Giant trickster
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Giant deer ( Stropharia rugosoannulata ) |
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| Stropharia rugosoannulata | ||||||||||||
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The giant or cultivated Trärmling ( Stropharia rugosoannulata ) is a type of mushroom from the family of Tr Steel relatives . In trade it is sometimes referred to as the brown cap .
features
The giant Trussling forms large fruiting bodies divided into a hat and a stem, the hat is 8–15 cm wide, in exceptional cases up to 25 cm. The surface of the hat is slightly greasy, but never slimy, albeit with small slimy warts. The hat color ranges from pale gray-brown, yellow-brown, rust-brown to maroon or gray-blue. A yellow-capped form is called var. Lutea . The edge of the hat is initially strongly curled. The lamellae are gray to black-violet in color, they are thin and close together. The 7–16 cm long and 2–2.5 cm thick stalk is whitish, with age also white-brownish in color and becoming hollow, it is dry and bare, at its base are conspicuously long, branched mycelial strands.
ecology
The giant Trüsselling is a saprobiontic inhabitant of rotting plant waste, straw, wood and bark chippings and humus and nutrient-rich soil, it grows in ruderal places, in gardens, parks on embankments and roadsides, on straw heaps and rubbish heaps. The fruiting bodies appear in Central Europe in spring and autumn, there is a pronounced fructification gap in summer. The giant truss belongs to the group of nematophagous fungi . This property goes back to the unique acanthocytes of the genus Stropharia . This cell type is able to mechanically destroy the cuticle of nematodes .
distribution
The Giant Trüsselling is a species that is distributed across the Holarctic and subatlantic regions and has been found in Japan, North America, Argentina and Europe. In Europe, finds from Italy, France, the Netherlands, Great Britain, Switzerland, Austria, Germany, the Czech Republic and Poland are reported, to the north the species occurs as far as Norway and Sweden. The species has only been found in Europe since the 1950s, and it may have been introduced from North America. In Germany the Giant Trüsselling occurs scattered in the north and north-west, otherwise it is rare. The species is spreading in Germany, and among other things it benefits from the increasing use of wood chips and bark mulch in gardens and parks.
meaning
The Giant Trüsselling is an edible mushroom that has also been cultivated since around 1970. As a cultivated mushroom, it is grown on straw. There were reports of individual intolerances and poisoning with giant trusses that were collected on wood shredders in parks.
swell
- Hans E. Laux: The great cosmos mushroom guide. All edible mushrooms with their poisonous doppelgangers. Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-440-08457-4 .
- German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.), Andreas Gminder : Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 4: Mushrooms. Blattpilze II. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 3-8001-3281-8 .
- Josef Breitenbach, Fred Kränzlin (Ed.): Mushrooms of Switzerland. Contribution to knowledge of the fungal flora in Switzerland. Volume 4: Agarics. Part 2: Entolomataceae, Pluteaceae, Amanitaceae, Agaricaceae, Coprinaceae, Bolbitiaceae, Strophariaceae. Mykologia, Luzern 1995, ISBN 3-85604-040-4 .
- Reinhard Conrad: Eat "Parkpilze" - Der Tintling , 4, 2006, p. 63, ISSN 1430-595X
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hong Luo, Xuan Li, Guohong Li, Yanbo Pan, Keqin Zhang (2006): Acanthocytes of Stropharia rugosoannulata Function as a Nematode-Attacking Device, Appl Environ Microbiol., 72 (4), 2982-2987.