Giant mushroom
| Giant mushroom | ||||||||||||
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Giant mushroom ( Agaricus augustus ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Agaricus augustus | ||||||||||||
| Fr. |
The giant mushroom ( Agaricus augustus ), also giant Egerling , is a mushroom from the genus of the mushrooms or Egerlinge ( Agaricus ).
features
Macroscopic features
The fruit bodies of the giant mushroom are, as the name suggests, noticeably large. The hat, which is initially hemispherical, flattens out with age and is then sometimes slightly depressed in the middle. It can reach a diameter of 9–22 cm. The fruiting body often shows a ruffled surface because the velum tears when the hat is raised. In the course of growth, this pattern also tears open, so that cracks appear on the hat. The hat is covered with ocher, nut or dark brown, adjoining scales on a creamy white to ocher background. The hat turns yellow when rubbed. The edge is long hung with white to brownish yellow remains of velum and arched upwards with age. The rather narrow lamellae are grayish-flesh-colored when young and turn to pinkish-brownish chocolate-brown with age. There is a pure white and a more ocher-colored form, but they have no taxonomic rank. The cylindrical, 10–20 cm long and 1.5–3 cm thick stalk is slightly thickened to the base of a club. Like the background of the hat, the color is creamy-whitish, the surface turns yellow when touched. Towards the base, as on the hat, the stem is covered with small, protruding, brownish-colored scales. The ring is membranous, pendulous and often yellowish flocked at the bottom. The whitish meat turns yellowish to rusty-reddish brown on average and smells of bitter almonds.
Microscopic features
The spores are elliptical, 7.5-10 micrometers long and 5-6.5 micrometers wide. The cheilo cystidia are often arranged in short chains and are diverse: pear-shaped or belly-shaped to bottle-shaped with constricted necks.
ecology
The giant mushroom is a saprobiontic soil dweller that grows mainly in the coniferous litter, less often in leaf litter in coniferous and coniferous forests, especially in old spruce forests, less often in deciduous forests (then mostly under conifers). In deciduous forests, parks, gardens and similar biotopes, where it is less common, it also prefers to grow under conifers. It prefers somewhat nitrogen-rich, basic to neutral, mostly loamy soils, it occurs less often on acidic subsoil. Its fruiting bodies appear in Central Europe from June to October, especially in the summer months.
distribution
The giant mushroom is a holarctic species that occurs in Asia (in Israel, Asia Minor, the Caucasus, Eastern Siberia and China), North America, North Africa, the Canary Islands and Europe. In Europe, its distribution area extends from the Mediterranean to the Hebrides and Denmark, Estonia and Belarus. In Germany, the giant mushroom is scattered in the low mountain range as far as southern Lower Saxony, it is common in southern Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg, and less often in northern and northeastern Germany.
meaning
The giant mushroom is edible .
Sources and References
literature
- Ettore Bielli: mushrooms . Neuer Kaiser Verlag, Klagenfurt 1998. ISBN 3-7043-2179-6
- ME Nordeloos: Flora Agaricina Neerlandica. Volume 5: Critical Monographs on Families of Agarics and Boleti Occurring in the Netherlands. CRC Press, 2001. ISBN 90-5410-495-3 , pages 44-45.
- German Josef Krieglsteiner , Andreas Gminder (Hrsg.): Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 5: Mushrooms. Agarics III. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2010, ISBN 978-3-8001-3572-1 .
