in his puppet theater The Golden Shrine , which the artist Max Domenig had carved along with various figures, in 1912 .

In 1919/20 an exhibition under the title Richard Teschner took place in the Museum of Art and Industry in Vienna . In 1925 there were first public performances in Teschner's studio.

As a painter, graphic artist, sculptor and puppeteer, he created the figure mirror in the thirties , which has been kept in the Austrian Theater Museum in Palais Lobkowitz since the death of his widow in 1953 . The conventional peep box stage was given up in favor of a round, glass-protected panorama, a kind of concave mirror with light effects. Teschner, who was still inspired by the Javanese stick figures ( Wayang -Golek figures ), not only created the puppets and the stage technology for his pantomime pieces himself, but also composed the accompanying music - mostly, but not exclusively, using a polyphone  - and worked out the plot of the pieces. He dressed his stick puppets in precious fabrics. He also used fabrics from the Wiener Werkstätte , such as B. of Czeschka designed herons and pike in the doll-Kiai Ageng in the play Nawang Wulan . He took over the leadership technique of the Asian stick figure game for the staging of European content, both with humans and animals as well as with magic figures. His collection of old Javanese figures was still used here and there in his productions, some of which were filmed.

After Teschner's death, the performance tradition was maintained until 1965, even after the theater collection of the Austrian National Library took over the figure mirror and was later revived in the course of the conversion of the collection to the Austrian Theater Museum. In the spring of 2006, the pieces Carnival from 1930 and The Basilisk from 1937 were on the program.

In addition to the figure mirror, Teschner also created paintings, sculptures, bookplates , handicraft objects, etc. A bronze design of the grotesque on skis from around 1920 was up for auction at Dorotheum in March 2006 ; a water jug ​​with beakers based on Teschner's design can be seen in the Austrian Theater Museum. Teschner also created book illustrations, e.g. B. to the 1921 published Visionen aus dem Osten / Villiers de l'Isle-Adam in the translation by Erwin Rieger or, in collaboration with Oswald Thomas , for the atlas of the constellations published immediately after the war in 1945 . In 1927, the film The Secret Mirror was made in collaboration with Carl Hoffmann .

Richard Teschner died on July 4, 1948 as a result of a heart attack. He was buried in the Vienna Central Cemetery (grave location 72-A-G1-32) and has an honorary grave there.

In 1956, Teschnergasse was named after him in Vienna-Währing (18th district) .

Pieces

  • Night piece, 1913
  • Christmas play, 1916
  • The dragon slayer, 1928/29
  • Carnival, 1930
  • The clock of life, 1935
  • The basilisk, 1937

literature

  • Hans Effenberger : Richard Teschner's Indian Theater . In: German art and decoration . Volume XVI, Issue June 9, 1913, pp. 217-222.
  • Arthur Roessler: Richard Teschner . Gerlach & Wiedling, Vienna 1947, pp. 217–222.
  • Franz Hadamowsky (ed.): Richard Teschner and his figure mirror . Vienna 1956.
  • Renate Vergeiner: In the mirror - Richard Teschner's figurines and his figure mirror. Richard Teschner, short biography, life and work . NÖP, St. Pölten 1988.
  • Jarmila Weißenböck (Ed.): The figure mirror. Richard Teschner . Vienna 1991.
  • Jarmila Weißenböck: Viennensia: the dances of the magician . In: Tanz Affiche . Volume 11, No. 82 (Aug./Sept. 1998), pp. 36-37.
  • Kurt Ifkovits (ed.): With these two hands of mine ... Richard Teschner's stages . Exhibition catalog Austrian Theater Museum, April 25, 2013–10. February 2014. Vienna 2013, ISBN 978-3-902781-29-1 .
  • Arthur Roeßler : Master Richard Teschner . In: Velhagen & Klasings monthly books . 1924/25, Vol. 1, pp. 385–396 (17 reproductions of works and portrait photo).
  • Martina Meiderle: Richard Teschner 1879–1948. Painter, graphic artist and artisan. Studies based on selected examples . Thesis. Vienna 2013.
  • Monica Bassi: Poetica del silenzio e anime letterarie nel teatro per marionette di Richard Teschner . In: Comunicare letteratura , 5, Edizioni Osiride, Trento 2013, pp. 85-102.
  • Monica Bassi, "A Vienna tutto era arte e soprattutto teatro" Intervista a Ilse Prutscher: il sodalizio artistico fra mio padre Otto e Richard Teschner . In: Comunicare letteratura , 5, Edizioni Osiride, Trento 2013, pp. 103-110.

film records

  • Pioneers of Puppetry
  • The Night before Christmas
  • The Dragon Prince (Austria 1931, Max Goldschmidt-Film, Vienna)
  • Dream in the carnival. A puppet game (Austria 1931, Max Goldschmidt-Film, Vienna)
  • Anna Pawlowa dances (Austria 1947, cultural film production Dr. Max Zehenthofer)

Individual evidence

  1. Register extract for birth and baptism
  2. Martina Meiderle: Richard Teschner 1879–1948. Painter, graphic artist and artisan. Studies based on selected examples . Thesis. Vienna 2013, p. 11.
  3. ^ City of Vienna Währing: Exhibition Richard Teschner - The Magician. District Museum Währing, city hall correspondence of August 31, 2009.
  4. Timeline in Der Drachentöter - Figure pantomime by Richard Teschner by Klaus Behrendt and Jarmila Weißenböck, Teschner-Program Heft 3, Vienna 1993.
  5. Vienna Central Cemetery. Honorary graves in the municipal cemetery
  6. ^ Hans Effenberger: Richard Teschner's Indian theater .

Web links