Robert Stricker

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Robert Stricker (born August 16, 1879 in Brno , Austria-Hungary , † after October 28, 1944 in Auschwitz concentration camp ) was an Austrian railroad official, journalist, member of the board of the Viennese cultural community from 1912 to 1938 , Zionist and, as a politician, member of the Austrian Constituent National Assembly 1919/20.

Robert Stricker

Life

Robert Stricker was the son of Israel and Florentina Stricker. He attended the Technical University in Brno and in 1902 entered the service of the Imperial and Royal State Railways , based in Olomouc, as an engineer . In 1905 he was transferred to the management of the Kaiser Ferdinands-Nordbahn in Vienna. As a student, he became a supporter of Theodor Herzl's Zionist ideas and, together with other Jewish students, published the Jewish People's Voice in Brno. There he was already a co-founder of the Zionist student union Veritas in 1896 and of the Association of Jewish Trade Employees Emunah in 1898 .

In the elections for the Constituent National Assembly on February 16, 1919, Stricker won a seat with 7760 votes, 0.3% for the Jewish National Party of which he was chairman. He was the only MP who spoke out against the unification of German Austria with the German Empire . In the National Council election in Austria in 1920 , despite an increase in the number of votes, he was unable to get back in because of a change in electoral law. For the National Council election in Austria in 1923 , the Zionist party formed the Jewish electoral community with liberal groups and received 24,970 or 0.8% of the votes, but received no mandate.

Stricker was a secular Zionist who opposed any distinction between Western and Eastern Jews . This made him a figure of integration among the Galician Jews who fled to Vienna during the First World War . In 1926 he joined the faction of radical Zionism and in 1933 the Jewish State Party . He was editor of the Jüdische Zeitung , from 1919 to 1927 he was editor-in-chief and co-editor of the weekly Zionist Wiener Morgenzeitung and then published the magazine Die Neue Welt .

After the “Anschluss” of Austria , Stricker was arrested by SS men on March 14, 1938 in his office on Universitätsstrasse . He had refused to flee to Budapest the day before because he did not want to “let the religious community down”. On April 1, 1938, he and other Jewish functionaries were taken to Dachau concentration camp and later to Buchenwald concentration camp . Seriously ill due to abuse, he was released after eleven months because a ransom had been paid for him and other officials by the World Jewish Congress . However, he was not allowed to leave the country. In September 1942 he and his wife Paula were deported to the Theresienstadt ghetto on one of the last transports . However, his two children were able to flee and survived the Holocaust .

In Theresienstadt, Stricker was elected a member of the council of elders. On October 28, 1944, he and his wife were sent to Auschwitz and murdered as soon as they arrived.

Although he was one of Austria's most important Jewish journalists and politicians, he was largely forgotten after 1945. In the north of Tel Aviv , in contrast to Vienna, the center of his work, a street is named after Stricker.

Fonts (selection)

  • Jewish nationalism. Vienna 1919.
  • Does Jewish Nationalism Harm the Jews? Vienna 1919.
  • The effective defense against anti-Semitism. Vienna 1919.
  • How can we keep our youth Jewish? Vienna 1919.
  • The representatives of the Jewish people. Vienna 1919.
  • Jewish politics in Austria. Activity reports and excerpts from speeches given in the Austrian parliament in 1919 and 1920. Vienna 1920.
  • Jewish nationalism. Vienna 1929.
  • Paths of Jewish Politics. Essays and speeches. Löwit, Vienna / Leipzig 1929.
  • Dwarf Jewish state! Vienna 1938.

literature

  • Dieter Josef Mühl: The "Wiener Morgenzeitung" and Robert Stricker. Jewish National Zionist Journalism in Vienna . In: Michael Nagel (Ed.): Between self-assertion and persecution: German-Jewish newspapers and magazines from the Enlightenment to National Socialism . Hildesheim: Olms, 2002 ISBN 3-487-11627-8 pp. 253-268
  • Josef Fraenkel (Ed.): Robert Stricker . London: Ararat Publishing Society, 1950

Web links

Wikisource: Robert Stricker  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Entry on Robert Stricker on the website of the Austrian Parliament
  2. ↑ Ashkenaz. Journal of the History and Culture of the Jews. 15 (2005) Böhlau, Vienna, p. 174.
  3. ↑ Isabella Gartner: Menorah. Jewish family journal for science, art and literature (1923–1932). Materials on the history of a Viennese Zionist magazine Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 2009, ISBN 978-3-8260-3864-8 , p. 47.
  4. ↑ Election to the Constituent National Assembly on February 16, 1919 preliminary result. Federal Ministry of the Interior (PDF, 6 MB)
  5. ^ Klaus Hödl: As a beggar in the Leopoldstadt. Galician Jews on their way to Vienna. Böhlau, Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-205-98303-3 , p. 297.
  6. ↑ Parliamentary Correspondence No. 609 of September 17, 2001
  7. ↑ National Council election of October 21, 1923. Federal Ministry of the Interior (PDF, 611 kB)
    Albert Lichtblau : Participation and Isolation. Jews in Austria in the “long” 1920s. In: Archive for Social History 57, Bonn 1997, pp. 231–253, here p. 243.
  8. ^ Klaus Hödl: As a beggar in the Leopoldstadt. Galician Jews on their way to Vienna. Böhlau, Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-205-98303-3 , p. 294 f.
  9. ↑ Issue of March 24, 1931 ( Memento of the original of July 19, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 4.9 MB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / edocs.ub.uni-frankfurt.de
  10. ^ Dieter Hecht: Robert and Paula Stricker. In: Paul Heller (ed.): From the state cripple institute to the orthopedic university clinic. The "Elisabethheim" in Rostock. (= Chilufim . Journal for Jewish Cultural History Center for Jewish Cultural History of the University of Salzburg 7/2009) Lit, Münster 2009, ISBN 978-3-643-10105-1 , pp. 169–178, here: pp. 174ff.
    Josef Fraenkel (Ed.): Robert Stricker. Ararat Publishing Society, London 1950, pp. 48f.
  11. ^ Stricker, T. Robert on ghetto-theresienstadt.de
  12. ^ Dieter Hecht: Robert and Paula Stricker. In: Paul Heller (ed.): From the state cripple institute to the orthopedic university clinic. The "Elisabethheim" in Rostock. (= Chilufim. Journal for Jewish Cultural History Center for Jewish Cultural History of the University of Salzburg 7/2009) Lit, Münster 2009, ISBN 978-3-643-10105-1 , pp. 169–178, here: pp. 175f; jewishvirtuallibrary
  13. ^ Dieter Hecht: Robert and Paula Stricker. In: Paul Heller (ed.): From the state cripple institute to the orthopedic university clinic. The "Elisabethheim" in Rostock. (= Chilufim. Journal for Jewish Cultural History Center for Jewish Cultural History of the University of Salzburg 7/2009) Lit, Münster 2009, ISBN 978-3-643-10105-1 , pp. 169–178, here: pp. 176f.
personal data
SURNAME Stricker, Robert
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian civil servant and politician, member of the National Council
DATE OF BIRTH August 16, 1879
PLACE OF BIRTH Brno
DATE OF DEATH after October 28, 1944
Place of death Auschwitz concentration camp