Giant thrush
Giant thrush | ||||||||||||
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![]() Giant thrush ( Turdus fuscater ) |
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Systematics | ||||||||||||
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Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Turdus fuscater | ||||||||||||
d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye , 1837 |
The giant thrush ( Turdus fuscater ) is a songbird from the thrush family (Turdidae). It is not one of the endangered species .
description
The dark gray male bird has a yellow beak , yellow iris rings and light gray chest plumage; the female is less noticeable and brownish gray. The giant thrush reaches a body length of up to 35 centimeters and a weight of 130 to 150 grams.
habitat
In addition to Venezuela , Colombia , Ecuador and Peru , the northwest of Bolivia is also part of the distribution area.
Subspecies
The following subspecies have been described:
- Turdus fuscater cacozelus , ( Bangs , 1898) - This subspecies occurs in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta .
- Turdus fuscater clarus Phelps & WH Phelps Jr , 1953 - This subspecies is distributed in the Sierra de Perijá in northeast Colombia and northwest Venezuela.
- Turdus fuscater fuscater d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye , 1837 - The nominate form occurs in western Bolivia.
- Turdus fuscater gigantodes Cabanis , 1873 - The range of this subspecies is the south of Ecuador to central Peru.
- Turdus fuscater gigas Fraser , 1841 - This subspecies is found in the Andes in northeast Colombia and northwest Venezuela.
- Turdus fuscater ockendeni Hellmayr , 1906 - This subspecies occurs in southeastern Peru.
- Turdus fuscater quindio Chapman , 1925 - This subspecies occurs in southern and western Colombia and northern Ecuador.
nutrition
The giant thrush feeds mainly on fruits and berries, but also on worms and insects .
Reproduction
The female lays two to three eggs , which are incubated for about two weeks before the young birds hatch.
literature
- Bernhard Grzimek : Grzimeks animal life. Volumes 7-9: Birds. Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, Munich 1993, ISBN 3-423-05970-2 .
- Fotolulu: All birds of the world: The complete checklist of all species and subspecies, Publisher: Books on Demand (2015) ISBN 3734744075
- Alcide Dessalines d'Orbigny, Frédéric de Lafresnaye: Synopsis avium from Alcide d'Orbigny, in ejus per Americam meridionalem itinere, collectarum et ab ipso viatore necnom a de Lafresnaye in ordine redactarum . In: Magasin de zoologie . tape 7 , Classe II, 1837, pp. 1-88 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
- Outram Bangs: On some birds from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia . In: Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington . tape 12 , 1898, pp. 171-182 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
- William H. Phelps, William H. Phelps Jr .: Eight new subspecies of birds from the Perija Mountains, Venezuela . In: Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington . tape 66 , 1953, pp. 1-12 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
- Frank Michler Chapman : Descriptions of new birds from Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Argentina . In: American Museum novitates . No. 160 , 1925, pp. 1–14 ( digitallibrary.amnh.org [PDF; 1.4 MB ]).
- Jean Louis Cabanis: Turdus gigantodes n. Sp. In: Journal for Ornithology (= 4 ). tape 1 , no. 3 , 1873, p. 315-316 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
- Carl Eduard Hellmayr: Mr. CE Hellmayr described and exhibited the types of two new species of Neotropical birds . In: Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club . tape 16 , no. 125 , 1906, pp. 90-92 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
- Louis Fraser: Mr. Fraser exhibited and pointed out the characters of the following new species of birds from the collection of the Earl of Derby . In: Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London . tape 8 , 1840, p. 59-60 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
Web links
- Turdus fuscater inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016.1. Posted by: BirdLife International, 2012. Retrieved August 17, 2016 ..
- BirdLife International: Species Factsheet - Great Thrush ( Turdus fuscater ) . Retrieved August 17, 2016.
- Videos, photos and sound recordings for Great Thrush (Turdus fuscater) in the Internet Bird Collection
- Giant Thrush ( Turdus fuscater ) at Avibase; accessed on August 17, 2016.
- Turdus fuscater in the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
- xeno-canto: Sound recordings - Great Thrush ( Turdus fuscater )
gallery
Individual evidence
- ↑ [1] Turdus fuscater in the IUCN Red List, accessed on August 14, 2016.
- ^ IOC World Bird List Thrushes
- ^ Outram Bangs, p. 181.
- ^ William H. Phelps et al. a., p. 9.
- ↑ Alcide Dessalines d'Orbigny u. a., p. 16.
- ^ Jean Louis Cabanis, p. 315.
- ↑ Louis Fraser, p. 59. Even if the volume shows 1840, it did not appear until 1841.
- ↑ Carl Eduard Hellmayr, p. 91.
- ↑ Frank Michler Chapman, p. 1.