Robert von Welz

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Robert Ritter von Welz (also Robert Welz ; born December 15, 1814 in Kelheim an der Donau; † November 12, 1878 in Würzburg ) was a German doctor and university professor . He was a dentist , ophthalmologist , a pioneer in the field of anesthesia , founder of the first eye clinic in Würzburg and Würzburg's first full professor of ophthalmology.

Life

Robert von Welz was the son of the country Kelheimer judge Aloys Peter Joseph Ritter von Welz (1773-1828), who on 13 April 1813 by the Elector Karl Theodor got knighthood diploma was recognized in 1787 by the Bavarian King Max I, and his wife Josephine, born von Chlingensperg (1778-1845). He attended the high schools in Regensburg and Würzburg . In 1832 he began to study natural sciences and philosophy at the University of Würzburg , from 1834 he devoted himself to medicine. He completed this course in 1838 with a doctorate as Dr. med. The dissertation Des Asclepiades of Bithynia Health Regulations, based on the existing manuscripts, was first published and explained for the first time in 1841.

The alliance coat of arms of the Chlingensperg on Berg and the Welz (a red brick wall against a golden background with silver joints in the base of the shield, on which a man dressed in red with a pointed hat stands and holds a fish, namely a catfish, in his hand) at the so-called Welzhaus ( Above it the five-pronged crown of the titled nobility).

Welz was an assistant doctor under Carl Friedrich von Marcus at the Würzburg Juliusspital from 1840 to 1847 . During this time he also gave private courses and developed stethoscopes . At the beginning of 1847 he invented an inhaler which enabled the surgeon Cajetan von Textor to perform operations under ether anesthesia from February 3, 1847. He also wrote a treatise on this etheric apparatus, which he sent to the Bavarian king on July 22, 1847. In 1847 he passed his final medical examination and was allowed to work as a general practitioner before he qualified as a professor at the medical faculty in Würzburg in 1848 with the treatise De collapsu pulmonum qui fit thorace aperto . He also received a travel grant with which he went to Paris to study syphilis and to complete his studies in dentistry . Returned from Paris, he settled as a dentist in Würzburg. On February 25, 1849, he was also appointed private lecturer at the Medical Faculty. He gave his inaugural lecture on the application of acoustics to the results of percussion of the chest and abdominal cavity .

The Welzhaus

Welz went to Berlin in 1854/1855. There he was trained in ophthalmology by his friend Albrecht von Graefe and initially founded a private ophthalmology clinic in Würzburg in Klinikgasse (today Klinikstrasse 6 with the so-called Welzhaus , which is a listed building , which was used as a house for epileptics from 1773 and as a maternity hospital from 1805 with midwifery school). In 1857 the first public eye clinic opened in Würzburg , where Welz worked. In 1857 he was appointed associate professor of ophthalmology and dentistry at the medical faculty. He bought the property at Klinikstrasse 6 on January 4, 1858 and had another floor added. In 1866 he was finally appointed the first full professor of ophthalmology. He remained in this position until his death. The eye clinic was bequeathed to the Marian Foundation for Poor Eye Sufferers , which the University of Würzburg took over the administration of.

Welz was the first professor to be buried in the honor grave of the University of Würzburg . In addition, Welzstraße in Würzburg and Robert-von-Welz-Straße in Kelheim are named after him. He also donated the Graefe Prize , a prize for the best treatise in the field of ophthalmology. A new university eye clinic built in 1901 bears the stone portrait of Robert von Welz above its entrance portal.

The former new eye clinic at Röntgenring 12 in Würzburg with the portrait of Robert von Welz

Publications (selection)

  • Des Asclepiades of Bithynia Health Regulations. 1841.
  • The inhalation of the ether vapors in their various modes of action. Voigt & Mocker, Würzburg 1847.
  • Deux résponses à deux lettres de M. le docteur Ricord sur la syphilis. Halm, Würzburg 1850.
  • De l'Inoculation de la syphilis aux animaux. 1850.
  • The inoculation of syphilis on animals. Halm, Wuerzburg 1851.
  • The iridectomy preceded the peripheral linear extraction. 1873.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Karl Heinrich Ritter von Lang : Adelsbuch des Kingdom of Baiern , Munich 1815, p. 591.
  2. ^ Rita Stauber: Robert Ritter von Welz (1814–1878). Medical dissertation, Würzburg 1983, p. 15.
  3. ↑ Johannes Siebmacher: Siebmacher's large and general book of arms . 2. Volume 1. Dept .: The nobility of the Kingdom of Bavaria . Edited by Otto Titan von Hefner. Nuremberg 1856, pp. 72 and 123 as well as plates 80 and 152.
  4. ↑ Ute Felbor: Racial Biology and Hereditary Science in the Medical Faculty of the University of Würzburg 1937–1945. 1995, p. 20 f.
  5. ^ Christoph Weißer: First Würzburg ether anesthesia in 1847 by Robert Ritter von Welz (1814–1878). In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 17, 1998, pp. 7-20.
  6. ↑ Robert von Welz: The inhalation of the ethereal vapors in their various modes of action with practical instructions for those who use this means. Wuerzburg 1847.
  7. ^ Rita Stauber: Robert Ritter von Welz (1814–1878). Medical dissertation, Würzburg 1983, p. 66 f.
  8. ↑ Ute Felbor: Racial Biology and Hereditary Science in the Medical Faculty of the University of Würzburg 1937–1945. Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 1995 (= Würzburg medical history research. Supplement 3; also dissertation Würzburg 1995), ISBN 3-88479-932-0 , pp. 13-27 ( Das Welzhaus ).
  9. ↑ a b The University's Grave of Honor . In: A LOOK. Online magazine of the University of Würzburg , January 7, 2014.
  10. ↑ Ute Felbor: Racial Biology and Hereditary Science in the Medical Faculty of the University of Würzburg 1937–1945. 1995, p. 19 f.
  11. ↑ To the Von Graefe Prize . In: Deutsches Ärzteblatt. Retrieved March 14, 2020.
  12. ↑ Regulations for the granting of the Prof. Dr. v. Welz donated the “von Graefeschen Prize” . In: Report on the forty-sixth meeting of the German Ophthalmological Society in Heidelberg in 1927. Edited by A. Wagenmann, Verlag von JF Bergmann, Munich 1927, p. 507 f.
personal data
SURNAME Welz, Robert von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Welz, Robert Ritter von (full name); Welz, Robert
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German physician and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH December 15, 1814
PLACE OF BIRTH Kelheim
DATE OF DEATH November 12, 1878
Place of death Wurzburg